Madzi onyowa "onyowa" a nyumba: zokutira ndi zokutira, mawonekedwe awo ndi mawonekedwe a chipangizo chopanda madzi
Malinga ndi miyezo yomanga ndi malamulo, pansi pamtunda wamtunda kuyenera kukhala 3 cm kuposa nyumba yonse. Kenako, mwadzidzidzi, madzi sadzayenda nthawi yomweyo kumapiri ndi zipinda, ndipo pang'onopang'ono kudzaza izi "komanso nthawi yake idzakhala yodzaza mphesa. Kukhala pansi moyenera pansi sikungapatse madzi ophatikizika kuti alowemo oyandikana nawo omwe ali pansipa.
Pakadali pano, zochitika zonse zokonza ndi izi: Mulingo wa jenda m'bafa ndi malo okhala ndi ofanana. Malinga ndi eni ake, malire a malowa, mzere wolumikizira pansi wosiyanasiyana umawoneka wowopsa, osati kofunikira kupunthwa pa springs m'malo okwera kutalika kwa okwera. "Ngakhale mabingu sakhala otopa," Tikuyesera kuti tisakumbukire zodziwikiratu za kutaya pang'ono kapena kunyowa kwa zipinda, za zokambirana zokhala ndi makoma, ndalama zosakanikirana ndi ndalama zokonza nyumba ndi / kapena yakunja. Komanso, chifukwa cha kuwonekera kwa nthawi ndi madzi, pang'onopang'ono kumataya mphamvu ndi kubereka asanawononge nyumbayo, kuchuluka kwa anthu ochepa omwe akuganiza. Ndi chifukwa cha zifukwazi zodzitchinjiriza kwa pansi zipinda za zipinda zonse ndi zolumikizana zamadzi, zimbudzi zodziwikiratu, zimbudzi komanso makhitchini.
Malinga ndi dipatimenti ya Moscow, ziwerengero zochulukirapo za zochitika zadzidzidzi (89%) - Bays. Akutsogolera m'magawo a inshuwaransi. Malipiro akuluakulu okhudzana ndi ngozi amagwirizanitsidwa ndi ngozi zamadzi makina amadzi - 65%, amatentha - 14%, chimbudzi - 10%. Chifukwa chake, mukamakonza, ndikofunikira kupita ku makonzedwe a madzi oyendayenda, pambuyo pa ntchito yayikulu yomanga: Kusamutsa magawo kapena kumanga malo owonjezera, ndikulumikiza madzi ozizira , Kumaliza kwa ntchito yamagetsi, kuyimitsidwa pansi (ngati pali chosowa chotere), koma musanalowe m'makoma.
Chithunzi k. Manko. | 
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Zachilengedwe
Madzi oyambira kwambiri azachuma kwambiri amachitidwa kuchokera ku zolaula. Maziko a makatoni awo, galasi cholester, fiberglass kapena shelweven polyester fiber (polyester), mbali zonse ziwiri zomwe phula losinthidwa limagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zinthu zotere zimabweretsa makampani ambiri; Mwa wotchuka kwambiri, monga "Filiichangel chomera", "a Inofelex", "a Isafvikol" (Allyani), index (Italy). Mtengo wazinthu zapakhomo zimasiyana mkati mwa 25-100 rubles. Kwa 1M2, zachilendo, kangapo.
Mapeto | 
Mapei. | 
Mapeto |
1-3. Makalata onyowa onyowa pogwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe osiyanasiyana: 2), masticn mastic (1), zinthu ziwiri zotetezeka (1), zokhala ndi mafilimu ) Ndi kufalikira kwa madzi a acrylic.
