Uphahla olukhona, oluthembekile noluqinile lwamathayili aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka aluhlaza anezinto ezisezingeni eliphakeme nokufakwa kochwepheshe.
Isithombe: Tegola.
I-tile eguquguqukayo emakethe yaseRussia inikezwa yinkampani "Dyuk Extubje", iThuktonikol, i-Icopal, i-Icopal, iKatepal, iKeraling, iTegola, njll. Njengesisekelo, isetshenziselwa yona, ifakwe phezu kwalonakaliswe okuqinile okuqinile kusuka ku-arient-chipbood (i-OSP-3), umswakama omelana ne-plywood (FSF) ngobukhulu okungenani bama-9 mm, aqinile noma ahlelwe ngosayizi wabangu-25 mm. Izici zesisekelo zine-rotary, enegebe le-3-4 mm. Lokhu kokugcina kusebenza ukunxephezela ukuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa kwezinto. Iphansi kufanele libe ngisho, ngamaconsi ekuphakameni phakathi kwezingcingo azidluli ku-2 mm, kanye nomile (umswakama onconywayo kusuka ku-12%).
Ngaphezulu kwaphansi kwabeka ukhaphethi lokufaka phakathi kwe-linking - ububanzi obugobekile obugobekile, njengomthetho, ongu-1 m. Ngokwendlela ye-fastener, amakhakhasi ahlelwe, azinamathela futhi ahlelwe ngemishini (kubakaki noma izipikili ezihleliwe). Ama-canvases agcwaliswa nge-15-20 cm ekuqondisweni okuguqukayo kanye ne-10 cm ku-longitudinal. Ikhaphethi lenza imisebenzi eminingana. Okokuqala, kuphinde kuvikele isisekelo kusuka ekuvuzweni ngesikhathi sokufakwa kophahla futhi eminyakeni yokuqala engama-2-3 ngemuva kokwakheka kwayo, ngenkathi i-tile eguquguqukayo ngaphansi kwethonya lokushisa kwelanga "alizange likhiphe amanzi angenamanzi ukunamathela. Okwesibili, ikhaphethi elastic livumela ukunciphisa umphumela wokudonswa kwesakhiwo se-rafting sokhuni ngokubukeka nokuqina kophahla (kufaka phakathi endaweni yokuhlala nezindawo zama-apions).
IGrange ivikela ungqimba we-bitumen kusuka emiphumeleni ebhubhisayo ye-ultraviolet, ngasikhathi sinye enikeza umbala ezintweni ezibonakalayo zophahla. Photo: Tehtonol
Izincomo zabakhiqizi ekufakweni kwekhaphethi lokulahla ahlukile. Ezinye izinkampani ziyeluleka ukuthi zikubeke phezu kwawo wonke umthambo ophahleni ophahleni olunama-18 °, abanye - ophahleni olunomthambeka ofinyelela ku-30 °. Ngomthambeka omkhulu, ukhaphethi kunconyelwa ukuthi kubekwe kuphela emaphethelweni, izindawo zama-alpion ezindongeni, ezizungeze amapayipi namafasitela aseMansard, kanye nalezo ze-eves. Ezinye izinkampani zingeza kulolu hlu lwamaFrones, i-Skate kanye nama-Rigges.
Isigaba esilandelayo sokufakwa kophahla ukufakwa kwezinsimbi zensimbi (ama-Drippers) kuma-frontal kanye nama-eaves ukuvikela umoya kanye namanzi, kanye nokuklanywa kwalezi zingxenye zophahla. Ama-aprons aqinisa ngaphezulu kwezimoto ezinamathele ngezipikili noma ekuzidoniseni. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukuthola isitayela sethayela elijwayelekile.
I-shingle ngayinye (ishidi elincane elisicaba le-1 × 0,3 m nge-clippings etholwe kuma-onqenqemeni owodwa) lihlelwe esisekelweni usebenzisa izinzipho ezine ezinhlanu (kuya ngemodeli ye-tile) ngezigqoko eziningi ezinezigqoko eziningi. Zondla zona ngaphezu kokuphela kwama-petals anqunyiwe (emigqeni ye-groove) ukuze wengenge kabusha ukulungisa umphetho ophezulu we-shingle yomugqa ophansi. Akwamukeleki ukukhweza izikhalazo kuphela emaphethelweni aphezulu, ngoba kungahlukana ngaphansi kwethonya lomoya onamandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulokhu, umugqa ophansi awumi kahle, ongaphazamisa ubuqotho bayo yonke imidwebo yophahla. Ophahleni nge-bias enkulu (ngaphezu kwama-45 noma ama-60 °) ngokunamathisela ama-shingles uzodinga izinzipho ezimbili ezengeziwe: zizondla ama-engeli aphezulu wethayi (kude ngo-2,5 cm ukusuka emaphethelweni we-shingle).
