Ware bangarorin da aka gina tare da ginannun windows
slabs da ke gyara dowels
Zai yi wuya a saka gida a kan kakar wasa ɗaya - don yawancin masu haɓakawa na masu zaman kansu, wannan tsari yana miƙe shekaru, kuma dalilan '' 'rago, a cikin amfani da fasahar aikin gine-gine. A yau mun gabatar muku da fasahar gina kayan Kanada na gida na gida, wanda aka gina ta mutane shida a cikin mako guda kawai
A takaice game da babban abin
A halin yanzu, a cikin filin ginin gida, fasahohi suna ƙara jan hankalin zuwa gine-ginen ginin a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. Don yin wannan, akwai mahaɗan mutane daban-daban, musamman ma taron jama'ar daga abubuwan da suka ƙare. Daga yawancin fasahar irin wannan, la'akari da Kanad, wanda aka yi amfani da shi a Yammacin shekara 50.A cewar gidajenta, an gina su ne daga bangarorin katako (garkuwa, ana samar dasu a ofishin zane bisa ga ayyukan kirkirar gine-gine.
Garkuwa daga inda ɗaukar bangon su ne ƙirar dullie. Ya haɗa da firam na katako tare da kauri na 144 na mm daga shirye-shiryen fasahar da na musamman na katako mai kyau na coniferous; Heatherate Hesating daga zanen gado impregnated tare da maganin antisegood da antiprin mai hana ruwa a ciki da kuma rufe shinge na gypsum (GVL) tare da kauri na 12 mm. Sarari tsakanin shelves yana cike da bautar da ba mai kunna wuta ba, inning na abokantaka da yanayin muhalli (Finland). Tsawon garkuwa daidai yake da tsayin daka - 2.7 m, kuma girman ya bambanta dangane da takamaiman aikin. A cikin bangarorin, an aiwatar da shimfidar injiniya na tsarin samar da wutar lantarki, suna sanye da masu safiya da kuma dacewa da lafiyar Galvanist.
Hakazalika, an shirya bangarorin ɓangarorin ciki, da kuma rufin gida da attic rufi. Sun bambanta, a gaban duka, sashin giciye na sanduna don firam (200 mm - a cikin bangarorin da ke cikin ɓangaren) da kuma kauri daga rufin firam na firam na firam . Bugu da kari, an rufe bangarorin bangare a bangarorin biyu na Flywood da GWL, da kuma ambaliya shine kawai flywood.
Bayan Majalisar, ganuwar waje ta waje an saka shi da faranti na polystyrene tare da kauri na 50 mm, sannan a yi layi tare da tubalin. Godiya ga bushewa na zanen zaren gypsum, bene da rufi suna da ɗakin lebur kuma yana shirye don ƙarewa - ba lallai ba ne don aiwatar da aiki a kan jeri da kuma filastar, wanda ke adana lokaci da kuɗi. Bango na mulllay a cikin kayan aikin zafi yayi kama da Masonry daga cikakken tubalin 1.5 m. Amma ya kamata a ɗauka a hankali cewa domin gyara a kai, alal misali, da kabad, za ku buƙaci rufewa, zaku buƙaci kabad na musamman don hanyar m tsari.
Don haka, gidan ya kunshi saitin huhu, a shirye don shigarwa na kayan tsari (bango, tsarin rufin gida), tsarin rufi da aka ƙera shi a cikin yanayin masana'antu. Daga cikin waɗannan, akan shafin ginin a sassa da kuma tattara duka ginin.
Sauki na ƙira da fasaha, amfani da ƙa'idojin aiwatar da abubuwa na masana'antu suna samar da raguwa mai yawa a lokacin aikin gargajiya na gina gida. Gidan da aka gina a fasahar Kanada ta gana da duk bukatun zamani da ra'ayoyin makamashi game da karfi, samar da wuta da muhalli kuma yana da matukar kyau ga yanayin yanayi mai yawa. Gidan firam mai sauki ne kuma baya buƙatar tushe mai nisa, wanda ke rage farashin ginin ginin. Bangarorin katako na zane ba su yi nasara ba, ba su lalace ba, wanda ke ba da damar kammala aikin nan da nan bayan shigar da hanyoyin sadarwar gini.
Farashin sayar da siyarwa na cikakken kafa daga shuka shine 5 dubu na rubles. Don 1 M2 na yankin yanki, ƙididdigar farashin hawa da Kit ɗin Base - 25% na farashin kayan aikin (harsashinsa, ba a haɗa kayan aikin cibiyoyin injiniya ba).
