Nyumba zokumana nazo m'dziko lathu pazifukwa zina zimawerengedwa, kutengera zomwe mtengo wake umapangidwa. Kodi ndizotheka kuti muchepetse kapangidwe kake ndikuphatikizidwa ndi zigawo ndikulumikiza mawonekedwe kuti akwaniritse kuchepetsa mtengo kuti muchepetse malire? Ngati zonse zikuganiziridwa bwino, zimakhala zotheka.
Mbiri ya nyumba za mtundu wa mtundu, kuphatikizapo kutama-theka, kuchepetsedwa m'dziko lathu. Mwina sakhala opanda chiyembekezo, koma mokwanira. Pali zifukwa zambiri pa izi. Kupatula apo, tonse tinalota nyumba zotsika mtengo komanso zotsika mtengo. Ndipo pamene kumapeto kwa zaka za zana lomaliza, m'malo ogulitsa nyumba, pamapeto pake adawonekera bwino kwambiri komanso mphamvu zotsika mtengo (pazifukwa zina zamagetsi (pazifukwa zina) pomwe adatchedwa Canadaan, ngakhale nthawi zambiri anali osagwirizana ndi Canada), aliyense adakondwera. Nachi! Zinachitika! Zosavuta komanso zotentha! Koma m'malo motengera zomwe zachitika ku Western Kumanga ndikugwiritsa ntchito nyumba zoterezi ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito kuti zizolowere mikhalidwe yaku Russia, makasitomala ndi omanga anathamangira kuti apulumutse chilichonse ndi zonse.
Chithunzi: "Zooksky Expresses ndi malo"
Malingaliro a kasitomala, komabe, ndizomveka: kulipira kocheperako, koma ndivundi. Zotsatira zake, "nyumba za ku Canada" koyamba zidatayika mpweya wotentha komanso makina ozizira. Kutsatiridwa mu ntchentche ndi kachitidwe ka mpweya wokakamiza. Omanga nawonso adathandiziranso ku "chuma" cha zinthu zomangira ndikuti akhumuke, zomwe nthawi zambiri zinali zokhumudwitsa kwambiri. "Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zovuta" Zaka za zaka zambiri kunapangitsa kuti makasitomala ambiri sakufuna kumva za nyumba za Skew.
Magulu a guluu anamangirana pakati pawo ndipo anaphatikizidwa ndi chimango kuyimilira pogwiritsa ntchito zolumikizira zapadera Sherpa. Chiwonetserochi chili ndi ziwalo ziwiri za aluminium zomwe zimakhazikika pa "mchira wa Surochkin"
Zotsatira zake, omanga omwe amadziwa momwe angapangire mapangidwe abwino, kwa zaka 15 akhala akuyesetsa kubwezeretsanso ma rennome awo ndikutsimikizira kuti nyumbayo inali yotsika mtengo kwambiri, kapena nthawi yayitali , mphamvu yothandiza komanso yachuma pakugwira ntchito. Ayenera kuchitapo kanthu kuti atsimikizire zomwe amayenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi kasitomala aliyense, kuwonetsa zinthu zomwe zimaperekedwa.
Ndipo omanga apamwamba amapeza matekinoloje atsopano, opindulitsa ... (musadabwe!) Kwa kasitomala. Komabe, mwatsoka, kusakhulupirika kwake kunazizika kwambiri, ndipo, ndichifukwa chake mavoliyumu omanga amangongole pang'onopang'ono. Koma, mwamwayi, ndikukulabe.
Kodi mungabwezere bwanji mtembo?