Ingaphambili lamathayili avuthayo aguquguqukayo ambozwe ngesendlalelo sezinto ezidwetshwe ngamatshe apendiwe, ama-basalts avame kakhulu noma isilayidi. Photo: Tehtonol
Uhlangothini olusekelayo lwethayili, njengomthetho, lunongqimba oluzinamathela ngokuzinamathela - ngenxa yakhe, iziqu ngaphansi kwethonya lelanga lizona ngomunye nomunye, elikhulisa ukuqina kwenhlanganisela. Ungqimba luvikelwe yifilimu esuswe ngaphambi kokufaka amathayili. Umugqa wokuqala wesibhamu uvame ukubekwa ku-cornese ukuvuvukala, bese kancane kancane ufinyelele esikebheni. Ngasikhathi sinye, into ngayinye ephezulu yophahla ihlanganisa phansi nge-falsestone, ivikela ngokuthembekile indawo yesivinini sayo.
Ama-eaves, ama-skates kanye nama-ridges abhekene nomthwalo okhuphukile ngesikhathi sokusebenza kophahla. Abakhiqizi banikela ngezixazululo ezahlukahlukene ukuvikela lezi zingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi ekuvuzeni. Abanye bahlinzeka nge-skate-File ekhethekile (enendawo ekhulisiwe yesendlalelo esinamathela). Abanye banconyelwa ukuba baphathe nge-tile ejwayelekile ngeBitumen Mastic. Enye inkinga yophahla ngophahla - endanda, izindawo zokuhlangana kweziketi ngaphansi kwe-angle engaphakathi. Kunobuchwepheshe obuningana bokuhlelwa kwabo.
Izinkampani eziningi zikhiqiza ukhaphethi okhethekile we-Oman - I-Bituminous Engigobile (imvamisa ubude be-700-1000 cm kanye no-70-110 cm), okuthi, njengamasango e-tile, afafaze umbala ovela eMaroland. Ikhaphethi elinjalo linamandla futhi linamandla kakhudlwana futhi likuvumela ukuthi ulifihle ngenani elincane lezindwangu (njengomthetho, ama-rolls ambalwa). Igcwalisa ngenxa yekhaphethi yokufaka, ukulungisa imiphetho ye-bitumen mastic kanye izinzipho. UTile uphakanyiswa ekhaphethini, ukusika ukuze umucu ongemukeleki ka-15-25 cm ububanzi bokugeleza kwamanzi okungahleliwe uhlala emaphethelweni ukuphela. Imiphetho yama-shingles ilahlekile nge-mastic eceleni komugqa osikiwe. Ukulungisa ukhaphethi namagiya, izipikili zivinjelwe kude okungenani ama-30 cm ukusuka e-Endowa axis (ukuze kugwenywe ukuvuza). Kodwa-ke, kukholelwa ukuthi ama-rolls amade ambalwa, afakwe ngokuqinile e-Unlova, angakhubazeka lapho uphahla kokhuni ludonsi. Ngakho-ke, ezinye izinkampani ziphakamisa ukuhlomisa i-Ucesse ngosizo lweziqu ezijwayelekile, zibabize kusuka komunye umthambeka ziye kwesinye amacebo ahlukahlukene ("i-pigtail", "i-pigtail", "ukuluka kabili") nokulungisa i-glue. Abasekeli balesi sinqumo bakholelwa ukuthi u-Unlova ohlanganisa izinto ezahlukahlukene ezihlukile ukunwebeka futhi kungcono ukumelana nophahla lophahla.
Enye indawo enenkinga yophahla uyunithi yophahla ophahleni, amacilongo entuthu, njll. Akunakwenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukuqina kwalezi zingosi ngenxa yobubi bemithi ye-punction kuphela. Kuyadingeka ukuqala odongeni noma odongeni umphephe we-edde noma ophahleni (ngo-30 cm) bese uyivalela ngepuleti elikhethekile lensimbi ngephrofayili egobile. Ihlelwe odongeni / ishubhu ngomshini, futhi indawo yokuhlangana iphathwa nge-Roofing sealant.
Uphahla luhlinzeka ngezinto ezihlinzeka umoya omncane wophahla. Ukuze uthole i-hood yomoya endaweni ye-skate, ama-skate valves asuka ePoypropylene ngaphansi kombala we-coating afakwa. Ukuze uthuthukise umoya omncane endaweni yezimali, amawindi we-attic, amapayipi amakhulu afakiwe afakwe ngama-scanty valves. Izakhi zokuvama zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthola umoya omncane, amapayipi wendle, izimpondo.