Chovala chokhomedwa chimakhala cholumikizidwa, chikuwoneka ndi chouma. Lembani m'njira zingapo. Mwachitsanzo, guluu lingatumikire phula la mastic kapena phula lakumbuyo lakumbuyo kwa intaneti, lomwe, atatenthetsa, burner gasi imakhala yofewa komanso yomata. Ndikosavuta kugwira ntchito ndi zomata zodzilimbikitsa (mwachitsanzo, "zotchinga OS", "Tehtonikol"). Ndikokwanira kuchotsa filimu yotsutsana ndi zomatira kumbali yosinthira, ikani pamalo okonzedwa ndikugubuduza. Kuonetsetsa kuti muli ndi matayala abwino kwambiri okhala ndi maziko, yomalizirayi imakutidwa ndi primer (yomwe, komabe, siyikuletsa komanso mukamagwira ntchito ndi mitundu ina yokulungira). Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosintha pang'ono za ortic Ortic: "Primer Lormer" ("Ryazan CRZ"), "prica" ("Isoflex"). Amakhala ndi mphamvu zodzitchinjiriza kuposa phula. Mafuta apakhomo amachepetsedwa ndi mitengo yotsika mtengo (mafuta, palafini, mzimu woyera). Ziyenera kukhala kwenikweni, chifukwa zinthu zonse zothetsera ndi zinthu zoyaka zophatikizika, ndipo zimatentha.
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Zojambula zokutira zogubuduza:
A-Na-Nampate (ngati mukufunikira, wosanjikiza wamkulu) amathiridwa ndi burashi kapena wodzigudubuza;
B-adagubuduza mpukutuwo kuti zikholire kapena thovu sizipangidwa pa chirombo;
B-rolling ndi wodzigudubuza wolemera;
A Rolls amathiridwa pamodzi (10 cm);
D-Mothandizidwa mosamalitsa malo ochulukirapo ndi odzigudubuza, pomwe guluu udzapangidwa kuchokera ku seams.
Zovuta pakupanga ngalande zakumbuyo ndikuti ndizosatheka kuyika matayala a ceramic, mossic, linoleum ndi zida zina zotsirizira. Choyamba muyenera kupanga chingwe cha samenti. Kuphatikiza apo, yankho la simenti silimapanga zomatira bwino ndi mawonekedwe a phula, ndipo ingogona pa chosanjikira madzi. Mwa kutsitsa makulidwe a "kuyandama" kuyenera kukhala 4cm. Kupanda kutero, simenti ya simenti sikhala ndi mphamvu yofunikira ndipo siyingayime anthu osamba, makina ochapira, chimbudzi, ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri. Dziweruzireni nokha: Kusamba kwa chitsulo chachitsulo, kudzazidwa ndi madzi, - 250-350kg. Katundu yemweyo sanagawidwenso kudera lonselo, ndikuyang'ana pa mfundo zinayi. Ngati palibe makulidwe ndi mphamvu zofunikira, zowala m'malo awa zimatha kusokonekera pamodzi ndi matayala anthawiyo atayikidwa. Kusefukira kwamadzi ogudubuza mu bafa yoyenera ngakhale pamafunika luso lina, koma sizitengera masiku osapitilira 1 ndi makonzedwe. Nthawi yofunikira kuti musangalale ndi ma swala komanso kukhazikitsa mphamvu zomwe mukufuna masiku 8. Vitoga kuti agoneke matayala kapena zokutira zina zomaliza zimatha kukonzedwa pokhapokha 1 mes.
Lozika lokokol | 
Lozika lokokol | 
Lozika lokokol | 
Chithunzi E.lichina |
4-6. Hydro-Insting Tepi ndi pulasitala yochokera ku Canvas imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza mankhwala amphamvu ndi mapaipi ndi ophatikizidwa mwachindunji ku kapangidwe kake.
7. Zabodza ndi zonama zochokera ku zotayira zopeweka ndizofunikira kupanga zolimba zokhala ndi makoma, zingwe zolumikizira, pansi pa polojekiti v. Bukilskyky, Wopanga A. Plutin).
Kukhazikika kwa zotchingira zakuda zimatengera zomwe zimapangidwa. Ruberberoid, yomwe imakhazikitsidwa pa kakhadi, idzalandira zaka 10-15. Zipangizo zochokera pagalasi lolester ndi polysieter-: zaka 25 3-30. Adzachita ntchito zawo mpaka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa polima kwa ma polima, osasunthika sadzakhala osalimba ndipo sangayambe kugwa. Pali nthawi yopitilira muyeso, ndipo zonse zitha kuchitika kachiwiri.
