Inkqubo kunye nokukhethwa koomama kuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zomthi njengento yokwakha. Siza kukuxelela okungakumbi malunga nendlela yokwenza indlu epholileyo.
Izibonelelo kunye nokungalunganga kweenkuni
Ifoto: I-Depositphotos.
Lo mthi unyulelwe njengezinto zokwakha ngenxa yezinto zayo ezingenakuphikiswa. Inamandla aphezulu, kodwa inzuzo esezantsi ephantsi, ke inyangwa ngezixhobo ezisikiweyo. Lo mthi ubambe kakuhle ubushushu kwaye ungabalekisi izandi zesithathu zombutho wesithathu. Ifakwe, ipeyintiwe, i-lacale, icocekile. Ixhaphakile kwimiphumo ye-acids kunye ne-alkalis. Ubumnandi bendawo entle yendawo yeplanga kudala intuthuzelo kunye nentuthuzelo endlwini.
Nangona kunjalo, njengezinye izinto zokwakha, umthi uneengxaki. Xa womisa, ubungakanani bezinto zeplanga ziyancitshiswa, kwaye phantsi kwesenzo sokufuma, ngokuchasene noko, sanda. Ngenxa yokususwa okungalinganiyo kokufuma komswakama emahlathini, kuvela oomatshini, ngenxa yokuba kuvela phi ii-rocts. Kwaye ekugqibeleni, umthi uyoyika umlilo, umthi wesinambuzane kunye nefungi. Ezi mpawu zomthi zithathela ingqalelo ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo kunye nomhombiso olandelayo.
Imithetho ngokubanzi gqiba
Ukugubungela umphezulu wangaphakathi weendonga zomthi kunye nezixhobo zokugqiba azimfuneko. Zisetyenziselwa ukufaka indawo, okanye ukuba ibha okanye iilogo zikhangeleka zingathandekiyo. Ukuba uvale iindonga zenkuni, gcina engqondweni: Itekhnoloji yale nkqubo yahlukile kwikhonkrithi kunye neendonga zezitena. Umahluko xelelwa iipropathi zenkuni.Masiqale ngezindululo jikelele:
- Ukwenzela ukuthintela ukuthotyelwa kwezinto zezinto zokugubungela, i-trim iqala emva kokuphela kwe-shrintage yeNdlu;
- Ngaphambi kokuba ugqibe eludongeni yintlupheko;
- Ukuze ibumba ayikhanga endlwini, izixhobo zokudlulisa zomoya ziyasetyenziswa (xa zisebenzisa izixhobo ze-hermetic, i-ventila enyanzelekileyo ihlanganisene, kodwa oku kukhokelela kwiindleko ezongezelelweyo);
- Kwizindlu ezincinci ukunqanda ukugqitha umthwalo obaliwe kwisiseko kunye neendonga, izinto ezilula zisetyenziswa;
- Inqanaba lekhonkrithi lenziwa ngokwenyani yokuba ikhonkrithi emva komonga iba sisimo esimiselweyo, kwaye umthi uqhubeka eshukumisa yonke inkonzo yobomi beNdlu, engowonakaliswe kwizigqibo kunye nomonakalo kwizinto ezakhiwo zinokwenzeka;
- Udonga lwakudala luvavanywa ngokuqatha kwindlu yakudala. Nika ingqalelo kumacandelo awahluke ngombala, ukungcungcutheka kunye nokuthungwa;
- Ukuba iinkuni zenkuni, ziyayitshabalalisa ngaphakathi. Umzekelo, inqaku lakhe lamabhungane, iimbovane zenkuni okanye iibhotile ezivela kubunzima. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, zibhekisa kwiingcali zenkampani yokwakha eyakhiwe ngokwakhiwa kwezindlu zomthi. Baza kumisela unobangela womonakalo kwaye bancede bawaphelise.
Yintoni i-shrinkige kwaye iphelisa nini?
I-Shrinkage kukutywina kweendlela zesakhiwo esenzeka phantsi kwempembelelo yobunzima bayo. I-Shrinkage inciphisa izithuba phakathi kwezinto okanye i-bar, esenza ukuba indlu yomelele.I-Shrinkage yenzeka kubo bonke ubomi beNdlu, kodwa uninzi lwayo - kwiinyanga zokuqala emva kokwakhiwa. Ixesha lexesha elisebenzayo lixhomekeke kumthi womthi, umswakama wayo kwinqanaba lokwakha, ubukhulu kunye nohlobo (i-log yelogo, i-bar enesidima), ixesha lonyaka apho imisebenzi yenziwa khona imisebenzi yolwakhiwo.