Encwadini
Lapho ukhetha uhlelo lokudonsa lwendlu yezwe, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi imisele yensimbi ibe nezinzuzo ezithile ngaphezulu kwamanzi ku-PVC. Ngakho-ke, izinto zepulasitiki azinakuqina kangako, hhayi ezingamelana kangako nemisebe ye-UV: ukushiswa kanye ne-pigmentation kungenzeka. I-coefficient of izinga lokushisa liphakeme izikhathi ezi-4 eziphakeme, eziholela esidlweni sokusebenzisa ama-sealants kanye nezintengicishi ezikhethekile ngesikhathi sokufakwa kohlelo lwe-hvdc. Kanti lensimbi ayidingeki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amasistimu wokudonsa wensimbi angafakwa kunoma yisiphi isimo sezulu, futhi ngeplastiki kunemikhawulo yokushisa. Ngasikhathi sinye, imikhiqizo ye-PVC ishibhile, ayihlangane futhi cishe ayidingi ukulungiswa okulandelayo.Ukufakwa kwamathayela aguqukayo Tegola ezithombeni
Ukuze kufakwe ngaphansi kwamanzi angena ngaphansi kwamanzi esisekelweni esiqinile esivela ku-OSP-3, kufakwa ukhaphethi we-ratumen ratumen Igingqikala eduze kwe-cornese ivuvukala, i-axis ye-endland kanye nokuphela kophahla futhi kulungiswe izipikili ezigcwele ama-galvanized kanye ne-bitumen mastics. Isithombe: Tegola.
I-apron yensimbi ifakwa emafulethini aqinile esikhwameni nasekupheleni. Kamuva, indawo yokuxhuma ophahleni ne-apron iphathwa ngeBitumen Mastic. Isithombe: Tegola.
Lapho kubeka amathayili kaTegola, zonke izingxenye zenhlanganisela zenziwa kusuka ekuqhumeni okujwayelekile, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izinselelo. Futhi amapuleti emugqa wokuqala (ku-cornese ukuvuvukala) anqunywe emigqeni ye-groove enommese obukhali onombala onobumbano onomumo we-hook. Isithombe: Tegola.
E-Cornice Shinki, ama-Sheps ahlelwe nge-galvanized izipikili. Isithombe: Tegola.
Futhi kuma-eaves of the rings ahlelwe nge-bitumen mastics ye-galvanised. Amathayili agobhoza emigqeni ye-groove. Isithombe: Tegola.
Ukukhanyisa komugqa wesibili kwawela endaweni ye-endend, zisikiwe bese zifakwa ngokushesha. Isithombe: Tegola.
Lapho-ke iziqubulo zihleliwe. Isithombe: Tegola.
Ama-Shets of le migqa elandelayo ahlelwe ngokungaguquki, avuke ama-eaves esitezi, ukusika izindawo eziphuma ngemuva komugqa. Isithombe: Tegola.
Ukugwema iqhwa elifana ne-avalanche, setha ama-coner snowstores. Imilenze yabo ihlelwe isisekelo bese uvala amathayili emugqeni olandelayo. Isithombe: Tegola.
Ama-Gonns esiphelweni sophahla asikwa idemoni lamanzi angenamsebenzi angena e-apron. Isithombe: Tegola.
Phezulu kwesiketi, into yokufaka umoya omncane ifakiwe (Aerator). Isithombe: Tegola.
Into kampompi ihlelwe ngokuzicindezela, khona-ke ingxenye engenhla yedwa ivaliwe ngama-tile, lapho kuvikelwe khona ama-grooves ngokushesha. Isembozo esivikelayo sifakiwe engxenyeni ebonakalayo ye-Aerator enezikhala zokuphefumula. Isithombe: Tegola.
Bese uqhubekisela ekufakweni kwamathayili we-titumen aguquguqukayo e-Endah. Ibekwe ngendlela "ye-sulica". Okokuqala, izihibe esikebheni ezinama-bias amancane nobude yizinto zomugqa ngamunye, zilungiswe nge-eksisi endowa ziye kwenye ithambekile. Okulandelayo kubeka phansi izikhalazo esibhakabhakeni esilandelayo. Isithombe: Tegola.
Uyacelwa uqaphele: Endaweni e-endement, okuqukethwe kulungiswe kuphela ngosizo lokomisa owokwakha noma we-bitumen mastic. Akunakwenzeka ukuzulazula uthayela wezipikili, ukuba ne-cm esondele kune-30 cm kuya ku-eksow endow kusuka emzileni ngamunye. Isithombe: Tegola.
