Ngaphambi kokuba wonke umntu agqibe kwelokuba agubungele uphahla lwendlu yelizwe ngeTile eguqukayo, umbuzo awuboni kakuhle: Yintoni onokuyijonga xa ukhetha izinto ezithile?
Ifoto: Tehtonol
Uninzi lwabathengi abanokubakho banomdla kwi-GARY REMOW, i-curly "yokucheba" kweenkukhu kunye neendleko zokuhamba kwe-250 ukuya kwi-ruble engama-250 ukuya kwi-ruble ezingama-250 ukuya kwi-ruble ezingama-250 ukuya kwi-270. I-1 m2. Ewe kunjalo, zonke ezi paramitha ziyafuneka kwaye zibalulekile, kodwa ayonelanga ukufumana i-phahla yophahla oluphezulu kunye nophahla oluhlala ixesha elide.
Olona khetho lufanelekileyo lunokuthathwa njengemveliso kunye neseti ethile yeempawu. Ewe kunjalo, le yimbonakalo yobuhle kunye nexabiso elifikelelekayo, kwaye kwangaxeshanye ukuthembeka, ukumelana nemozulu, ubuhlobo bokufakelwa kwendalo, ukuthotyelwa komgangatho, kubandakanya ukungena kwi-2015 Gost I-32806 -2014 "i-tules floumous". Ukukhetha kuya kuba nobuchule ngakumbi ukuba ucacisa abathengisi kwaye bahlalutya iimpendulo zabo kule mibuzo ilandelayo.
Ifoto: Tehtonol
1. Ngokusekelwe kweliphi i-bitumen?
Namhlanje, imarike yasekhaya isebenza iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-bitumes yokuveliswa kwe-tiles eguquguqukayo. Le yi-bigumed ye-oxidd kunye ne-sbs. Yintoni ukungafani kwabo? I-bigumed bitmen ifunyenwe ngokuqulunqwa komthetho (oxidation) yobunzima bendalo. Emva koko ixhomekeke ekufudumeleni ukuya kwi-90 åãs, enibonayo, kakhulu. Kwaye iipropathi ezinobuhle obuphezulu ziyivumela ukuba ibambe ngokuthembekileyo kumphezulu womphezulu wokukhusela kunye nokuhlobisa kwelitye lelitye. Ayisiyonto iphambili ukuba uninzi lweethayile eziguquguqukayo kwintengiso yethu zenziwa ngesiseko salo. Ukanti siphawula ukuba kumantla e-lattitudes, inja enjalo i-pinta iqengqeleka kwaye ilahlekelwe kukukwazi ukuziqhelanisa nokuguquguquka kwamaxesha ngamaxesha kwizakhiwo zeRafal. Kwimimandla enemimandla ethobekileyo, ngaphandle kweqondo lobushushu ngequbuliso lihla, iya kusebenza ixesha elide (iwaranti kwimpahla ekukhokeleleni abavelisi be-60).
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba isitokhwe simahla samanzi emvula ukusuka eluphahleni, kuyafuneka ukucoca i-matersutter kunye ne-finnels njengoko zivaliwe. Ifoto: Shutterstock / ifoto
I-Polymer SbS-Momoisiers (i-styrene-styrene okanye irabha yokufakelwa) iziswayo kwimveliso ye-bitumed ye-SBS (i-styrene-styrene-styrene-styrene-styrene-styrene-styrene-styrene-styrene-styrene okanye irabha ye-polymer), emva koko ifumana iipropathi zePolymer. I-Bitumen Fragesity incipha iyakhula, kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukuthembeka kophahla kunye nobomi benkonzo bayo bunyuka. I-bitude ye-sbs ye-sbs eguqulweyo igcina ukumelana nobushushu kwi-100 le-12 ° C kunye ne-elaistity kwiqondo lokuhlala ukuya kwi-25 ° C. Ipropathi yokugqibela ikuvumela ukuba wandise ngokubonakalayo isandisa ixesha lokwakha kunye nokuqokelela eluphahleni lwexesha lokubandayo, ngaphandle kokuthintela umsebenzi kude kube yintwasahlobo, ichithe ixesha kuqeqesho lophahla. Nangona kunjalo, iindleko zeethayile kwi-bitumen ekhethekileyo, xa kuthelekiswa nezinto ezikwi-bigumed ye-oxidd, ngaphezulu kwe-20%, kunye ne-100%. Kubavelisi abakhulu be-tiles eguquguqukayo, uluhlu, njengommiselo, kubandakanya izixhobo kwi-bitumed anuzid kunye ne-sbs. Ngayiphi na imeko, ukwenza ukhetho olufanelekileyo, kuya kufuneka ubuze ixabiso lokuchasana nobushushu bokukhathazeka okuthile, kwaye ngaphezulu kungcono.