Indlu eyenziwe ngomthi enobude obuziimitha ezi-3, ezakhiwe kwilogo eliqhelekileyo, kwisigaba esisebenzayo esimalunga ne-10 cm, ukusuka kumaplanga asebenzayo, ukusuka kwi-6 cm, ukusuka kwi-Bit yomiswe kwigumbi elikhethekileyo - nge-2,5 cm.
Ngexesha le-shrinkige esebenzayo, ukugqiba imisebenzi yenzekile ukuba ingasebenzi kwaye ingabi nazixhobo zonakalisayo. Emva kokuphela kwayo, utshintsho lubalulekanga kwaye aluchaphazeli umsebenzi wokugqiba.
Ngokomndilili, i-shrinkaged shrinkid yezindlu zomthi imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: Indlu evela kwi-Bar ye-GLue iphela emva kweenyanga ezi-3, ukusuka kwi-wiba eqhelekileyo kunye nonyaka omnye kamva.
Ukuphela kwe-shrinkage esebenzayo kugqitywa ngokulinganisa ukuphakama kweendonga. Ukuba ngaphakathi kwiinyanga ezi-2-2 xa ukulinganisa umlinganiso wetayile, ukuphakama akutshintshi, i-shrinkage iphela.
Kutheni iindonga ze-canopate?
Ifoto: I-Depositphotos.
Iindonga ze-canopite zokuphelisa izithuba phakathi kwezilog okanye zebar kwaye zandise ikhusi lobushushu beNdlu. Njengoko izinto zokutywina zisebenzisa intambo ye-jute, idlule, ukudlula, moss, ifletan kunye nezinye izinto.
I-Jutut iqine, ayizonakalisi izinambuzane, akabola. Kodwa kuqiniswe, yiyo loo nto izithuba phakathi kwezingodo ziphinde zakhiwa kwakhona. Ezinye ii-masters ibanga ukuba intambo ye-jute ayikho kuyo yonke impahla. Ke ngoko, bathi, isetyenziswa ngokugqitywa kwangaphakathi njengomhlobiso, kwaye phakathi kwezithsaba "zokufakwa" okwenyani ".
Ipali inomsebenzi ophantsi wokuphumelela, ayikhathalelwanga kwi-fungus, kodwa isebenza nzima emsebenzini, kwaye imithungo ihamba nayo inefom engathandekiyo. Ukongeza, indinyana iyakukhalimela iintaka xa ziza nezidleke. I-punch ikhusela ukusuka kwi-fannege, yangqengqa iindonga ezingaphandle kwebhodi.
Iziva igcina ishushu kwaye ayiphosi ivumba. Kwimizuzu-ithethwe kukuba ukubola kwaye yonakaliswe yi mol.
Moss ineepropathi ze-antiseptic, iqinile, kodwa ifana nepass, thanda iintaka.
Eyona nto ilungileyo ye-cacopa yi-SISPA, eyenziwe kumagqabi amagqabi e-AGAVA ekhula kumazwe anemozulu ye-subropical, kunye ne "Manila Rope", eyenziwe ngeentsapho ze-BAAKI). Kodwa ezi zinto zibiza kakhulu kunale ingentla.
Iindonga ezizalelweyo ziyitolo kabini: emva kweeveki ezimbalwa emva kokwakhiwa komda onqunywe kunye nonyaka emva kokuphela kwenqanaba lokusebenza elisebenzayo. Izindlu ezivela kwibhaji yenzuzo ziyingozi kwakanye-emva kokuphela kwe-shrinkage.
Canopate ngaphandle nangaphakathi. Qala apha ngezantsi. Ukuthintela iindonga ezifudumeleyo, ziqwalasele isithsaba kwelinye icala kwaye ngoko nangoko ziye kwelinye icala.
Emva kwekhapa, indlu iba ngaphezulu kweesentimitha ezininzi. Kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha, izinto ezibekwe phakathi kwezithsaba ziyancitshiswa, kwaye isakhiwo siya kuwa. Kukwenu kwendleko zale nto ithe qengqelekayo ekwakheni iipropathi zentengiso.