Izingxenye zama-shingles aphuma ngaphezu kwesilinganiso asikiwe. Isithombe: Tegola.
Ngemuva kwalokho baqala ukunciphisa amathayili, babeka ohlangothini lwesikebhe nge-bias enkulu. Isithombe: Tegola.
Ukuze wandise amandla okuhlanganisa, umsiki wenziwa ngokululama kusuka ku-Endow Axis ngo-5-10 cm. Isithombe: Tegola
Umugqa osikiwe ubikezelwa ngepensela ekhethekile. Isithombe: Tegola.
Izimpendulo zemibuzo ebanzi ekufakweni kwamathayili aguquguqukayo we-bitumen
1. Ngingasibeka ngokushesha kangakanani i-tile eguquguqukayo?
Konke kuncike ezikhwameni zabasebenzi kanye nobunzima bophahla. Indawo engu-150 m² ingambozwa cishe izinsuku ezinhlanu. Kubalulekile ukuqonda: Into esemqoka akuyona ijubane, kepha ikhwalithi yomsebenzi. Ngakho-ke, lapho kumiswa uphahla, kuyadingeka ukunaka kakhulu kokulungiswa kwesisekelo ngaphansi kophahla nokuhlelwa kwephayi ophahleni.2. Kungenzeka yini ukufaka idamu le-bitumen emigodini emazingeni okushisa ama-minus?
Yebo, kungenzeka, kepha ukufeza umphumela omuhle kakhulu, kuyinto efiselekayo ukugcina umsebenzi wokushisa okungaphansi kune--10 ° C. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-tile eguquguqukayo kufanele igcinwe egumbini lezigqila ze-OTA, lidle ophahleni amabheji amancane bese usebenzisa i-howerryer ye-thermal yokushisa ukushisa amabhendi anama-bitumes (ukuze kulungiswe ama-tile petals), kanye naku Phulukisa i-matumen mastic nendawo yezinto ezibonakalayo.
3. Yimiphi imingcele ejometri yeKoli ‰ Shea ibeka i-tile eguquguqukayo?
Okuqukethwe kusetshenziswa ophahleni kwanoma yikuphi ukuxaka nokuma, kanye nokuqedela ama-facades, yinzuzo engenakuphikwa yama-tile aguqukayo. Kulula ukufaka futhi kuyasebenziseka. Ngisho nezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu zokwakha, inqubo yenqubo yokuqukethwe ayikho ngaphezu kwe-5% yevolumu eyinhloko. Ukubeka ukuhlanganiswa okunjalo, kunesidingo esisodwa - isisekelo esiqinile.
4. Iziphi izipikili ezizokhala?
Nge-fasteners, kufanele kusetshenziswe izipikili ezikhethekile zophahla - imfucumfucu, enobubanzi besigqoko kusuka ku-9 mm. Banikeza ukulungiswa kwamathayela asondelene nokwethembeke. Ama-Fasteners enza ngokuqinile ngokuya ngemiyalo: isipikili ngasinye kufanele sikhanyise umphetho ophezulu weshidi elingaphansi. Lapho ubeka iziketi ngethala elingaphezu kuka-60 °, amakhona aphezulu we-shingle kumele ahlanganiswe ngezipikili ezimbili ezengeziwe. Ezindongeni ezinomthambeka omncane, kuze kufike ku-20 °, kungcono ukusebenzisa indlela yokushisa, eyenza ukuthi kuqinisekiswe ukuqina kokuhlanganiswa kophahla olukhulu.5. Ungayibeka kanjani i-tile ngaphansi?
Kunezindlela eziningana. Imvamisa, amaphahla agcwaliswa eceleni kwe-RTANDA egoqwe ngongqimba oluvikelayo lwamaminerali. Le nketho kulula ukuyikhipha, kepha hhayi njalo ubuhle futhi kwesinye isikhathi abathembekile (kuya ngokucushwa kophahla futhi kusuka ekunwetshisweni kwe-endand). Futhi, i-tile ibekwa yindlela yokunciphisa. Okokuqala, okuqukethwe kufakwe emthambekeni onobude obuncane nobude. Bese uqala ukubeka isitayela esigcawini esiseduze, kuyilapho izingxoxo zisikiwe, ziwela i-exk endowane ngo-5-10 cm, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukwandisa amandla nokuqina kokuhlanganiswa. Endaweni ukuphela, ama-tile ama-shond ahleliwe kusetshenziswa owomile noma we-bitumen mastic.