Zinali zoposa nkhaniyi mu 2007, opanga ndi omanga za Eookky Expreses ndi malo mawonekedwe. Adapanga mawonekedwe osavuta komanso osavuta kudzipatula momasuka komanso dongosolo la nyumba zopangidwa ndi anthu theka, tanthauzo lomwe limachepetsedwa ku zotsatirazi. Chimango cha nyumbacho chimasonkhana kuchokera pamatumba ndi matabwa ndi mitengo ya 200 × 180 mm.Nthawi yomweyo, malowa amakhazikika ndi gawo lokhazikika - pafupifupi 2,5 m (komwe amatsatira) dongosololi la mapepala okhala ndi ma sheet chimango, motero, chimachepetsa zinyalala zochepa. Kuphatikiza apo, champhamvu chotere, chomwe chimatsalira kunja ndipo kuchokera mkati, monga momwe ziliri kutsogolo, zimatsimikizira nyonga ndi kudalirika kwa kapangidwe kake ka kapangidwe kake. Ndimafunitsitsa kudziwa kuti nthawi yomweyo sizikhala ndi mapampu onse ndi zinthu ngati zazing'ono kwambiri. M'malo mwa iwo, kuuma kwa kapangidwe kake kamapatsa ma shess kapena vasm, yokhazikitsidwa ndi mavesi a m'mabuku a chimango (ukadaulo wa kudzaza matsegulidwe akudziwa - momwe).
Polumikiza zinthu zamatabwa zamiyala, zoyambira zogwirizana zimapangidwa pakati pawo (pafupifupi khumi), zomwe zili zabwino kwa opanga - tsopano amangopanga ntchito ya nyumbayo, komanso fayilo yapadera yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wowongolera mzere womwewo amapanga ma racks ofunikira ndi mitengo.
Osakhala ndi mwayi kwa dongosolo latsopano ndi omanga. Kupatula apo, tsatanetsatane wopangidwa ndi makapu olumikiza ndi ma spikes olumikizira amabwera ku malo omangawo ngakhale ndi mitengo yopanga zitsulo ngakhalenso ndi zopangira zitsulo zolumikizira (amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga). Nthawi yomweyo, palibe chomwe chimafunikira kuti chichitike - sankhani chidutswa cha zomwe adafunidwa (msonkhano umachitika moyenera), zomwe sizingasweke), ndikusintha gawo lazitsulo lomwe latchulidwa Zolemba zomwe zili patsamba (zomata zomata zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zitsulo zopangidwa ndi zinthu zina, etc. p. - Kufunika kugwiritsa ntchito aliyense wa iwo akutanthauzira wopanga). Ngati gawo linalo siloyenera, otola (ndikoyenera kuti muitchule motere), osayesa kuyenera kutengera zake, chifukwa nthawi zambiri amavomerezedwa pamalo omanga, amasiya ndikuyambitsa shopu.
Komabe, maubwino a makina atsopano satopa. Popeza kapangidwe kake kapangidwe ka shinkage, kumaloledwa kukhazikitsa mawindo ambiri owoneka bwino kwambiri ku chimango chopangidwa ndi chimango chomwe chimapangidwa ndi chimango chake chokwera mtengo. Koma si zonse. Mapangidwe opangidwa amatha kukhazikitsidwa kwa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yothandiza ndi kasitomala. Akufuna kasitomala kuti apange nyumba yopanda pake - palibe vuto.
Nyumba pamalo otsetsereka
Pomanga nyumba yomanga ndi malo onse a 302 moy ndi kampani "zakookskiy ndi malo" ndi tekitilo ndi ukadaulo wonse pankhani yomanga. Tidzawonjezera ndemanga zina zokha.
Malo achitukuko amapezeka pafupi ndi malo osungirako zinthu zakale "polenovo". Malo omwe alipo, kutalika kwamiyendo kuchokera m'mphepete mwa malo omwe amapezeka ndi makasitomala wina kunali pafupifupi 6 m. Kusiyana kwa nyumba yomanga kuti apange penti yolumikizidwa Maziko ndi nthaka yolunjika. Masitepe mkati mwa nyumbayo sanathandizidwe mosavuta, ndipo amagawa malo amkati mwa malo oyamba kukhala malo okhala ndi anthu onse okhala ndi mizere yosiyanasiyana. Malo okhala pansi yachiwiriyi ili pamlingo umodzi.