Dafa tushe
Nau'in da kuma gina harsashin ginin ya dogara da halaye na ƙasa ƙasa. A cikin lamarin, ruwan karkashinmu a shafin ya cika ambaliya a zurfin 7m. Yin la'akari da wannan, kazalika da shirin gidan nan gaba, an zabi nau'in kafuwar zuwa kungiyar aikin.
Na'urar sa ta fara da sanya hoton shirin shirin. Za a iya auna daidaiton daidaiton daidaiton aikin da diagonals ta hanyar Diagonals. Sa'an nan, ramuka tare da bango a tsaye an ja don sanya abubuwan tallafi - ƙarfafa pillars na masana'antu 80g 40cm a cikin sharuddan da tsawo na 30 cm. A ƙarshen ƙarshen al'amura a cikin cibiyar akwai orrirusion square wani sashi na 32 g 12 cm, sanye da kayan aikin ƙarfe (faranti).
Tara a cikin rami (1,6 M mai zurfi, wanda shine 0.2 m fiye da zurfin daskarewa) saukar da crane. Pillarfin gwaje-gwajen na gaba ne da farko a cikin kusurwoyin ginin da kuma a cikin hanyoyin garun, sannan kuma - a cikin tazawar tsakanin su. Nisa tsakanin ginshiƙai ya kasance mita 2. A cikin ramin, da Layer na rigar da yashi 15 cm ya yi rambling, kuma an sanya ginshiƙai a kai. Sarari tsakanin ganuwar rami da ginshiƙai sun cika da ƙasa da ƙarfi.
Bayan an sanya duk ginshiƙai, duba matakin kwance na ƙarshen. Don nuna tunani, an zaɓi al'amura a gindin duniya. An rama karkatar da ƙirar ƙarfe, wanda, in ya cancanta, welded zuwa ƙarshen al'amudin. Daga nan sai suka fara kwanciya da bouth.
La'akari da cewa kasar gona a kan wani yanki sashe, an ƙaddara tsawon da goyon baya don haka bayan shigarwa, ƙarshen abubuwan hawa na ƙarshen, bayanin ƙarfe № 27 an welded A matsayina na zane-zane - kuma a kula da mastumen. Rashin iska tsakanin tsayi da ƙasa yana hana matsin lamba na ƙasa zuwa ga karce a ƙasa lokacin da ƙasa take lanƙwasa. Bayanan karfe an sanya su a kewaye da kewaye da ginin kuma a ƙarƙashin bangon da suke ɗauke da kayan aikinsu yana sarrafa kayan aikin.
Bayan haka, sun haƙa tare da zurfin 1.5 m kuma sun jagoranci gidan gidan, dumama da bututun ruwa.
A mataki na gaba, an shigar da faranti na fararen faranti a kan mullolet, wanda bangarori masu zuwa (PCs) na jerin 1.141-1. An sa su a kan Layer da aka daidaita da sabbin hanyoyin da aka yi amfani da su 50 lokacin farin ciki ba fiye da 20 mm. A cikin ramuka daga ƙarshen bangarorin da aka ɗora masana'antar kwararru. A seams tsakanin farantin suna cike da ciminti turmi 100. ramuka don wuce hatsar ruwa, wadata ruwa, diamita na ruwa, diamita na ruwa har zuwa wurin da ke cikin voids 250. A saman kwamitin ya rushe yadudduka biyu na brooid.
A cikin duka, kwana uku sun bar ginin harsashin ginin da kuma sanya farantin kankare.
Haɗa a gida
Lokacin da aka kammala aikin da aka gina ginin, an kawo fannonin da dama ga shafin ginin ginin tsarin da aka tsara don tattara tsari don yin taro.
Shigarwa na bango ya fara da bangarori na angular, wanda aka sanya a kan gajeren trimming na flywood, wajibi don daidaita matsayin su a kwance. An saka farantin katako tare da sasanninta na karfe tare da mataki 1 na 1 .aya daga cikin kusurwa an fucked tare da rivets, wani - a farantin tare da anga 100 mm. A nests a ƙarƙashin kusoshi sun hau rawar soja. Tsakanin bangarori ya shiga cikin abubuwan da aka shigar akan zane-zane. Ta hanyar shigar da ganuwar gaba na bene na farko, an shigar da shigarwa bangon ciki kuma an sanya Cerav a kan gunkin sasikanci ta amfani da bolts.