Lingaliro la katswiri
Pakati pa zinthu zambiri zosiyanasiyana zomwe zidaperekedwa pamsika wapabanja, phula lofukiza lokutidwa ndi magetsi atakhala motalika. Mwachitsanzo, zakuti "Isoplast P" (EPP-4,0) yokhala ndi malo olimbikitsa a madenga a Gussia mu chipangizo cha Russian mu chipangizo cha Russian mu chipangizo, magetsi, Zojambula, mapelo ndi ngalande. Monga momwe zovuta zothandizira ma media ndi kusamvana kwa kutentha, zimasunganso zinthu zosachepera zaka zosachepera 25-30. Chifukwa chake, poyikidwa mu "wowonjezera kutentha" wa bafa mnyumba yokhala ndi kutentha kosalekeza ndi kusinthasintha kwadzidzidzi (pambuyo pake, kutayikira kwadzidzidzi sikuchitika tsiku ndi tsiku), kumatumikiranso nthawi yayitali. Madandaulo ambiri ndi zotsatira za kuphwanya malamulo aukadaulo ndi antchito osavomerezeka opangira ma Brigade (zomwe zikuwoneka kuti zikuwoneka bwino, zimapangitsa kuyabwa kosakwana 10, musatiyambire pamakoma kapena mogwirizana). Ntchito yolephera yochitikira imatha kunyengerera, ngakhale zinthu zabwino kwambiri.
Oleg berezin, dipatur Generactor of izofleks-m
Nthawi ndi ndalama
Zipinda zodyera, posachedwa, nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zipinda zonyowa "zonyowa" nyumba ndi nyumba, zidalandira dzina lawo malinga ndi njira yomwe amafunsira. Awa ndi opindika kapena osakaniza opukutidwa omwe amasanduka misa yopangidwa ndi phala mutakhala ndi madzi. Amaphimba maziko okonzedwa ndi ochepa kapena zigawo zingapo (0,5-5mm) ndi burashi kapena spatula. Mwanjira ina, pewani kufunika kotetezedwa ndi madzi. Pambuyo pokana, nyimbozo zimapanga wosanjikiza madzi. Pali kosavuta komanso mwachangu kuti mugwire ntchito momveka bwino, makamaka m'malo ochepa osambira mabafa tambiri ndi mabafa kuposa zida zogulira. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mtundu uliwonse uli ndi mawonekedwe.
Chuma cha chipinda chosalala cha "chonyowa" papangidwe lamatabwa:
2- Mailosi amisala;
3- exoxy grout ya seams;
Gawo limodzi guluu;
5 - Guluu;
6-simenti yolimbikitsidwa yolumikizidwa;
Zinthu 7 zolipirira;
8- nembanemba yopanda madzi.
Chida chonyowa "chonyowa" zinthu zapakati:
2- Kutayika kwa guluu.
Zinthu zitatu zolipirira;
4- tepi yolimba;
5-Cement Cent 5-Olimbitsa Cemer adakonzanso mabwano;
6- Zingwe zokutira zakumadzi;
7 Kusintha zinthu pakukonza chiwembu.
Phula la Maticn- "Flaheticht" (Kniaf, Germany), Isauly (index), Russia), "wachibale wapafupi" adafuula. Amapangidwa kuchokera ku phula lamatumba ndi kuwonjezera kwa okhazikika, mafayilo ndi ma polima omwe amawonjezera kutupira. Magazinics amapanga bwino kwambiri ndi maziko kuposa masikono okhwima, osagwirizana ndi zinthu zakunja, komanso amafunanso dongosolo lotsatira. Guluu la sile silimapanga clutch lodalirika lokhala ndi phula. Izi pafupifupi zomata zangwiro za zomata zamitundu ndi simenti kapena simenti yopanda madzi: "Elimc-Bod-Bod-BodOstop" ("oyembekezera") (") ) Madzi am'madzi 820 (Kreaisel, Germany), Osmoflex Ab (index). Malinga ndi kusasinthika, misa imeneyi ndi yokongola. Ayigwiritse ntchito ndi spatula mu zigawo chimodzi kapena ziwiri. Zotsatira zake ndi zophimba zolimba kwambiri, sizoyenera kusamba pang'ono, komanso kusamba ndi pallet kuchokera ku ma tallec tiles kapena moshic, chifukwa cha mbale zamadzi zosalekeza. Mphamvu yowonjezera ya madzi osungirako simenti imapatsanso gululi pakati pa woyamba komanso wachiwiri. Nthawi yowonekera musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito zokutira zomaliza mu izi ndi 2-5 masiku. Maunameti a polymer mastic (mpaka 48 h). Amawoneka ngati utoto, komanso pamtunda womwe amagawidwa ndi burashi kapena wodzigudubuza. Ichi ndi Hidroflex (lolokol), mapegum wps (mapeiitaly), cenesit cl 51 (Henkel, Germany), KRABANY). Nyimbozo zimapanga madzi owonda kwambiri (0.5-1mm) ndipo adapangira makoma ndi pansi shafa, mabafa, mabafa, mabafa, mabatani. Kumbukirani kuti ndizosavuta kuwononga chosanjikiza: chida chotsika kapena kuyenda mokwanira, pomwe mastic amadziunjikira, ndipo pazida zam'maso ndizochepa kwambiri, zimatha kuyambitsa kukhulupirika kwa madzi.