Onjezani mawu ochepa osunga ndalama ... kasitomala. Ngati mumamanga nyumba yofananayo, koma, mwachitsanzo, ukadaulo wofanana ndi ulaliki wa utoto, kenako chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimachitika komanso nthawi yayitali yomanga ma ruble 500. okwera mtengo kwambiri. Ndipo ngati zotseguka za zenera zikudzaza m'matumba agalasi oyikidwa mu chimango, kuvomereza chofunda champhamvu, mtengo wa zomangamanga uchuluka ma ruble 800. Ndipo, monga zikuwonekera kwa ife, kasitomala, akuyenda m'nyumba yatsopano, adzakhala osangalala kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zopulumutsidwa, mwachitsanzo, kuti timuchotsere.
Kwa chipangizo chapansi pamalopo omwe adaphunzitsidwa ndi matalala 36 ndi mainchesi 250 mm ndi ma 25 mpaka 2 m
Mu zitsime zomata, zolimbikitsidwa zimatsitsidwa (zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi pulasitiki zolimbikitsidwa ndi ma cremer 12 mm) kenako ndikutulutsa konkriti B20 (M-250) idadzazidwa ndi pampu wa konkriti
Mapangidwe osinthana ndi gawo la 400 × 300 mm (m'malo mwa gawo la kusintha - 600 × 300 mm) adapangidwa bolodi. Mwa iye adayika maziko ndikuthira konkire B20
Kuthandizanso pakukula kwa "banga la chitukuko" chinali 1.5 m, ndi dontho la magawo a maziko a muluwo ndi 400 mm (yomwe ndi yofanana ndi njira ziwiri zokhazikika). Pambuyo pa ntchito yake, inanso ina 400 mm m'munsimu pansi kuchokera pamaziko okhazikika pansi pa veranda yokutidwa ndi 38 m2
Mu umodzi mwa zinsinsi pakati pa nthiti, mitu yamitu, pofunsidwa ndi chidebe cha cellar, m'munsi mwake chomwe chimaperekedwa kwa ngalande za ngalande
Pa nthiti, chimango chidayikidwa pamadzi ofuula ndi pamwamba pa mtanda wake wapansi, ndikuphatikiza ndi nangula konkriti. Dongosolo la chimango lidakhazikitsidwa nthawi zonse pamavuto ndipo limakhazikika. Zovala zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa nthawi yomweyo zimaphimbidwa ndi mawu ophunzitsira
Maofesi okhazikitsidwa pamlingo wa malo olowera mkati mwake adamangidwa ndi bar. Zinthu zomwe sizingachitire katundu wamkulu - ntchito yawo yolimbitsa ma racks
Ma vertios a ma ralice adalowa nawonso bar, kenako pamzere uliwonse wa ma versices awo omwe ali ndi mitanda yokhala ndi 380 × 200 mm, m'mphepete yopapatiza
Maziko a gawo limodzi mwa magawo awiri a mitengo ya chitsulo. Manja okhala ndi gawo la 200 × 100 mm. Popanga zopangidwa, amachita ntchito yowala
Malinga ndi ntchitoyi, denga laling'ono la nyumbayo pamapeto pake limakhala "lokhalamo", choncho kapangidwe ka banja ndi kosiyana ndi mphamvu yokwanira. Maziko ake ndi okwera pamtanda a 200 × 50 mm, okhazikitsidwa mu gawo 400 mm
Zovalazo zidasinthidwa kukhala kutalika kwa 50 × 50 mm, pamwamba pa nembanemba, ndikuwakanikiza ndi njanji, ndipo adapanga pansi pansanja kuchokera kuospo-map. Zigawo ziwiri za ma supergroofring zidazikhalapo, ndipo pamwamba pa matayala ofewa
