Ezweni lethu, izisekelo ze-tape ne-pile-apended zivame kakhulu, okusho ukuthi idivaysi yesitezi esingaphansi komhlaba (isitezi sokuqala phansi). Sikutshela ngenzeni ukuze lo mklamo uwukukhonze isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka.
1 hlinzeka umoya omncane ngaphansi komhlaba
Okungukuthi, kushiya isisekelo odongeni lwesisekelo. Lapho ubalwa, kwesinye isikhathi bagxile kwi-SP 54.13330.2011 (uhlelo olusha oluvuselelwe lwe-snip -01-01-2003), ngokuya ngokuthi "kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngomkhiqizo Inendawo ephelele okungenani engu-1/400 yomkhakha wezobuchwepheshe ngaphansi komhlaba noma ongaphansi, otholakala ngokufana nxazonke ezindongeni zangaphandle. Indawo yomkhiqizo owodwa kumele okungenani ibe ngu-0.05 m2. " Kepha inkulumo kuphela endimeni ehamba ngezakhiwo ezisefulethini, lapho ingaphansi komhlaba kuphrojekthi inesitezi sokhonkolo futhi ivikelekile kumswakama.
Endlini yangasese enomshoshaphansi ongahlukaniswanga, indawo yezimbobo zomoya omncane iyadingeka ukwandisa okungenani i-1/1 ukusuka endaweni yokwakha (okungukuthi, isendlini ka-8 × 10 m, kuhlelwe kukhiqizwe ngu-0.4 m2 noma ngaphezulu). Ngasikhathi sinye, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubheka umoya okhuphukile (isikhundla esiyingxenye esemqoka yokukhiqizwa kusuka ezinhlungwini ezinomoya nasezinhlangeni ze-leewaward) nokugwema izindawo ezingafakwanga umoya emakhoneni, ngaphansi kwama-erkers, njll. ivaliwe ngama-latsices ensimbi engagqwali.
Ukukhiqizwa kushiya zombili ezindongeni zangaphandle zesisekelo nasezingeniso. Photo: Indlu enempilo
2 ukulala okulele ngaphansi komhlaba
Esikhathini esiningi esigcwele eSwampy, ingabe ingaphansi komhlaba kufanele igcwaliswe ngesihlabathi esigoqiwe okungenani ngama-25 cm. Umphumela we-capillary ubonakaliswa esihlabathini ngaphansi kobumba no-soam, futhi kunomswakama omncane ngaphansi komhlaba. Ukuze "uhlanganise impumelelo", kuyinto efiselekayo ukugcina ngaphezulu kwesihlabathi ngesendlalelo esiqinile se-hydropara efaka izinto ezibonakalayo - okungenani ifilimu elijwayelekile le-polyethylene.
Lapho wenza ifreyimu yohlaka, kubalulekile ukuthi ungakhohlwa ukusika isikhumba kumaphaneli wokuthwebula. Photo: Kostroma Terem
3 Hlanganisa imishayo ye-sclap
Kudingeka imishayo egcwele ngaphezulu ukuze ihlukaniswe ngokucophelela kusuka ezintweni eziyisisekelo (ezingaphansi) kanye nokuxhaswa okuphakathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa ama-gaskets ezingqimba ezimbili ze-rolled materproofing (hydrohotelool kanye ne-analogs) ku-bitumen-polymer mastic.
1 - I-Sandy Benchmark, 2 - Ikholomu elingangeni manzi, 3 - Ikholomu yezethenjwa, 4 - Ukugqagqana, 5 - "Pirate" Phansi. Umdwebo: V. Grigorieva
4 Vikela imishayo yokhuni kusuka ekubondeni
Imishayo yokhuni yokugqekeza kanye nemigoqo ye-cranial (kubo ilele phansi phansi) kufanele ivikelwe ekubolekeni, ifaka i-antiseptic ekujuleni okungenani kwe-2 mm okungenani. Kulokhu, ukwakheka kusetshenziswe ekwamukelweni kuka-2-3, futhi kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi ingaxubha, kepha ngosizo lwesifutho. Umphumela omuhle futhi utholwe ngokutholwa kwamafutha asetshenziswe kakhulu. Enye inketho ukusebenzisa imishayo yensimbi, kepha kuhlotshaniswa nokwanda okukhulu kwezindleko (imikhiqizo evela kwinsimbi izobiza izikhathi ezingama-5-6 ngaphezulu kune-Brusev noma ukungena).
Imishayo yangaphansi yensimbi izosebenza isikhathi eside uma uyimboza nge-varnish ye-bitumen. Photo: V. Grigorieva
5 Yenza okubhaliwe hhayi emabhodini
Kuyathandeka kakhulu ukwenza i-rut rough kusuka emabhodini, kepha kusukela ekuvinjelweni okubonakalayo kokubola, njenge-centmer-chipboard. Uma kwenzeka ushizi, ongaphansi komhlaba ngokuyinhloko ujikeleza umqulu wokusalungiswa, ohluleka ngokufakwa. Ngenxa yalokho, induduzo yokuphila endlini iyancipha kakhulu futhi izindleko zokushisa ziyanda.
Imishayo yokhuni ivikela ukubheja nge-antiseptics. Photo: svaigost.
6 Ungavali umkhiqizo ebusika
Akunakwenzeka, akunakwenzeka ukuvikela inqubo ebusika ukuvikela emakhazeni, njengoba bekuvame ukwenziwa ezinsukwini zakudala. Idizayini ye-ScreenLap ingathunyelwa kakhulu kangangokuba ngeke yomiswe futhi iqhume phakathi ehlobo - Ukudangala kuzozwakala endlini, kuzoba nephunga elingemnandi.
Emishameni kuvunyelwe ukusika amagajethi okubeka ukuxhumana, kepha ukujula kwaleyo grooves akufanele kudlule u-1/4 ubukhulu bogobolo. Isithombe: Izbadeluxe.
7 Nikeza ukufinyelela ngaphansi komhlaba
Ngokuphakama komhlaba ongaphansi kwe-0,5 m, kungakuhle ukuthi uhlongoze ukufinyelela okulula kule ndawo yokubuyekezwa, ukulungiswa nokulungiswa kwesisekelo se-BASE. Kulula kakhulu ukuthi ngezikhathi ezithile ukucubungula ezansi kwemishayo, imigoqo ye-cranial kanye ne-antiseptic enolaka, kunokuba aphakamise phansi amafulethi ebhodi futhi aveze ukwakhiwa kabusha kwakhiwa kabusha.
Isixazululo esikhulu senkinga yokujikeleza phansi kokuqala kokwenqaba kwemishayo nokwakhiwa kwe-hybrid Foundation, njenge-tape-slab noma ipuleti. Isithombe: Izbadeluxe.
8 Fur ngompunga ongaphansi komhlaba
Kanye ngonyaka, kuyinto efiselekayo ukushisa amasheke ambalwa we-sulfur ngaphansi komhlaba, okuthi namuhla ungathenga kalula ezimakethe zokwakha, kodwa futhi naseminyangweni yezomnotho yezitolo ezinkulu. I-Grey ebiyelwe yindlela ephumelelayo yokulwa namakhowe wokukhulisa.