Lingaliro la katswiri
Kukonzekera kwa mapangidwe apamwamba kwambiri kumadalira kulondola kwa ambuye ndi chiyero. Chifukwa chake, ndondomeko ya simenti iwiri ya polymes, zigawo za (mwachitsanzo, osakaniza ndi simentamezati) Lowani mu mankhwalawa, ndikofunikira kusakaniza chidebe cholongosola , pomvera mosamalitsa mndandanda wa ntchito, yowuma: Sakanitsani, osakanikirani kwa mphindi zochepa, sakanizani ndipo pambuyo pake zitatha kugwirira ntchito. Zochitika zake: Nthawi yamadzulo idayandikira, ndipo yankho lake silinathe. Amaponyedwa. Pambuyo popumira, gawo latsopano limasakanizidwa mu chidebe chomwecho. Chifukwa chake, gawo lachiwiri - ndalamazo zimatayidwa pamphepo. Kupangidwa kwakale kwatsopano kumangokhala zinyalala chabe. Wosanjikiza wamadzi owoneka bwino ngati madzi akavalidwa. Kumudana chilichonse chatsopano, ndikofunikira kuchapa bwino chidebe chogwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuti musinthe ntchito ya zomaliza za kumaliza, pali chifukwa chachindunji chogulira masanjidwe, odzaza ndi zidebe, omasuka kukanda. Chifukwa chake, gawo lililonse la kapangidwe kake limakonzekeretsa chidebe chotsimikizika komanso popanda kusokoneza.
Nikolai Efimenko, Woyang'anira malonda a Condion Center
Yosalala, yoyera, yowuma
Mawu omwe amalongosola maziko okonzedwa moyenera asanagwiritse ntchito njira iliyonse, muyezo, ngakhale izi sizikuchepetsa tanthauzo lake. Pamwamba sikuyenera kukhala ndi zotupa zakuthwa, zipolopolo ndikugundika. Kuvomerezeka kovomerezeka sikuposa 2mm. Kuyesera konse kumalumikizana ndi maziko, ndipo munthawi inanso yomatira kumayambitsa kuwonjezeka kwawo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mtengo wonse wokonza. Fumbi, linanso litagwira tinthu tating'onoting'ono, zotsalira za zofunda zakale zomwe zimawomba modetsa zimachotsedwa mosamala ndi chotsuka. Dothi limagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zopangira. Chofunikira pansi chinyezi - 4%. Chinyezi chochuluka pambuyo pa ntchito yopanda madzi lidzakhala mkati mwa kapangidwe kake ndipo chidzathandizira kuti kukokoloka kwake, kungoyambira, kutaya msanga. Maukadaulo atsopano ayenera kusamalidwa (simenti-Sandy - masiku 28) kotero kuti njira zonse zama shrades komanso kuthekera kwa mapangidwe a mapangidwe achepa.
Omanga N.Shevchenko Chithunzi N.Cerrbyakova | 
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Mapei. |
8. Kumakona kwapamwamba ndi makhoma awiri okha ndi njira yosavuta komanso yothandiza. Koma pankhaniyi, kuthirira kwamadzi sikufunikira pansi kokha, komanso makoma a bafa, makamaka omwe nthawi zina amagwera m'madzi nthawi zambiri.