Ukulungisa ukuphela kwe-shrinkage emva kweCACOPA, ukuphakama kweendonga kulinganiswa ngamaxesha. I-Shrinkage ithathwa njengemisiweyo ukuba ukuphakama akutshintshanga kwisithuba seenyanga ezimbini. Ke unokuqalisa ukugqiba.
Zeziphi izixhobo ezisetyenziselwa umhombiso wangaphakathi?
Ezona ndawo ziqhelekileyo zokugqiba zinamava, iiphaneli zodonga, i-plasterboard. Batsibela umoya, bakuthinteli ukwakhiwa kobumba kunye nokubonakala kwefungus.Nokuba kukhetho lweenkuni, likhuselwe kwangaphambili kwi-fungus kunye ne-fulls yingoma ye-antiseptic, kunye nokuchasana komlilo kunyuswa ngeflash.
Ungayilungisa njani izixhobo zokugqibela?
Izixhobo ezibomeleleyo kumphezulu weendonga okanye kwisakhelo. Inketho yesibini ikuvumela ukuba ubeke i-suble i-wiring i-wiring kwaye wenze indawo phakathi kodonga kwaye uchithe ukujikeleza umoya kwaye womiswe ziindonga.
Phakathi kweendonga kunye nophahlashi bashiye umsantsa we-2-4 cm ububanzi beengxaki kunye nezakhono zexesha lolwakhiwo. Ukucaciswa kuvaliwe ngophahla lwe-plaring.
Ukuba isakhelo sisetyenziswa, iintonga nezinambuzane zingaqalwa kwindawo phakathi kwesitovu esigqibileyo kunye nodonga.
Iimpuku eziphantsi kwesigqi ekugqitywe zibekwe kukhetho lwendalo, ezi "abakhweli" abathandi. Ukukhusela i-wiring kumazinyo abo abukhali, ucingo lubekwe kwimibhobho yesinyithi.
Ukukhusela indlu kwimithi yomthi, iindonga zinyangwa ngezimo ze-antiseptic eziqukethe i-biocides. Olu xinzelelo lungenelwe kakhulu kwisakhiwo somthi, ukudala ungqimba, apho izinambuzane zingangenisi.
Iimbovane kwi-antiseptics azisabelanga. Kubo, indlu ikhuselwe kwinqanaba lokwakha, ukupakisha kwigridi encinci yesithsaba sokuqala secawa.
Ibhodi
Ifoto: I-Depositphotos.
I-lining yibhodi enqabileyo yokungazibhokoxa enxulumene nomgaqo-nkqubo we "Spike-Groove", oko kukuthi, i-protrusion (i-spike) ye-Recess (Groove) yomnye. Kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, iindonga zangaphakathi zeemoto zabahambi zazityunyuzwa zezi skidi ezinjalo, ukusuka apho kwaye igama lalihamba.
Iprofayile, i-lining yahlulahlulwe yangama-auro adit. Ikhadi le-Woodry elecry lixhotywe ngemigca yomoya wexesha elide ukuba isuse i-vember. Ukongeza, inomntu onzulu ukuze xa esomisa, izithuba phakathi kweeplanga ezenziweyo.
I-Lineng ye-Woophu, ukuba yomisiwe yimo yokoma yendalo, inika i-shrinkage, ngenxa yesazisi esivela phi. I-lining yomiswe kwiziko elikhethekileyo lamagumbi, i-shrinking ebonakalayo ayizukuba njalo. Ukuqukumbela: Fumana amaqabaka e-cunder.
Qinisa i-lineng kunye nezikhonkwane, isikhafu sekrww okanye kwizicwiti.
Qinisa ngokungapheliyo kwisakhelo se-crate. I-chedi ethe tyaba iyayindisa igumbi, nkqo ithe nkqo yenza ukuba uphahla ngaphezulu.
Xa iworkshop ethe tye, umsebenzi uqala ukusuka kwisilingi, eyalela ii-rooves zebhodi ukuze uthuli alunazinto zifakwa apho.
I-Triming ethe nkqo ukusuka kwikona. Ibhodi yokuqala ilungisiwe ngezipikili, kamva ivala indawo yendawo yokuncamathisela ngeplanga yokuhombisa.
Ibhodi yokugqibela ifakishwa ngezipikili, ivala iplanga lokuhombisa. Ezo ziqwengana, iikona zokuhombisa kunye ne-prints zivaliwe nazo zonke ii-engile zangaphandle nezangaphakathi kunye namalungu.