Intsomi, indlela egudileyo yophahla ifunyanwa ngenxa yokuxuba kwe-basalt pellets epeyintwe ngemibala eyahlukeneyo. Ifoto: Katepal.
2. Luyintoni uxinzelelo lwesiseko ukusuka kwiglasi yeglasi?
Amandla e-tile eguqukayo abonisa umaleko wokunyanzeliswa komculo weglasi. Kwizixhobo ezisemgangathweni eziphezulu, uxinano lwayo alungaphantsi kwe-100 g / m². Lo mvelisi wedatha ubonakalisa ukuthengisa izinto ezihamba kunye okanye amaphepha ezobuchwephesha kwiimveliso. Ukuba akukho lwazi ivenkile, kufanelekile ukungena kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni yomenzi kwaye uqhelene nedatha yobugcisa kwimodeli ethile ye-tile. Le milinganiselo ixabisekileyo, njengommiselo, ungadluli kwi-125 g / m2. Olona tshintsho lubalaseleyo aluvumeli i-bitumen ukuba ungawudluli umsebenzi wokunyanzeliswa.
Kwizakhiwo ezikhulu eziya kusebenza iminyaka emininzi, sicebisa ukuba sikhethe i-guil eguquguqukayo kwi-bitumed ye-sbs. Inqaku layo eliphambili - ukuqina. Ukongeza, i-elastiki kwaye inokusolulwa ngaphandle kokutshabalalisa kunezinto ezikwi-bigumed ye-oxid. Oku kunika ithuba elibalulekileyo xa ufaka uphahla, apho amaqhinga anyanzelwa ukuba abonakale emzimbeni. Izinto zokwahlulahlula izinto ze-oxidges kunye ne-sbs-iguqulwe lula. Ngokwaneleyo ukuthatha iisampulu ezimbini kwaye ubashukumisele ezandleni zakho. Okwesibini kuya kuba ngeplasitiki ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa nowokuqala, kwaye uqaphele umahluko, akunyanzelekanga ukuba ube yingcali.
I-Oksana Dmiterieva
Intloko yentengiso kunye nentengiso ekhethekileyo ye-Isparive ye-katepal, tilcor, Revoncea kwiRussian Federation
Iigoni zeetayile ezifudukayo zilungele ukugubungela eluphahleni lwazo naziphi na iimilo: ukusuka kwi-duppex elula ukuya kwi-Domes, ezenziwe nge-cone-imile, i-chispheres kunye nolunye ucwangciso. Ngaphandle koku, isixa senkunkuma ngexesha lofakelo siya kuba mncinci - kuphela malunga ne-5% kuphela. Ifoto: Tegola.
3. Yeyiphi impahla ekhuselweyo kunye nomboniso wethayile eguqukayo kwaye indlela ethembekileyo ngayo igcina ngaphezulu?
Ukusuka kwifuthe le-Ultraviolet rays kunye nomonakalo woomatshini, ii-biguemen ze-biguemen ze-bitumen zokukhusela ukubhukisha ukubhukisha. Kule nqanaba lelona shale ixhaphakileyo kunye ne-basalt grane. Isilayidi sipeyintwe ngendlela yemichiza, kwaye ekuhambeni kwexesha, imithunzi yayo inokuhlala ngaphandle. I-Basalt Granules ifumana umbala kwinkqubo yokudubula kubushushu obuphezulu, kwaye ihlala ingatshintshi lonke ixesha lokusebenza. Ukongeza, i-basalt grante ilunge ngakumbi "iqengqele" kwi-bit, inyusa umtsalane weethayile kunye nenkonzo yenkonzo. Lo ngumhlaba weminerali engaphantsi kokukhusela uphahla luvela emlilweni xa i-space evela kwiziko okanye indawo yomlilo iwela kuyo.
Uphahla lwepistol lukhawulezisa i-tele
Ukongeza, iya kulibaziseka eluphahleni lwekhephu lasebusika endle eluphahleni, ukugcina ubushushu endlwini, kwaye entwasahlobo iya kuthintela inkqubo ye-Avalanche-njenge-Avalanche-Njenge-Shrub kwaye iqhekeze izihlahla kunye imithi ikhula kufutshane. Ngaphambi kokuba uthenge i-tile, akunyanzelekanga ukuba ujonge ukuba kukhawulezelwe ukuba igcinwe ngokukhawuleza kangakanani kwi-bitumer. Phosa isandla sakho seentlobo ze-thole ezahlukeneyo kwaye uthelekise indlela amaqhinga ahlukaniswe ngayo. Kwangelo xesha, khumbula ukuba ngexesha lofakelo kwaye kunyaka wokuqala wokusebenza kukho ishawa yendalo yendalo, kodwa ingabi ngaphezu kwe-10%.
