Chapakatikati komanso kugwa mochedwa, komanso mvula yambiri yotentha, nyumba zonyamula anthu ambiri zimasefukira. Nthawi yomweyo, malamulo, mabedi a maluwa, ma track ndi zibadwe za nyumba zimavutika. Makina opatsirana pamtunda amathandizira kuthetsa vutoli.
Chithunzi: A Legion-Media. Zinthu zazikulu zam'madzi zimatsekedwa ndi ma grates. Amayikidwa mu mzere m'mphepete kapena (pang'ono nthawi zambiri) kudutsa malo otsika pomwe manyowa amadziunjikira. Nthawi zambiri opanga mawonekedwe amagwiritsa ntchito njirazi ngati mtundu wa zokongoletsera, kusiyanitsa mowoneka ndi thandizo lawo
Chithunzi: A Legion-Media. Zithunzi zachitsulo ndi pulasitiki zimakhazikika ndi zomata zosapanga dzimbiri ndi zomangira ndi mabatani apadera
Kutalika kwa ngalande kumapangidwira kumaso, ma track, maulowa, pa malo apanja amphamvu (chifukwa cha zosangalatsa, malo oimika magalimoto), ndipo nthawi zina ndi pa udzu. Dongosolo limakhala ndi njira zosaya, pomwe madzi amayenda mumchenga, kenako amachotsedwa ndi mapaipi a pansi pa pansi pa mpumulo, mumsewu kapena ngalande. Network yotere imathandizira kuti achotsetsetsetse mvula ikagwa komanso ngakhale pang'ono kuchepetsa madzi omwe ali ndi dothi ndipo potero amachepetsa chikopa cha chisanu.
Chithunzi: A Legion-Media. Ponyani macheta a chitsulo sadzaphatikizidwa ndi ma tray: amasungidwa chifukwa cholondola komanso kuchuluka kwa misa
Choyamba - kuwerengetsa
Chithunzi: Akvroy. Pa maulamuliro ndi oyenda pansi ndi ma tray oyenera okhala ndi kalasi ya pulasitiki A15
Musanakhazikitse njira yowonjezera, ndikofunikira kufotokozera komwe kuli pamtunda ndikupanga dongosolo mwatsatanetsatane momwe malo omwe amapezeka, mchenga ndi ziwalo zobisika zidzawonetsedwa. Mukamasankha zigawo za zinthuzo, ndikofunikira kuchita maxkisic, poganizira kuchuluka kwa mpweya, kutalika ndi malo otsetsereka a njira. Kuwerengera kotereku kumatha kukwaniritsa akatswiri ochokera kumakampani omwe amapereka zigawo za njira zoyambira (mtengo wa ntchito - kuchokera ku Rubles 10,000). Ndizomveka kuyika osachepera 30% pantchito yomwe ili pa bandwidth - ndiye kuti dongosolo lidzalimbana ndi mvula yambiri ndipo imatsekedwa.
Pa dothi lomwe limakhala ndi bwino kuchita popanda mchenga: Zinthu zazikuluzikulu izi zidzasamukira kumaso, ndipo maziko ndi ofunika kwambiri kwa iwo ndi okwera mtengo. Ndiosavuta kuphatikiza mapaipi mwachindunji kuti ayendetse ndikusinthasintha dongosolo pafupipafupi.
Pansi pa ma freek ovala kutsanulira, komanso m'malo omwe, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mpumulo, kuchuluka kwa madzi ndikotheka, zotengera zazing'ono zomwe zimayikidwanso mapaipi pansi.
Kodi ndikofunikira kupulumutsa?
Pamene chida cha mzere chokhalitsa, ma DCM ambiri amayesetsa kuchita popanda zigawo zapadera. Mwachitsanzo, dongosolo la 20-30 masentimita kuya kuya kwa 20-30 cm ndikuwadzaza ndi miyala. Kapena kuyika m'nthaka ya Asbestos - simenti yotsika mtengo kapena chitsulo chotsika mtengo kuchokera ku pvc kapena chitsulo choyipa, komanso m'malo mwa ofunafuna mvula, mbiya zina zopanda mvula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Komabe, madzi amtengowo amasunthika mwachangu ndikusiya kugwira ntchito, ndipo amayenda popanda zophimba kuzimiririka kuzungulira malowa, ndikupuma ndipo musakongolere malowa. Kutuluka kwa zida zoyambirira sikugwira ntchito bwino ndipo nthawi zonse kumafunikira kukonza, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndalama sizimadzilungamitsa zokha.Pulasitiki kapena mwala?
