Inqubo nokukhethwa komama kuncike ezimfanelweni zesihlahla njengento yokwakha. Sizokutshela okuningi ngokuthi ungayenza kanjani indlu eyenziwe ngokhuni.
Izinzuzo nokubi kwezinkuni
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Lesi sihlahla sikhethwa njengezinto zokwakha ngenxa yezinzuzo zayo ezingafinyeleleki. Inamandla aphezulu, kepha ukuqina okuphansi okuphansi, ngakho-ke kuphathwa ngamathuluzi okusika. Umuthi uphethe kahle futhi awexeli imisindo yesithathu. Igcotshwe, ipendiwe, lacate, ipolishwe. Kuyamelana nemiphumela yama-acid kanye ne-alkalis. Ukuthungwa okuhle kwezindawo zokhuni kwakha induduzo nenduduzo endlini.
Kodwa-ke, njengezinye izinto zokwakha, isihlahla sinezinkinga. Lapho ukomisa, osayizi bezinto zokhuni bancishiswa, futhi ngaphansi kwesenzo somswakama, kunalokho, kwanda. Ngenxa yokususwa komswakama okungalingani ehlathini, kuvela izingcindezi zemishini, ngenxa yokuthi imifantu ivele. Ekugcineni, umuthi wesaba umlilo, isihlahla sesinambuzane nesikhunta. Lezi zici zesihlahla zinaka ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo nomhlobiso olandelayo.
Imithetho ejwayelekile iqeda
Ukumboza indawo yangaphakathi yezindonga zethu lokhuni ngezinto zokuqedela akudingekile. Zisetshenziselwa ukufaka izakhiwo, noma uma ibha noma izingodo zibukeka zingenabubi. Uma uvala izindonga zokhuni, gcina engqondweni: ubuchwepheshe bale nqubo buhluke ngokufana nezindonga zokhonkolo kanye nezitini. Umehluko ochazwe yizakhiwo zezinkuni.Ake siqale ngezincomo ezijwayelekile:
- Ukuze ugweme ukwehluka kwezinto zokwakha, ukuqunjelwa kuqala ngemuva kokuphela kwe-shrinkage esebenzayo yendlu;
- Ngaphambi kokuqeda udonga ubumpofu;
- Ukuze isikhunta asikhiwa endlini, kusetshenziswa izinto ezidlulayo zomoya (uma kusetshenziswa izinto zokomoya, umoya omncane we-forced uqoqwe, kepha lokhu kuholela ezindlekweni ezengeziwe);
- Ezindlini ezincane ukuvikela umthwalo obaliwe esisekelweni nasezindongeni, izinto ezingasindi ziyasetshenziswa;
- Isendlalelo sokhonkolo senziwa ngokweqiniso lokuthi ukhonkolo ngemuva kokomiswa kokuba yi-monolith ehleliwe, kanti umuthi uyaqhubeka nokuhambisa impilo yonke yendlu, yingakho ukulimala kwezakhiwo kungenzeka;
- Udonga oludala luhlolwe kuqala endlini yakudala. Naka izingxenye ezihlukile ngombala, ubuningi kanye nokuthungwa;
- Uma izinkuni zidilika, zikuchitha kusuka ngaphakathi. Isibonelo, iphuzu lakhe lamabhungane, izintuthwane zokhuni noma zihamba ngokudambisa. Ezimweni ezinjalo, bhekisisa ochwepheshe benkampani yokwakha abahlanganyela ekwakhiweni kwezindlu zokhuni. Bazonquma imbangela yomonakalo futhi basize baziqede.
Kuyini i-shrinkage futhi iphela nini?
I-Shrinkage ingukubekwa uphawu kwamakhompiyutha wesakhiwo esenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya lesisindo salo. I-Shrinkage yehlisa izikhala phakathi kwamalogi noma ibha, okwenza indlu iqine.I-Shrinkage yenzeka kuyo yonke impilo yendlu, kepha kakhulu kakhulu - ezinyangeni zokuqala ngemuva kokwakhiwa. Isikhathi sesikhathi esisebenzayo sincike esihlahleni somuthi, umswakama waso esakhiweni, ubukhulu kanye nohlobo (isigaxa esihlanganisiwe, i-bar ejwayelekile noma ethe xaxa), kwaqhutshwa isikhathi sokwakhiwa.