9. Pambuyo kusakanikirana kokwanira, matope a Smort Center amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi burashi kapena trowel, ndikupanga zigawo ziwiri zoonda.
10. Osakaniza a CETRE KWA KUKHALA KWA KUKHALA NDI MALO OGULITSIRA.
Malo owopsa owopsa ndi zolumikizana za malo opingasa ndi ofuula, makamaka akalumikiza zida ziwiri zozungulira, monga pansi pa konkriti ndi makoma kuchokera ku GCL kuchokera ku GCL. Mafuta otere amatchedwa mosiyanasiyana. Mphepete mwa mawonekedwe a pansi zimalumikizidwa m'njira zamakina, chifukwa chake, chifukwa chosiyana pakuwonjezera kwazinthu zomwe zili zolumikizira, ming'alu nthawi zambiri imapangidwa, ndipo madzi nthawi yomweyo amawapeza. Zipangizo wamba zosafunikira sizimatha kupirira katundu waukulu pa nthawi yopuma. Chifukwa chake, musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito mastic, mapewa onse amasankhidwa ndi riboni yapadera. Yatambasulidwa ndi kupatulidwa kwa nyumba ndi kuchepetsedwa atabwerera kumalo. Kulimba kwa mafupa kumasungidwa.
"Malo Omanga Saint-Goben Rus" | 
Mapeto | 
Lozika lokokol |
11-13. Zingwe zosamadzi za seams zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zotulukapo.
Zikhale zovuta
Nthawi zina omanga nyumba amapereka pansi kuchimbudzi ngakhale, koma ndi tsankho laling'ono pansi pa bafa, ndikulimbikitsa izi chifukwa cha mankhwala ochepa, amatulutsa malo otseguka, ndipo izi zidzawapangitsa iwo kuti achitepo kanthu. M'malo mwake, lingaliro lotere likuchitira umboni wosakhulupirika kwa gulu lankhondo, lomwe likukalipo kanthu likadagwira ntchito yomwe madziwo adzawonekera, ndipo saganiza, kunena, kunena, kuchokera ku zovuta za pansi, kuchokera zomwe kukhazikika kwake kumakhudza ndikuwonjezera ngozi.Maziko a maziko amapangidwa pokhapokha makwerero amaperekedwa pansi zipinda zonyowa. Ichi ndi chinthu chomveka bwino. Mnzanu wa makwerero adzawotcha madzi pansi, ndipo kanyumba kamasamba pa mlanduwu ukhoza kukhazikitsidwa popanda pallet molunjika pa matayala. Koma ntchito ngati izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri m'nyumba za anthu. Mitundu, kapangidwe kotereku kumafuna kukweza kwa pansi, chifukwa bowo la chitoliro limapezeka kutali kwambiri ndi pansi. Kuphatikiza apo, matepi kuchokera pamakwerero ayenera kukhala ndi kukondera pang'ono.
Lingaliro la katswiri
Kupanda kusefukira kwa bafa kumatha kuonedwa kuti ndi chuma chantchito chomwe chimateteza anansi kuchokera pansi kuchokera ku kutayikira komwe kumatheka. Timalimbikitsa kuti muchepetse malo onse opingasa ndi zipinda "zonyowa". Malo osamba a khoma kuchokera kwa Aceid, ma pulasitiki, ndiye kuti, zinthu za m'mimba, m'nyumba zathu sizachilendo. Nthawi zina, amatenga chinyezi mosavuta. Mwachitsanzo, m'nyumba za nyumba yakale pa khoma la pulasitiki kapena lokutidwa, limayang'ana bafa, mutha kuwona utoto wofufuzira, pulasitala kapena madontho kapena madontho oumba. M'malo ano, koma m'mbali mwake, ndege yamadzi kuchokera kusamba imagwera pakhoma la bafa. Ngakhale kuti mawonekedwe ake amapezeka ndi mataiti a ceramic kapena moshic, madzi kudutsa seams omwe amachitidwa ndi ma grount sile amatha kulowa pansi pa matayala. Amapewa pamenepo, kuchokera pomwe ndizosavuta kusinthiratu, ndiye kuti, kukhitchini. Kudzikuza kwa malo otsekemera onse a Santechkabina kudzapulumutsa ku mavuto otere. Ndikofunika kwambiri pankhaniyi, zinthu zomwe zimangogwiritsidwa ntchito kukhala ndi katundu wabwino komanso nthawi yomweyo adsuon kwambiri (clutch) ndi zomatira ndi simenti. Mabukuwa amagwirizana ndi zophatikizana ndi zitsulo zopangidwa ndi zitsulo kapena simenti.