Isiseko esiphantsi kokubekwa kwe-shingles yeethayile eziguqukayo ezifudukayo kufuneka zome, ziqinile, ziqinile kwaye zigudile. I-Dases ukuphakama kwe-OSP okanye i-FSF akufuneki idlule kwi-1-2 mm. Ifoto: Katepal.
4. Lineminyaka emingaphi ishishini, ivelise i-goile eguquguqukayo, kwaye yintoni amandla ayo emveliso?
Nika ingqalelo kuhlobo oluzisiweyo kuhlobo lweethayile eziguqukayo ze-turity, kwishishini elikukhuphayo. Musa ukuba livila ukuya kwindawo yesityalo, fumana izizathu apho ifumaneka khona (eRussia okanye phesheya) kwaye yintoni umthamo wayo wokuvelisa. Iinkampani ezincinci ezivelisa iithayile zingaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 zisinika isiqinisekiso sobomi bonke esijongeka ngathi uthandabuza.
Inkqubo ye-tn-shinglas yeklasi ye-tn-shinglas ye-attic ye-attic. I-1-Flexible yeTekhnoloji yeTekhnoloji ye-shinglas; I-2-Anderep Series Sen; 3 - Umgangatho wamaplanga (i-OSP-3, FSF); 4 I-4-I-Insoom enqatyisiweyo; I-5-inyawo rate. Ifoto: Tehtonol
Nika ingqalelo kuluhlu lwezixhobo zenkomfa: Ukulala kunye nokuphelisa iikhaphethi, i-mastic, iifilimu kunye nee-membranes. Uluhlu olubanzi lwamacandelo-uphawu lwendlela enkulu yokusebenza. Mamela iingcebiso zabahlobo abakhethe i-tule yophawu oluthile kwaye baqinisekile ngomgangatho wayo ngamaxesha aliqela. Phakathi kwabavelisi abakhulu beli phenyane lwezinto ezibonakalayo tekhtoikol. Uqale ukukhululwa kwethayile eguqukayo phantsi kwe-shinglas brand ngo-2000, kwaye namhlanje imithamo yemveliso engama-50 yeemveliso ezingama-50 ngonyaka.
Ifoto: I-Owens copting
I-goring yokuqala ye-Tegola Iqucor ivele ngo-1976. Okwangoku, kwiakhawunti yayo engama-14 amashishini kunye neeofisi zabameli kumazwe angama-73 ehlabathi. Imbali yesityalo sokuveliswa kweethayile ezithambileyo kunye nezinto ezithambileyo ka-Katepal zaqala ngo-1949. Kwiminyaka engamashumi amathandathu, i-gost yosapho elincinci liphuma kwishishini elikhulu laseYurophu nelaseRussia. Inkampani eyenziwe yemveliso yamacandelo "CRZ" ineminyaka engama-48 yamava ekwenzeni izinto zokwenza uphahla kunye nophahla olutshintsho eluphahleni.
Isityalo seRuflex, esiyinxalenye yoMbutho "uDiana", baqala imisebenzi yayo ngo-1991. Namhlanje iQeqesha ekukhululweni kweethayile eziguquguqukayo kunye nezinto ezifanayo. Ukhetho ngumntu ngamnye. Abanye abathengi bahlala besoloko benikezela ngeemveliso ezingeniswayo. Abanye bazama ukuthenga izinto ngomyinge wexabiso elifanelekileyo kunye nomgangatho. Enye yeenzuzo ezibalulekileyo zeTile yaseRussia lixabiso elamkelekileyo apho kukho imisebenzi yesiko kunye neendleko zokuhamba ezifanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kuyanelisa ukuba imakethi yokwakha yasekhaya ibonelela ngempahla nganye.
Nceda uqaphele ukuba ngaphambi kokunyusa iipallet ezinethayile ezifudukayo, kunqweneleka ukugcina kwigumbi elomileyo elivaliweyo, kwiimeko eziya kuthi ziqinisekise ukhuseleko lwephakheji kwaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, kuya kuthintela ukuboniswa kwelanga elapha. Inyani yile yokuba kwicala elingaphantsi kwe-shingle nganye kukho i-glue thermoude. Iipropathi zayo zibonakaliswa kubushushu obuphakamileyo. Ukugcinwa kwindawo ekhuselekileyo kwimitha yelanga, kuthintela ukuqaqamba ngaphambi kwexesha. Le nkqubo kufuneka iqale emva kokulala. Emva koko izinto ezenziwa ngokuthe ngcembe zenziwa ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye zenza uphahla lwe-monolithic kunye nophahla lwe-hermetic.