Indlu yokhuni enokuphakama kochungechunge lwamamitha amathathu, eyakhiwe kusuka ku-log evamile, esigabeni esisebenzayo ihlala cishe ngo-10 cm, kusukela ngokhuni olungapheliyo - ngo-6 cm, kusuka kubha yomile egumbini elikhethekile - ngo-2,5 cm.
Ngesikhathi sokuqothuka okusebenzayo, imisebenzi yokuqeda awenziwanga ukuthi ingalimazi futhi ingalimazi izinto zokwakha. Ngemuva kokuphela kwayo, ushintsho luba yinto engabalulekile futhi ungathinti umsebenzi wokuqeda.
Ngokwesilinganiso, i-shrinkage shrinkage yezindlu zokhuni imi ngalendlela elandelayo: Indlu evela kubha ekhathele iphela ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-3-4, kusukela kubha ejwayelekile kanye nezingodo - okungenani ngonyaka owodwa.
Ukuphela kwe-shrinkage esebenzayo kunqunywa ngokulinganisa ukuphakama kwezindonga. Uma kungakapheli izinyanga ezi-1-2 lapho kulinganisa isilinganiso setheyiphu, ukuphakama akuguquki, ukushwabana kwaphela.
Kungani Izindonga Ze-Canopate?
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Izindonga ze-canopate ukuqeda izikhala phakathi kwezingodo noma ibha futhi kwandise isihlangu sokushisa sendlu. Njengoba izinto zokubopha zisebenzisa intambo ye-jute, zizwe, zidlula, moss, i-flanutin nezinye izinto.
UJute uhlala isikhathi eside, akazilimazi izinambuzane, akaboli. Kepha kuyathatheka, yingakho izikhala phakathi kwezingodo zakhiwa futhi. Amanye amakhosi athi intambo ye-jute ayikho nakancane. Ngakho-ke, athi, asetshenziswa, asetshenziswa ngokuqedwa kwangaphakathi njengomhlobiso, futhi phakathi komqhele kufakwa "kwangempela" ukufakwa.
I-Pase inokuphakelayo okushisayo okuphansi, ayitholwanga ukhunta, kepha isebenza kanzima emsebenzini, futhi umthungo uphathwe yifomu elithile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndima ikhipha izinyoni lapho beza nezidleke. I-Punch ivikela kusuka ezindongeni ezinamathele, ezihehi ngaphandle nge-clapboard.
Uzizwe efudumele futhi engaphuthelwa iphunga. Emasizini - litholakala ekubolekeni futhi lilinyazwe yi-mol.
I-Moss inezindawo zokulwa nezakhiwo, ezihlala isikhathi eside, kepha kufana nokudlula, uthando izinyoni.
Into engcono kakhulu ye-cacopa is uSisal, eyenziwe ngamaqabunga amaqabunga e-agava akhula emazweni anesimo sezulu esisemuva, kanye nentambo ebizwa nge- "Manila Fibers). Kepha lezi zinto zokwakha zibiza kakhulu kunenhla.
Izindonga ezifukuzani zigoba kabili: Ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwesiketi nonyaka ngemuva kokuphela kwesigaba esisebenzayo seShrinkage. Izindlu ezivela kubha enezinhlobo ze-carvalous kanye - ngemuva kokuphela kwe-shrinkage.
Canopate ngaphandle nangaphakathi. Qala ngezansi. Ukugwema izindonga ezishisayo, kusetshenzwe umqhele ohlangothini olulodwa bese kuthi ngokushesha luye kolunye uhlangothi.
Ngemuva kwe-cacopa, indlu iba ngaphezu kwamasentimitha amaningana. Kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinto ezazibekwe phakathi kwemiqhele ziyancishiswa, kwavela ukwakheka. Kungokuchitha kwalokhu kuvela lapho kukhuphuka khona izakhiwo zayo zokufakwa okushisayo zanda.
Ukulungisa ukuphela kwe-shrinkage ngemuva kwe-cacopa, ukuphakama kwezindonga kulinganiswa ngezikhathi ezithile. I-Shrinkage ibhekwamiswe imisiwe uma ukuphakama kungashintshi kungakapheli izinyanga ezimbili. Ngakho-ke ungaqala ukuqeda.