Chithunzi: A Legion-Termu Media
Makina olima pamtunda amakhala ndi ma traves ofunda, ofunafuna mvula, ma sandwickers ndi mapaipi osokosera. Zogulitsa kuchokera ku konkriti ndi pulasitiki zimaperekedwa pamsika. Zitanthauzira zabwino ndi zowawa za iwo ndi ena.
Njira zamapulasitiki (makamaka kupanikizika kochepa polyethylene) ndizotchuka kwambiri. Amalemera pang'ono, chisanu, chikuyenda ndipo amawerengedwa ndipo amawerengedwa osachepera zaka 15. Amiyala oyenda pansi, zopangidwa ndi kalasi ya kalasi ya A15 idzakhala yoyenera (malinga ndi European Staver En1433), polowera B125 ndi C250. Mapepala apulasitiki pamadothi aliwonse amafuna maziko odalirika (olimbikitsidwa okhazikika), popanda omwe amapumira, kusweka komanso ngakhale kuthyola katundu. Mtengo wa malonda umayamba kuchokera ku ma ruble 380. Kwa 1 tsa. m (ndi hydraulic gawo 100 mm).
Chithunzi: "Hydrostroy". Kukhetsa Channel Cheagral: 1 - mchenga; 2- miyala; 3 - Mchenga wa konkriti; 4 - Tray; 5 - grille
Maulendo amatsekedwa ndi pulasitiki kapena zitsulo. Njira Yokwanira ndi zophimba zosapanga dzimbiri, zomwe zimaposa zaka 30. Gallenated chokhalitsa (zaka 10 mpaka 15), ndi pulasitiki, ngakhale osati dzimbiri, koma sioyenera malowedwe aometive moder ndipo ngakhale mumitundu yoyenda ndi chipale chofewa.
Zinthu zigawo za ma CRARTET za kupanga fakitale zimakhala zokhazikika komanso zolimba. Amapangidwa chifukwa cha kukhazikika; Ma tray amapangidwira katundu wambiri, kupatula zitsulo kapena ndodo ya pulasitiki. Misa yofunika (1 m - pafupifupi 50-120 kg) ndi nthawi yomweyo kuphatikiza mwatsatanetsatane ndi ma cell netrec: mbali imodzi, zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kukhazikitsa (nthawi zambiri muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njirayo), inayo, iyo imapereka zodalirika pansi. Machesi a konkriti aphatikizidwa, kusindikiza ndi guluu wa simenti kapena kanyumba kanyumba, ndipo yatsekedwa ndi chitsulo chachitsulo kapena choponyedwa; Life Life Life Life moyo wa Ntchito Yomanga - Zaka 50.
Chithunzi: "Altok". Ponena za misewu ndi alley, yomwe ingadutse zoseweretsa zolemera, ndiye kuti ndibwino kugula zinthu za CL250 kapena D400
Mtengo wa zigawo za konkriti siikulu kwambiri (thireyi yakusintha ndi 100 mm ndi 1 m yayitali ma rubles 650), koma mtengo woyikapo ntchito ndi nthawi 1.5-2 kupitilira nthawi ya pulasitiki.
Comprosite (polymer konkriti ndi mvula imatulutsa kuchokera pa sitementi-polyme osakaniza ndi mafilimu osiyanasiyana (nthawi zambiri ndi galasi kapena chiberekero cha diberi). Zinthu ngati zoterezi ndizosavuta, pulasitiki komanso pulasitiki yolimba ndipo, ngakhale ali ndi mtengo wokulirapo (kuchokera ku ma ruble 1250. Kwa 1 mir), onse amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga nyumba.
Pamwamba pa ngalande yamadzimadzi imalephera kutsika kwambiri pansi pamunsi pansi. Cholinga ichi ndi mobisa pansi kuchokera pa mapaipi ozimilira, kutola madzi kuti alandire bwino, komwe chinyontho chimatuluka ndi pampu kupitirira malire a gawo lakumalo
Ponena za bungwe la ngalande yapansi panthaka, mapaipi osoka ochokera ku PVC yokhala ndi mainchesi 100-150 mm ndi yoyenera pacholinga ichi, wokhala ndi makulidwe atatu a 3 mm.