Aryom Azarov
Ingcali yezobuchwephesha ye-feetriner "ye-cottage kunye nolwakhiwo olusezantsi", kwingingqi yeMoscow, inkampani yeTetenikol
I-Thele eguquguqukayo yengqokelela yeCologne, uthotho wegolide (Döcke Pie), umaleko omnye (387 ruble / m²). Ifoto: Döcke Pie
5. Ithini iqonga lewaranti kwi-tele eguquguqukayo?
Kwangelo xesha ngokufunyanwa kweTile ye-biminous, umthengi kufuneka afumane isatifikethi sewarati eneenkcukacha ezinyanzelekileyo kwizixhobo (umhla wokuthengisa, igama, inombolo, ikhowudi yeqela) kunye nenkampani yomthengisi (igama , idilesi, umnxeba, ummeli wefio, isitampu esityikityiweyo). Ukongeza, kufuneka kubhalwe isatifikethi, kwimeko apho umthengi uya kufumana imbuyekezo, yimalini kwaye ngaluphi uhlobo. Ukuba umenzi unika isiqinisekiso sobomi bonke, kodwa ukuba ingene kwaye inxibelelane nemeko yentlekele - ayicacanga, akunakwenzeka ukuba le nto inokuthathwa njengoxwebhu oluninzi.
Kukufanelekile ukuthathela ingqalelo into yokuba iwaranti ayisebenzi kwiziphene ezivele ngenxa yothutho, inkonzo, ngenxa yokutyibilika kwesakhiwo, isiphoso esiqhubekayo , Iintlekele zemvelo kunye namanye amachasi. Nangona umngcipheko onxulunyaniswa nomonakalo wezinto ezizezophulelo zetekhnoloji yenkqubo yemveliso, umenzi uthatha ifuthe ngokupheleleyo. Kwangelo xesha, igama lesiqinisekiso saseburhulumenteni malunga nophahla oluguqukayo lunokuba lude: Ukususela kwiminyaka emi-5 ukuya kwengama-60.
Kwinqaku
Ukuze i-aptic ifudumele ngokwenene, kukho iplate yokufakelwa ikhekhe lokuphumla. Ifilimu yefilimu ye-vapor phantsi kwawo ikhusela ukungena komswakama kwi-attic. I-membrane yokulinganisa ngaphezulu kweepleyiti ithintela imozulu ye-suble ngaphandle kwegumbi kwaye inegalelo kwimveliso ye-steam ngaphandle. I-Thele eguqukayo inika ukuqina, ukuqina kwale nkqubo iphela kunye nenkangeleko yomtsalane.
Ukuqokelelwa kweTango Ifoto: "Tokhnikol
Iithayile zengqokelela ", i-antik", uthotho "ngaphandle" (i-ICOPal), i-rubler enye (465 ye-ruble / m²). Ifoto: ICOPal
Ukuqokelelwa kweTile "Western" (I-Tebnikol Shinglas), ii-ruber ezimbini (1201 rubles / m²). Ifoto: Tehtonol
Ingqokelela yeTetris Tile, i-ries elula (Döcke Pie), i-rubwer engatshatanga (277 i-ruble / m²). Ifoto: Döcke Pie
Ukuqokelelwa kweTile "kwilizwekazi" (i-Tebnikol Shinglas), ii-ruber ezintathu (1735 rubles / m²). Ifoto: Tehtonol
"I-TIILE" I-AMRT "I-AMRT" I-AMRT "I-AMTALT (Katepal), Umaleko omnye (636 ruble / m²). Ifoto: Katepal.
Ukuqokelelwa kweTle "Kolchugaga", uthotho olulula (i-Döcke Pie), i-rubler enye (i-310 ruble / m²). Ifoto: Döcke Pie
Ukuqokelelwa kweTile ", uthotho" ngaphandle "(i-ICOPal), i-rubler enye (465 ruble / m²). Ifoto: ICOPal
Ukuqokelelwa kwethayile 'yelizwe "(i-shingnikol shinglas), ii-ruber ezimbini (449 rubles / m²). Ifoto: Tehtonol
I-tile ye-tile "i-foxy" (i-katepal), umaleko omnye (406 rubles / m²). Ifoto: Katepal.
Ingqokelela yeTle "Alaska", i-Nordland Series (Tegola), u-Rule-Malter (480 rubles / m²). Ifoto: Tegola.
Ukuqokelelwa kweTile "i-Flamenco" (i-Tebnikol Shinglas), ungqimba olunye (421 rubles / m²). Ifoto: Tehtonol
I-tile "i-futuro", uthotho oluphezulu lwe-shingle (i-tegola), umaleko omnye (255 rubles / m²). Ifoto: Tegola.
I-Tile River (Katepal), i-Alberi Prones, Malule ezimbini (838 rubles / m²). Ifoto: Katepal.
Ukuqokelelwa kweTile "Crohn", uthotho olulula (Döcke Pie), uLawulezana (336 rubles / m²). Ifoto: Döcke Pie