Yiziphi izinto ezisetshenziselwa umhlobiso ongaphakathi?
Izinto zokuqeda ezivame kakhulu zingama-lining, amaphaneli odonga, i-plasterboard. Baqaqa umoya, bavimbela ukwakheka kokubumba nokubonakala kwesikhunta.Akunandaba nokukhethwa kwezinkuni, kuvikelwe ngaphambili kusuka kukhunta kanye nokubumba ngezingoma ze-antiseptic, kanye nokumelana nomlilo kukhuphuka nge-flame.
Ungalungisa kanjani izinto zokuqeda?
Qinisa izinto ebusweni bezindonga noma ngohlaka. Inketho yesibili ikuvumela ukuthi ubeke impahla yokufakelwa okushisayo, ufihle i-wiring bese udala isikhala phakathi kodonga kanye nonquma ukujikeleza umoya.
Phakathi kwezindonga nophahlashika ushiye igebe le-2-4 cm ububanzi uma kwenzeka kuguqulwa kanye namakhono ezinkathi zesakhiwo. Imvume ivaliwe ngophahla lwe-peiling.
Uma uhlaka lusetshenziswa, amagundane nezinambuzane kungaqalwa esikhaleni phakathi kwesitofu sokuqeda nodonga.
Amagundane ngaphansi kokuphela abekwa ungqimba lwe-ecowhat, okungelona "labantu abahlanzekile" abaluthandi. Ukuvikela i-wiring emazinyweni abo abukhali, ucingo lubekwe emapayipi ensimbi.
Ukuvikela indlu emabhunganeni ezihlahla, izindonga ziphathwa ngezingoma ze-antiseptic eziqukethe i-biocides. Lokhu kuthobeka kungena ngokujulile esakhiweni somuthi, kwakha ungqimba oluvikelayo, lapho izinambuzane ezingangeni khona.
Izintuthwane kuma-antiseptics azabeli. Ukusuka kubo, indlu ivikelekile ekwakheni, ifaka kwigridi encane umqhele wokuqala wesonto.
Ama-clapboard
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I-lining yi-Shef Sheaving Boards exhunywe komunye nomunye ngomgomo we- "Spike-Groove", okungukuthi, i-protrusion (spike) yebhodi elilodwa ifakwe kwi-recess (i-groove) yomunye. Eminyakeni ethile edlule, izindonga zangaphakathi zezimoto zabagibeli zazichotshozwa ama-skid anjalo, lapho kwahamba igama.
Ngephrofayili, i-lining ihlukaniswe yaba ojwayelekile ne-eurovantia. Ikhadi le-Wooden EURRY lifakwe imichilo yomoya omncane ukususa i-condensate. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ine-groove ejulile ukuze lapho yomile, izikhala phakathi kwamabhodi azenzeki.
I-lining yepulangwe, uma yomiswa ngomiswa emvelo, inika i-shrinkage, ngenxa yalokho okuvela izikhala. I-lining yomiswe esithandweni esikhethekile segumbi, i-shrinkage ebaluleke kakhulu ngeke ibe khona. Isiphetho: Thola Chalks of Chamber yomiswa.
Bopha ukufakwa ngaphakathi ngezipikili, isikulufa izikulufa noma ku-chipimens.
Bopha i-perpendicular kuhlaka lwe-crate. Ukuvuselela okuvundlile kunwebisa igumbi, mpo yenza uphahla ngaphezulu.
Lapho umhlangano ovundlile, umsebenzi uqala ophahleni, uqondise ama-grooves amabhodi phansi ukuze uthuli lube khona.
Ukuhola okuqondile okuqondile okuvela ekhoneni. Ibhodi lokuqala lihlelwe ngezipikili, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi livala indawo yendawo yokunamathisela enepulangwe lokuhlobisa.
Ibhodi lokugcina liphinde labethelwa ngezipikili, livala ipulangwe lokuhlobisa. Imichilo enjalo, amakhona okuhlobisa nama-plinths avalwa ngayo yonke ama-engeli angaphandle naphakathi namalunga.