Zolemba
Chithunzi: A Legion-Termu Media
Makina otayika pamtunda ndi abwino kwambiri kukhazikitsa nthawi yomweyo ndi ntchito. (Patsamba lokonzedwayo lidzawononga pang'ono pamsewu, osapewa kuwonongeka kwa masidiwo.) Kukhazikitsa kumayambira. Mulingo womwe umasungidwa umakhala wogwiritsa ntchito chingwe: Maulendo amafunika kupereka malo otsetsereka a 0.5-1% polowera kwa ofunafuna mvula. Kenako matamba akukumba ndipo zodetsa zimamangidwa. Pamadera ouma oyenda, wosanjikiza wa simenti-Sandy-Sandy-Maument ndi 10 cm. Pa dothi lolowera, komanso pa tepi yodalirika imafunikira - kutalika kwa masentimita 15 , yolimbikitsidwa ndi ndodo zinayi zachitsulo zokhala ndi mainchesi 8 mm. M'lifupi mwake munthawi iliyonse iyenera kukhala 5-10 cm kupitilira mulifupi. Omaliza amakanikizidwa mu konkriti wamadzimadzi, kusakaniza kotero kuti zitunda zolumikizira (kapena mivi mbali) zimayendetsedwa kutsika. Yambani kuchokera ku tray ija, yomwe ili pafupi ndi pansi pa njira. Mapaipi okwerera pansi panthaka amapakidwa m'matanthwe pa piloni. Ngati pali mwayi, ziyenera kuwotchedwa pansi pa kuya kwa choyambirira cha dothi - ndiye kuti dongosolo lidzagwira ntchito pasika, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti malowa adzaumitsa mwachangu chisanu.
Chithunzi: Madzi. Chifukwa cha achifwamba a misasa, sangwe ndi ma polyethylene ovutikira (PND) amatha kukhala owoneka bwino kwambiri omwe amachitika pomwe dothi limachitika. Ndi makoma ndipo pansi pa mawonekedwe apadera amathandizira odalirika ndi konkriti wa ngalande
Zolakwika zoikika zimaphatikizapo kukhazikitsa zikwangwani zosakhala ndi maziko kapena pa maziko osadalirika, popanda malo otsetsereka kapena osokoneza bongo, komanso osalimbana ndi zinthu zina.
Mtsinje wa Free
Makina amakono ndi polymer racerege rayms, pomwe madzi amawononga dothi mosavuta, ndipo malalanje amachedwa zinyalala zazikulu. Komabe, pakugwa, imayenera kuchotsedwa mosamalitsa ku zisoti za masamba ogwa, kutsatira momwe zinyalalazo zimatha kugwera. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kulemba sandcloths chaka chilichonse zaka 2-31 iliyonse - dongosolo lonse, kuphatikizapo mapaipi a pansi panthaka omwe amasambitsidwa ndi ma jets. Nthawi yomweyo, kuteteza kukula, bowa kumakhala komveka kutenthetsa pamwamba ndi matenda a chlorine kapena chida kuchokera ku nkhungu. Njira zolondola, makamaka zigawo zamakona, zimafuna kukonza pafupipafupi: Afunika kufunsa chaka chilichonse, kapena ngakhale kawiri pachaka - kumapeto kwa nthawi yayitali.
Chithunzi: A Legion-Media. Traway imakwezedwa kuti chipindacho sichikukwera pamwamba pa malo oyandikana nawo, ndipo adapezeka milimeter ochepa pansipa
Chithunzi: Aco. Mafuta a Polymer Conkrete amatha kukhala ndi ma cell osapanga dzimbiri, amatha kupirira kulemera kwa galimotoyo
Chithunzi: "Paki yapamwamba". Mapepala apulasitiki amatsekedwa ndi mabokosi kuchokera kuzomwe zimayambitsa zitsulo. Pazinthu za zitsulo zanu siziyimaima: Zokutira zimafafaniza
Chithunzi: "Paki yapamwamba", acu. Osonkhetsa (a) ndi ofunafuna mvula (b) amaikidwa kumapeto kwa njira ndi makondo pansi. Opepuka Okhala osachedwa samangochedwetsa uve ndi zinyalala, komanso amathandizanso dongosolo kuthana ndi ma tak
Chithunzi: "Paki yapamwamba". Monga trays, zinthuzi zili ndi zokolola zopangidwa zoyeretsa zosavuta