Alexander akubwerera, malo osungirako malo
Ndani amayang'anira zingwe zowonongeka?
Munthawi za Soviet, m'manyumba atsopano, otumizidwa, mutha kukhala ndi moyo nthawi yomweyo. Kupaka, chitofu cha kukhitchini, pansi, pepala pamakoma - zonse zinali m'malo mwawo, kuphatikiza omwe amaperekedwa ndi snop, pansi ndi mitengo yamtunda. Tsopano nyumba zambiri zatsopano zimafanana ndi mabokosi opanda kanthu popanda magawo, omwe ali ndi matenthedwe amatentheka ndi kupezeka kwa madzi, mapaipi a mapaipi ndi pansi osalala. Azadach makonzedwe malinga ndi malamulo omanga ndi zofunikira zimasinthidwa kwa eni nyumba.
Nthawi zina m'nyumba zatsopano, bafa ndi kapangidwe kake komangidwa. Kanyumba katatu womalizidwa, wopangidwa ndi kallet wa konkriti ndi mbali ndi makoma kuchokera ku atceid kapena pulasitala, amaikidwa m'bokosi la njerwa kapena konkriti musanayambe kukweza. Pankhaniyi, mbali ya pallet ya pallet imapanga njira zofunikira. Komabe, gulu lathu la compatriot ndi chikhumbo chowonjezera kudera la bafa, nthawi zambiri amawononga cab yomwe idamangidwa. Pallet imakhala yocheperako kuposa malo osungirako bafa, ndipo amatsukidwa. Chifukwa chake, pansi pa bafa imatembenuza ndege za onjenjemera, zomwe ndizofunikira (!) Ndikofunikira kuti mupange madzi.
K KINAUF. | 
Mapei. | 
Mapei. |
14. The flacheticht (Kniaf) ali ndi chotsatsa chabwino ndi mawonekedwe okutidwa ndi dzimbiri komanso mizu yonyowa pang'ono. Zopangidwira kunja ndi ntchito zamkati.
15-16. Polymer-simenti oyenda m'matumbo amapangidwa pamaziko a zotayika zamadzi (15). Polymeric atagwiritsa ntchito pamtunda ndi kusintha kwa madzi omwe ali mkati mwawo kumasinthidwa kukhala filimu yoonda, yomwe imasunga katundu wamadzi pamtunda woberekera komanso mawonekedwe a ming'alu yaying'ono (16).
Chonde dziwani: ngakhale kutsatsa pang'ono mu kanyumba komangidwayo kumabweretsa zotsatira zosasangalatsa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri pamapangidwe pali gawo pakati pa bafa ndi chimbudzi. Ili ngati gawo la kumangiriza makhoma awiri. Pambuyo kuwonongedwa kugawana, mapangidwe ake amakhala phula: makhoma awiri kuchokera ku mapepala osakhala osafulumira. Zachidziwikire, zopangira makoma zimakhala ndi kusinthana kwina ndipo kumatha kuwonongeka kwapang'onopang'ono, osawononga. Koma zonse zokhazikika pa masheya oyang'anizana, mashelufu, magalasi, kumira, kumira, kulibe kusuntha kotere, motero kumatha kukhazikika kukhoma, kotero kumatha kukhazikika kukhoma ndi kugwa. Hydiyenely, ngati izi zikuchitika pa kusapezeka kwanu ... aees, nenani, "riboni" si makoma, ndi mapaipi (makomo, zisa) ozizira. Ndani adzagonjetse madzi? Kodi ndiopulumutsa apamwamba kwambiri pankhaniyi? Pakadali pano, lero pali njira zambiri zotsitsa zamadzi. Ngati tikhala ndi ma sechera apadera a malo omwe mungaseweretse, kukhazikitsa mavavu a electromagnetic kapena mavesi a mpira wokhala ndi magetsi, panthawi ya ngozi, zokhazokha zimalepheretsa madzi. Tidzanenapo za izi mwa manambala otsatirawa.