I-lining imbozwe nge-primer, bese upenda noma u-varnish.
Ukuqeda ngamapaneli odonga
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Kusetshenziswa amaphaneli odonga lapho uqeda amakamelo amakhulu. Kulula ukuhlangana futhi akuvumele ukumboza izindawo ezinkulu ngokushesha. Abaqambi babathanda ngemibala ehlukahlukene kanye nokwenziwa okuvumela ukudala ama-accents ahlukahlukene angaphakathi kuleyo ndawo.
Usayizi wokuhlukanisa, amathayela e-tile namaqabunga. Ngokwezinto zokukhiqiza - ngokhuni, ama-bamboo, amaphaneli enziwe ngezingxenyana ezinhle zokhuni (MDF), i-chipboard (chipboard), ingilazi, ipulasitiki, isikhumba.
Ngendlu yokhuni enomoya omncane wokungena komoya, amaphaneli avumelelayo asetshenziswa: ngokhuni, i-MDF, chipboard. Lezi zinto zokwenziwa zivimbela ukwakheka kwesikhunta.
Ingilazi - impahla esindayo, ayisetshenziswa ekuhlukaniseni okuncanyana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingilazi ayikweqi umoya.
Amaphaneli epulasitiki umoya ovuthiwe, awesabi umsoco, amaconsi okushisa. Izinketho zokukhishwa "ngaphansi kwesihlahla" lokho kufanelekile endlini yokhuni.
Amaphaneli wesikhumba abuye "uphefumula". Banikela igumbi i-chic ekhethekile nokunethezeka, ngakho-ke hhayi kuyo yonke indlu yokhuni ebukeka kahle ngokwemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ziyimigwaqo.
Bopha amaphaneli ohlakeni noma ngaphezulu kwezindonga, uma zibushelelezi. Izindlela zokubumba zincike kokuqukethwe. Amaphaneli akhanyayo agcotshwa noma atshalwe kubakaki, izipikili ezisindayo zibethelwa futhi zikhohliswe ngokuzikhandla.
Izici zokusebenzisa i-plasterboard
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I-Plasterboard iyisitofu se-gypsum, esibekwe kuzo zombili izinhlangothi nge-Cardboard Eminyene. Ishidi le-Plasterboard lingasikwa, liboniswe futhi libe strag.
Hlanza izindonga nge-plasterboard, ubheka imithetho elandelayo:
- Ifakwe kufreyimu entantayo (sliding). Nge-shrinkage, akushintshi ukuphakama, ngakho ama-plasterboard amashithi awawonakalisiwe futhi awonakaliswa. Le ndlela isetshenziswa uma usuqedile ekugcineni kwesigaba esisebenzayo Shrinkage, ngoba indlu yokhuni ingaphansi kwenqubekela phambili yonyaka.
- Uhlaka lwe-sliding lwenza kanjalo. Ama-racks we-vertical Uzimele akayona umlutha phansi nophahla, kepha ngegebe le-4-5 cm ngaphezulu nangaphansi. Kuphrofayela, ama-grooves amile angu-5 cm ubude, ahlele izikulufo ezisheshayo kuma-washer, kepha hhayi "ngokuqinile". Uma udonga lwehla, luhlale lungena kuwo luyokwehlela khona i-groove phezulu, bese uhlaka lwamashidi lunamathele kulo luzohlala khona lapho.
- Kunezikhala ezi-2 mm phakathi kwamashidi e-drywall - futhi njengomshuwalense ngokuhamba kwezingxenye ezahlukahlukene zezindonga. Izikhala zifakwa nge-putty.
- Amashidi e-plasterboard apendiwe noma ambozwe ngephepha lodonga, athola amalunga.
Unjani ukhonkolo endlini yokhuni?
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Iphansi likakhonkolo linezinzuzo ngokhuni. Ama-creaks okugcina, athenga, adonsela amakhaza kuye ezinsukwini zeqhwa. Ukhonkolo uncishiswe la maphutha, futhi noma yikuphi ukuhlanganiswa kungafakwa kukho.
Phansi ngokhonkolo endlini yokhuni uthele:
- Ngomhlaba, uma ama-lags abolile;
- Phezu kwesango, uma ama-lags eqinile;
- Phezu kwesitezi sokhuni, okungukuthi, yenza uthayela.