Bene na biyu ya gina irin wannan makircin, an gyara kwamitin zuwa fadada. Wani motocin motocin da aka yi amfani da shi don ɗaga faranti. Don mamaye bene na biyu, jikoki na musamman wanda aka yi amfani da su da tsagi don tsarin rufin rufin. A dare, an rufe gidan da fim din ruwan sama.
Na'urar rufin an kunshi a cikin shigarwa na katako biyu na biyu - facade da na baya, wanda ke da siffar alwatika na rectangulad, a kan gajerun bangarorin da aka sanya da bangarorin hydrocarki. Abubuwan hawa da aka yi amfani da su kamar lokacin hawa bangon bango. Kamar yadda aka yi amfani da rufin ƙarfe.
Bayanai na fasaha
Jimlar yanki na gidan .............. 189 m2
Yankin zama na gidan ...............5 m2
Tsayin tsinkaye ...................... 2.7 m
Ƙasa bene:1. Tambour 2. Hallway 3. Dutsen 3. Verening Kitchen-Cin abinci 5.Cabines 6. Gage 8. Goryda
Bene na biyu:
1. Hall 2-4. Dakuna 5. Sanshil
Bayan kammala shigar gidan da shigarwa na rufin, sauya zuwa rufin bangon waje. Har zuwa wannan, tare da taimakon dowels da aka haɗe faranti a haɗe kumfa-tare da kauri daga 70 mm. A kan "matakai" na iyakar tushe a layi daya tare da mulllet-suttur-suttura a nesa na 50 mm, an kwashe su ta hanyar rufin bangon.
Ginin kwalin gidan, shigarwa na gyaran rfter da shigarwa na rufin da kwana uku, bayan da aikin ya fara aiki da haɗin kayan aikin injiniya da aka fara a lokaci guda.
Tun daga wani ɓangare na sadarwa (wayoyin lantarki, da kuma tsarin ƙararrawa na wuta) an dage farawa kai tsaye a cikin hanyoyin haɗin kai, shi yana sauƙaƙe su haɗi zuwa haɗi zuwa manyan cibiyoyin sadarwa. Smoke masu auna dariya yayin aikin da aka lullube shi da fim ɗin polyethylene. Officabyle, kazalika da ruwa wadata da bututun din dinka, an taƙaita shi zuwa gidan ta hanyar maɓuɓɓugar da ke twn. Bututun filastik na ƙarfe na wadatar ruwa da kuma damfara an shafe bisa ga tsarin gargajiya. Dangane da abubuwan da ake buƙata, samar da kayan samar da bututun gas don hanyar tsaro dole ne a hana su a cikin kauri daga bangon ko wani da wahalar samun damar isa.
A cikin gidaje wuri da fasaha, dumama radiators (Jamus) an sanya; A farkon bene, layin kwance na bututu, samar da kuma cire ruwa, an yi shi ta bututun ƙarfe-filastik-filastik na filastik-filastik tare da daskararrun filastik. Bayan duk tsarin dumama na gida ya hau kuma ya lalace, an zuba bene da Layer na kankare na 10 cm, barin bututun reshe. A bene na biyu, ana samun wiring a cikin kauri tsakanin-storey mai narkewa.
Tunda aikin gidan da aka tanada don iska ta halitta, sannan a cikin shafukan da ake so na bangon bango, ramukan iska da tashoshin iska da tashoshinsu na samarwa.
A karshen aikin da ya shafi na'urar sadarwa ta Injiniya, mai zafi mai zafi, bututun ruwa da bututun ruwa na gas, waya waya. Waɗannan ayyukan sun lura da sanannun matakan tsaro. Duk sun gano kasawa da aka kawar dasu a kan tabo, sannan kuma sake duba ingancin hawa.
A waje na ofishin gidan ya ƙunshi a cikin gina masonry daga yangwacin gangar jikinku. An sanya shi a kan 2-cm tare da rata na bangel bangel a cikin 5 cm. Don samun iska daga cikin ƙananan ƙananan (gami da rufin Masonry, an bar rowsar Masonry) tsakanin tubalin 8-10 mm fadi. Sun kasance hudu sama da ƙasa kowane 4 m.
An shimfiɗa tubalin tubalin don mafita a Polkirpich. Bayan kowane layuka biyar, an ƙarfafa masonry tare da raga na karfe (daga waya tare da diamita na 5 mm) kuma ya fucked tare da insular da ke gaban bango a cikin umarnin Checker. (Clamers suna lanƙwasa a kusurwar dama na tsiri na rufin ƙarfe na galvanized na galvanized na 5-50 cm.) Ofpearshen ƙarshen Kaller, ɗayan ya wuce karfafa grid.