1-wosanjikiza zinthu zosanjikira;
Riboni 2-elastic m'makona;
3-pulasitala pafupi ndi dzenje lokhetsa;
4-guluu;
5- Mailosimi.
Mitundu ina yophimba madzi ogwiritsa ntchito mabafa
| Dzinalo, Wopanga, Dziko | kulongosola mwachidule | Chiyambi | Kudya, kg / m2, ndi masamba 1mm | Kukonzekera kwa nkhopeyo mpaka kumayambiriro, H | Makilogalamu, kg. | Mtengo, pakani. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mapegum PPS. (Mapei, Italy) | Takonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe owala | Ma shertboard shot, gypsim, magnesia, amwambo ndi simenti, mafuta, gasi ndi mabatani ang'onoamba, owerengeka a tiles | 1.5 | 12-24. | 5/10/25 | 980 / 1800 / 4400. |
| "BElotekekt" (Kniaf, Germany) | Takonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zili pa rable-bitn emulsion | Konkriti, ma plasters (laimu, simenti, gypsum), gryk, gwl ndi mwala, zotalika, polyireboam, zitsulo zolimba, zitsulo | 1.5-2.4 1- pa glc | zinai | 6. | 1150. |
| Hidroflex. (Lirikol, Italy) | Takonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe amodzi potengera zitsulo zopangidwa | Maungwe a simenti kapena pulasitala, malo ochokera ku pulasitala, glk, GVL, mapanelo matabwa | 1,3 | 24. | 10/200 | 1950 / 3750. |
| Cerere Cl 51. (Henkel, Germany) | Takonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito polymer madzi misa | Konkriti, minda ya simenti-yamchenga, njerwa ndi miyala, miyala yokulungika kwa pansi, GLC, GVL, GVLUM SIes, Gyptum Plaster | 1,4. | khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi | fifitini | 1700. |
| Osmoflex ab. (Index, Italy) | Kuphatikizika kwapadera kwa elastic timer | Konkriti, simenti-mchenga ndi pulasitala, piya, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga nembanemba yopanda madzi, okonzeka kumaliza | 1,6 | 12 | 33.7 thumba 25 + 18. kabokosi 8,7 | 4650. |
| SPro DSF 523. (Sopro, Russia, Poland, Germany) | Elastic simenti ya elasticle simenti yopanda madzi osakaniza | Mafati a Mineral adapangidwa ndi konkrati | 1.4-1.5 | 4-6.5 | makumi awiri | 3200. |
| "Stmimex yoteteza mbali" ("Ophunzira", Russia) | Kusakaniza kwa osakaniza mchere wamchenga wolemetsa mchenga, mankhwala owonjezera | Konkriti ndi miyala | 1,7 | 48-96 | 5/25 | 195 / 825. |
| "Glimc-Bodrostop" ("Glims", Russia) | Dulani wouma HMEL | Baptist, Kemenny, Kippy, Chithunzi | 1.5 | 24. | 4/20 | 206 / 827. |
| Ardex s 1-k, (Ardex, Germany) | Takonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito kupezeka komwe mulibe | Maziko osiyanasiyana (makhoma ndi pansi) pansi pamtima | 1,1 | 12 | 16/18 | 1900 / 350. |
| Superflex 1. (Deitrmann, "Zogulitsa Zomanga-Goern-Goern Rus", Russia, Finland) | Takonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito mafilimu okhazikika poyimitsidwa pazinthu zopangidwa ndi zinthu | Zida za mineral, zokutira zakale zam'madzi, zokutira za khoma zomwe zili ndi gypsum, pansi | 1,6 | 24. | 24. | 4750. |
Otsatsa akuthokoza "divils", "Isofen", "Mapeinol, gulu la Cnauf Con kuti lithandizire pokonzekera zinthu.
Zinthuzo zakonzedwa molingana ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku wa owerenga patsamba la "Pangani malingaliro atsopano."