I-lining igutyungelwe ngeprimer, emva koko ipeyinti okanye ivarnish.
Ukugqiba ngeephaneli zodonga
Ifoto: I-Depositphotos.
Iiphaneli zodonga zisetyenziswa xa ugqiba amagumbi amakhulu. Kulula ukudibanisa kwaye kukuvumela ukuba ugubungele ngokukhawuleza iindawo ezinkulu. Abayili bayabathanda ngemibala eyahlukeneyo kunye nokutshekisha okuvumela ukudala iincumeri ezahlukeneyo kwizakhiwo.
Ubungakanani bokwahlula, iTile kunye neephaneli ezinamagqabi. Ngokwezixhobo zemveliso-i-bamboo, iipaneli ezenziwe ngamaqhezu amahle okhuni (i-MDF), i-chipboard (i-chipboard), iglasi, isikhumba, isikhumba, isikhumba.
Kwindlu yomthi ene-ventilation yendalo, iipaneli eziguqukayo zomoya zisetyenziswa: i-Woodn, MDF, Chipboard. Ezi zixhobo zithintela ukwenziwa kobumba.
Iglasi-impahla enzima, ayisetyenziswanga kwizihlunu ezinqabileyo. Ukongeza, iglasi ayikroli umoya.
Iiphaneli zeplastiki zomoya ezinobunzima, ayoyiki mprop, amaqondo obushushu ahla. Khetha Khetha "Ngaphantsi komthi" ojongeka ngokufanelekileyo kwindlu yomthi.
Iphaneli yesikhumba "ukuphefumla". Banika igumbi igumbi elikhethekileyo le-chic kunye nexabiso elinobunewunewu, ngenxa yendlu nganye yeWappen ejongene nomthi. Ukongeza, ziindlela.
Bopha iipaneli kwifreyine okanye kumphezulu weendonga, ukuba zigudile. Iindlela zokubumba zixhomekeke kwinto leyo. Iipaneli ezikhanyayo zigcwele okanye zityalwe iibakaki, iinzipho ezinzima zifakwe kwaye zikhutshiwe ngokuzithandela.
Iimpawu zokusetyenziswa kwe-plasterboard
Ifoto: I-Depositphotos.
I-Plasterboard sisitovu se-gyppum, esibekwe kumacala omabini ngekhadibhodi enobunzima. Iphepha le-Plasterrs linokunqunyulwa, libonelwe kwaye lixhamle.
Coca iindonga nge-plasterboard, ujonga le mithetho ilandelayo:
- Ifakwe kwifreyimu yokudada (yokutsala) isakhelo. Nge-shrinkage, ayitshintshi ukuphakama, ngoko ke amaphepha e-plasterboard akazange angonakaliswa. Le ndlela isetyenziswa xa igqitywe ekupheleni kwenqanaba lesigaba esisebenzayo, kuba indlu yomthi iphantsi kwenkqubela phambili yexesha elithile.
- Isakhelo sokutsala. Iiracks ezithe nkqo azikhoboka phantsi kunye nophahla, kodwa ngomsantsa we-4-5 cm ngaphezulu nangaphantsi. Kwiprofayili, ii-gooves ezithe nkqo ziyi-5 cm ubude, ezikrokreza isikhafu esikhawulezayo kwizikhephe, kodwa hayi "ngokuqinileyo". Ukuba udonga luyehla, emva koko i-storlid kuyo iya kuhamba ecaleni kwe-Groove, kwaye isakhelo semakhishithi esiqhotyoshelwe kuyo siya kuhlala sendawo.
- Kukho izithuba ezi-2 mm phakathi kwamashiti owomileyo-kwakhona njenge-inshurensi ngokuhamba kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo eendonga. Izithuba ziyaphuziswa.
- Amaphepha e-Plasterboard apeyintiwe okanye agutyungelwe ngephepha lodonga, avelise kwangaphambili amajoyina.
Umgangatho wekhonkrithi kwiNdlu yeWoodn?
Ifoto: I-Depositphotos.
Umgangatho wekhonkrithi uneengenelo ngaphezulu komthi. I-craks yokugqibela, ithenga, ityhila ukubanda kuye kwiintsuku zeqabaka. Ikhonkrithi ihluthwele ezi zithintelo, kwaye nayiphi na i-caides inokufikelwa kuyo.