A cikin layi daya, gina wani gidan gyaran tubali kusa da gida a kan injuna ɗaya. A cikin wuraren shiga cikin bangon garage tare da bango na gidan a cikin kowane layi na Masonry da aka shirya suturar su. A saman ɗayan bangon na gaske, an sami ƙaramin buɗe don samun iska na halitta na ɗakin.
Bayan kammala aikin a kan waje na ginin, haɗa da bincika ingancin shigarwa na sadarwa, da suka kunna kayan adon gidan.
Inganta lissafin farashin aikin da kayan aikin gina gida tare da jimlar yanki na 189 m2
| Sunan ayyuka | Raka'a. canza | Yawan | Farashin, $ | Kudin, $ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aikin gida | ||||
| Yana ɗaukar gatari, layout, ci gaba da hutu | M3. | 78. | goma sha takwas | 1404. |
| Na'urar Gida | M2. | 145. | 3. | 435. |
| Tsarin tushe na ginshikan | M3. | goma sha ɗaya | 40. | 440. |
| Shigarwa na katako, tsayayye | T. | 3. | 200. | 600. |
| Shigarwa na slabs na overlaps | M2. | 143. | tara | 1287. |
| Rage ruwa a kwance da kuma bayan | M2. | 170. | 3. | 510. |
| Jimlar: | 4680. | |||
| Amfani kayan a sashin | ||||
| Gidauniyar karfafa parkon kwastomomi | PC. | 28. | 90. | 2520. |
| Pc fadada faranti | M2. | 143. | 28. | 4004. |
| Katako da mai kutse | T. | 3. | 610. | 1830. |
| Bituminous Polymer Mastic, Hydrohotelloisol | M2. | 320. | 3. | 960. |
| Jimlar: | 9310 | |||
| Ganuwar, bangare, ya mamaye, rufin | ||||
| Shigarwa da kuma murƙushe scaffolding | M2. | 170. | 3,4. | 578. |
| Majalisar firam na waje | sa | ɗaya | - | 8300. |
| Rufin bangon bango | M2. | 180. | 2. | 360. |
| Brick yana fuskantar fushin fuska tare da letder | M2. | 180. | goma sha shida | 2880. |
| Na kankare | M2. | 144. | 10 | 1440. |
| Cikakken buɗe bude | M2. | 67. | 35. | 2345. |
| Shigarwa na kofofin gareji | sa | ɗaya | 1400. | 1400. |
| Na'urar Calanes Vaporizoration | M2. | 190. | 3. | 570. |
| Jimlar: | 17 876. | |||
| Amfani kayan a sashin | ||||
| Tsarin Tsara (Ganuwar, bangare, ya mamaye baki | sa | ɗaya | - | 33280. |
| Tubalin yumbu yana fuskantar | dubu. | tara | 318. | 2862. |
| Kankare mai nauyi | M3. | goma sha biyar | 62. | 930. |
| PSB-C polystyrene Foam | M3. | 13.3 | hamsin | 665. |
| Paro-, wind-, fina-finai na hydraulic | M2. | 190. | 1.5 | 285. |
| Taga da kofa tubalan | M2. | 67. | 190. | 12730. |
| Ganawa Garasa | sa | ɗaya | - | 1700. |
| Tsarin magudana | sa | ɗaya | 1600. | 1600. |
| Jimlar: | 52 450. | |||
| Tsarin injiniya | ||||
| Shigarwa na kayan tanki | - | 1100. | ||
| Bututun jirgin ruwa | - | 1900. | ||
| Aikin shigarwa na lantarki | - | 2800. | ||
| Jimlar: | 5800. | |||
| Amfani kayan a sashin | ||||
| Kayan Kayan Jirgin Sama (Jamus) | sa | 5200. | ||
| Radiators, masu gyara zafin jiki (Jamus), podding podding | sa | 3500. | ||
| PIPIP WHIT (Jamus), Fittings, PVC bututu, tayoyin | sa | 490. | ||
| Dambe, atomatik, Uzozo, kayan lantarki (Jamus) | sa | 840. | ||
| Jimlar: | 10 030. | |||
| Jimlar kudin aiki: | 28 356. | |||
| Kudin kayan: | 71 790. | |||
| Jimlar: | 100 146. |
Editocin suna godiya da kamfanin gudanarwa "Yankinomstroyroy" don shirya hotuna a ginin da kuma shawarwari kan fasahar gini.