M'magawo am'kati mwa mitundu ya mtunduwo, mbale yazoseka idayikidwa ndi makulidwe 12 mm, kenako chimangocho chidamangidwa kunja ndikuyala ndi wosanjikiza wa 100 mm. Kunja, idakutidwa ndi mbale yachiwiri ya osss ndi matalala - isophoat (isoplat)
Kuchokera mkati mwa nyumba mu mafinya adapanganso mawonekedwe ndi ulla-moyo kukhala wosanjikiza wina wa kutentha 50 mm. Idakutidwa ndi nthunzi yamitengo, kenako pagombe lamatabwa, zokongoletsera zamkati zidakonzedwa (zopangidwa ndi kusiyana zimatsimikizira kusungidwa kwa Vaporizolation)
Kukula kwa mapiriwo adawotenthedwa moyenerera, kenako akuwonetsedwa ndi rotator ndi makulidwe a 40 mm
Mawindo opulumutsa mphamvu ndi mphamvu zokhala ndi mphamvu zopambuzidwira pazenera pazenera lalikulu
Pansi pa kambuku, yomwe imapumira pa minda yokhazikika, idapangidwa kuchokera ku mbale za antiseptic ndi kukula kwa 45 mm, ndikuwakhazikitsa ndi kusiyana
Makamaka omanga omwe adalipira kukhetsa: Madzi apansi panthaka adayika ngalande motsatana kwa nyumbayo, chinyezi cha mvula chimaseka dongosolo lamphepo. Zotsatira zake, madzi onse amalowa bwino
Kunja kwa khoma la nyumbayo kunali kokongoletsedwa ndi gawo lokhazikika lochokera ku mphete ya antiseptic. Yayikiridwa pamatabwa odulidwa, omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi mitengo yamphepo yamkuntho. Khola Kecpili, ndikupanga mipata pakati pawo
| Dzina la Ntchito | Chiwerengero cha | Mtengo, pakani. |
| Chipangizo cha maziko a mulu wa mulu, ngalande ndi mawonekedwe | konza | 267,000 |
| Pangani nyumba zovuta | konza | 490,000 |
| Kukhazikitsa kwa dongosolo lodetsa | konza | 440,000 |
| Kapangidwe ndi kukhazikitsa kwa makina azikoji | konza | 362 500. |
| Kutulutsa, kutchinjiriza, kukhazikitsa mawindo ndi zitseko | konza | 215 400. |
| Mapeto ake kunyumba | konza | 245 800. |
| Zonse | 2 020 700. | |
| Zogwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo | ||
| Zipangizo zamaziko, ngalande ndi nduna, kuphatikizapo michere, mwala wosweka, zida zapakati, zojambula, zolimbitsa thupi | konza | 355,000 |
| Send of Guluu, kuphatikiza ma racks, akuwombera, riglels (180 × 200/280/320/380) ndi Sherpa Zofulumira | konza | 1 860,000 |
| Zinthu zamatabwa ndi zojambula zamatabwa (kuphatikiza 190 × 40, 140 × 40, 100 × 40, 100 × 40, 100 × 40, 100 × 40, 100 × 40, 100 × 40, 100 × 40, 100 × 40, 100 × 40, 100 × 40, 100 × 40, 100 × 40, 100 × 40, 100 × 40, 100 × 40 | konza | 368,000 |
| Zipangizo za chipangizo chotsikira | konza | 458,000 |
| Zotchinga ndi Zowonjezera | konza | 189,000 |
| Mawindo apulasitiki, zitseko ndi mawindo owoneka bwino kwambiri | konza | 530,000 |
| Zida zopangira mphamvu zamagetsi, kutentha ndi kupezeka kwa madzi | konza | 585,000 |
| Zipangizo zakunja, kuphatikizapo matabwa, mabungwe, ma prices, plajening, ngalande | konza | 328 200. |
| Zida zothandizira (zomangira zodzikongoletsera, ngodya, chithovu, etc.) | konza | 85,000 |
| Zonse | 4 758 200. | |
| Zonse | 6 778 900. |