Umgangatho wekhonkrithi kwindlu ye-wwnen pour:
- Ngomhlaba, ukuba izithuli zazibolile;
- Phezu kwentsimbi, ukuba inamandla;
- Ngaphezulu komgangatho womthi, oko kukuthi, yenza i-tie.
Indlu yomthi na emva kokuphela kwexesha elisebenzayo, i-shrinkage iphantsi kwentshukumo yexesha elithile, umgangatho wekhonkrithi wenziwe ngaphandle koqhagamshelo olunzima kunye nekhonkrithi phakathi kwekhonkrithi kunye neendonga.
Paul emhlabeni
Ngaphambi kokugcwalisa phantsi, umhlaba ususiwe, umhlaba ulala igravel okanye rubble. Ngaphezulu kwesanti yomgubo. Emva koko ukuluka izinto zokwenza amanzi, umzekelo, i-polyathylene ye-greenhous, enodonga ezindongeni ngaphezulu komgangatho wexesha elizayo.Ukupheliswa kwamanzi kubekwa ekuphelisweni kwamanzi, ukwabelana ngomphezulu kwi-strip 1m ububanzi. Iibhendi zithululwa ngekhonkrithi, zishiya izithuba ezindongeni kwimeko yengxaki, emva koko yenza isitshixo-kunye nezithuba, okanye zomile.
UPawulos kwiLagha
Ngaphambi kokuba ibeke phantsi, ngaphezulu kwe-lag, indawo phakathi kwabo izaliswe yintlabathi okanye igrabile, i-tamper kunye nekhonkrithi. Emva koko yenza i-scred, njengakwimeko yangaphambili.
I-Stred kumgangatho wamaplanga
Ukutsala kumgangatho weplanga kwenziwa emva kokulungiselela ngononophelo. Iiplinth zikhutshiwe, iibhodi ezikhutshelweyo zinamathela kwi-lags ngokuzoba, imifuno ivala i-acrylic itty. Isini emva koko sigutyungelwe ngezinto zokwenza amanzi ezindongeni, ukuphalazwa kwamanzi kunye nenqanaba elinomgangatho wokuncwina kwe-5 cm kunye nezithuba phakathi kweendonga.Ukugqitywa kokugqibela kubekwe kwi-tie: i-linoleum, limile, i-parquit, iibhodi.
Ukugqiba isilingi
Ifoto: I-Depositphotos.
Ngeehotele zokuhombisa, iplastaboard isetyenziswa, iiphatho zeplastiki, iiphaneli ze-MDF, iiphaneli zodonga lweenkuni.
Izinto ezenziweyo zifakwe kwimibandela emibini yezinto zeTrim. Kukho ukutshiza, isitya kunye nokuphuma kwamanzi phakathi kweendawo. Iindidi eziphambili zezakhiwo ziyanyikima, umgangatho kunye neepaneli zepaneli.
Uphahla lwentambo luqhotyoshelwe kwimiqadi yokugqobhoza ngoncedo lweendawo okanye iiracks. Izitenxo ezincinci ziphelisa, zibeka imiphetho eyenziwe ngomthi phantsi kwekhreyithi. I-Wiring Forcet phantsi kweTrim.
Umgangatho wokuhamba phantsi uxhonywe kwisithsaba sokusika, hayi kwimigodi engaphezulu. Faka isicelo ngolungelelwaniso lophahla lweSikwere esincinci. Yenza ubukhulu be-1.0 cm ubukhulu. Kwiibhodi, i-hydro kunye ne-insulator ifayili ifakwe.
Ukutyalwa kwephaneli kwenziwa ngeephaneli. Baqokelele phantsi. Emva koko kufakwe imiqadi ethengisayo, ilungisa kwakhona. Ngenxa yoko, uyilo lwekhubalo olufunyenweyo lufunyenwe.
Ke ngoku uyazi ukuba i-Inter yezakhiwo kwiNdlu yeWoophu zineempawu. Zingenxa yeepropathi zenkuni njengezinto zokwakha. Ukuba uzijonga, indlu yeplanga iya kukukhonza ixesha elide ngaphandle kokulungiswa kunye notshintsho, kwaye iya kukhululeka kwaye ipholile nangaliphi na ixesha lonyaka.
Abahleli bebulela inkampani "yokulungisa" ukuze bancede kulungiselelo lwezinto.