Indlu yokhuni ngisho nangemva kokuphela kwesikhathi esisebenzayo, i-shrinkage ingaphansi kokunyakaza kwesizini, ngakho-ke phansi kokhonkolo kwenziwa ngaphandle kokuxhumana okuqinile ngesisekelo, kushiya izikhala phakathi kokhonkolo kanye nezindonga.
UPawulu Emhlabeni
Ngaphambi kokugcwaliswa phansi, amazwe ayasuswa, inhlabathi ilala nge-gravel noma imfucumfucu. Ngaphezulu kwesihlabathi se-powder. Ngemuva kwalokho uluka impahla evunyelwanga, ngokwesibonelo, i-polyethylene yezindawo zokugcina izithombo, ngodonga ezindongeni ezingenhla kwesitezi esizayo.Ukuhlobisa amanzi kubekwe ekuhlolweni kwamanzi, kwabelana ngentambo ku-strip 1m ububanzi. Amabhendi athululelwa ngokhonkolo, ashiye izikhala ezindongeni uma kungenzeka akhubazekile, bese enza isisu - futhi anezikhala, noma zomile.
UPaul on Lagha
Ngaphambi kokubeka phansi, ngaphezulu kwe-lag, isikhala phakathi kwawo sigcwele isihlabathi noma amatshe amatshe, sithululelwe ukhonkolo futhi sithululelwe ukhonkolo. Ngemuva kwalokho yenza i-screed, njengasesimweni esedlule.
Kuhlelwe esitezi sokhuni
Isikali esitezi sokhuni senziwa ngemuva kokulungiselela kwaso ngokucophelela. Ama-plinths adilizwayo, amabhodi afakiwe anamathela ezinhlakeni ngokuzidweba, imifantu isondela u-acrylic uPretty. Ubulili bube sembozwe ngezinto ezingenamanzi ezindongeni, bathela amanzi ngamanzi nge-screen evelele enobukhulu okungenani be-5 cm ngezikhala phakathi kwezindonga.Ukuqedwa kwama-coati kufakwa kuthayi: i-linoleum, i-laminate, i-parquet, amabhodi.
Ukuqeda uphahla
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Ngokophahla kophahla, i-plasterboard iyasetshenziswa, amaphaneli epulasitiki, amaphaneli e-MDF, amaphaneli odonga lwezinkuni.
Uphahla lubekwe ezingxenyeni ezimbili zezinto ezibonakalayo. Kukhona ukufakwa, umusi kanye nokungena kwamanzi phakathi kwezendlalelo. Izinhlobo eziphambili zezakhiwo ezihlanganisiwe, eziphansi nophahla lwamaphaneli.
Uphahla wekhebula lunamathele ezinhlangothini ze-Overlaps ngosizo lwamabha noma ama-racks. Ukungahambi kahle okuncane kuqeda, ukubeka ama-wedges ngokhuni ngaphansi kwekhreyithi. Ukucasha kwe-wiring ngaphansi komugqa.
Uphahla oluphansi lubekwe emqheleni wokusikwa, hhayi ku-beams swele. Faka isicelo ngokuhlelwa kophahla lwesikwele esincane. Yenza ubukhulu bama-1.0 cm obukhulu. Emabhodini, i-hydro kanye ne-insulator yokushisa iyabekwa.
Uphahla lwamaphaneli lwenziwe ngamaphaneli. Baqoqe phansi. Ngemuva kwalokho ifakwe emishameni yokuthela, ukulungisa futhi nomunye. Ngenxa yalokhu, kutholakala idizayini eyodwa.
Ngakho-ke, manje usuyazi ukuthi ingaphakathi lezindawo ezisendlini yokhuni zinezici. Zibangelwa izakhiwo zokhuni njengezinto zokwakha. Uma ubabheka, indlu yokhuni izokusebenzela isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokulungisa nokuguqulwa, futhi izothokozela futhi ithokomele nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka.
Abahleli bayabonga inkampani "ukulungiswa kwe-Express" ukuthola usizo lapho kulungiswa khona izinto ezibonakalayo.