Irin chimneys don tabbatar da amincin gidan ƙasar. Matsawa tebur tebur.
Tubalin murhun wani lokacin ba ya tsayayya da kashe mai kisan gilla da Acid Condensate, wanda aka kirkira yayin aiki tare da gas mai gas da ruwa na zamani.
Yin amfani da kayan ƙarfe na zamani "sanwic" yana sauƙaƙe ƙirar wucewa ta hanyar rufin sanyi na wanka
Jadawalin don tantance tsayin bututu na fure don tukunyar jirgi
Jadawalin don sanin tsayin flue don murhu
Ana iya ba da tsohuwar bulo na Chimney wata sabuwar rayuwa ta amfani da na'urar polymer yana gudana zuwa zazzabi na 250C
Mai tsananin tubali na buƙatar tushe daban kuma ana gina shi lokaci guda tare da bango
Abubuwan Ceramam Micramaddam suna zartar da kayan aikin zafi akan kowane irin mai. Gases masu firgita na faruwa a kan bututun mai samar da ruwan hoda mai tsauri mai tsayayya da ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta. Kayayyaki na iya zama hanya biyu
A- enamel racks don hayaki daga kowane mai;
Blue - don tashoshin rectangular regangrular da magungunan bututu a wurare masu rauni
A- Matsa 45 Single-kadai;
b-bututu tare da silencer;
Maimaitawa;
Trubnaya Ghomut;
Biyu 135 tare da toshe sau biyu;
Maimewa 90 tare da toshe
Chimney daga mai hita tare da harsashi mai galwanized harsashi bayan shekaru 4 a kan wasu
Kasuwancin tattalin arzikin mai mahimmanci yana ƙaruwa da ingancin mai kunnawa, yana dumama zafin bugun fenti na gidan wanka
Ko da karfe "sanwic" tare da ƙarancin zafin jiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin amincin wuta ya kamata karewa daga bango na katako akalla 200mm
Tare da nassin karfe-holy chimney ta hanyar bangon kayan aiki a wurin da nassi ya kamata a lullube shi da kauri a kalla 100mm "kek" - insular zafi + takardar takarda (widgying zing ba kasa da 130mm)
Maigidan gidan ya ki rage bututun safar hannu tare da taimakon rufin rufin. Sakamakon bakin ciki bai rage jinkirin ya shafi ba
Bum of Comparfin Kasa na Kasar Nainiya da aka buga tare da sabbin masu gidajen yanar gizo, ba su ma da zargin cewa an sanya min sutturar "a cikin mazauninsu ba. An ɓoye hadarin a cikin ƙirar da ba daidai ba game da irin wannan zaɓi na gidan karkara. Zai yi wuya a yi imani, amma ƙididdigar Ma'aikatar Harkokin gaggawa na Nepium: Daruruwan rayuwa da kuma furannin Carbon Monoxide saboda gazawar Carbon Monoxide saboda gazawa a cikin aikin bututun chimonys. Ta yaya za a guji wannan?
Hayaki da bututu: matsalolin Symbiosis
Daruruwan shekaru, an yi masa hayaki akai-akai. Babban aikinta shine samar da gogewa. Gaskiya ne, a lokaci guda chimney ya zama mai ɗaukar nauyin fitilar wuta da hayaki, amma mutane sun daɗe suna haɓaka abin dogara, cikin nasara tsarin aiki. Sirrin sirri 'na tsoro sun yi kama da wani rabo da kayan aiki da yawa, girma kamar namomin kaza, gida tare da masu dafa abinci na zamani. Amma ya juya cewa sabon dabarar yana buƙatar wasu fasahuna a gini. Wannan ya tashi kamar daga rayuwar sojojin gida-gida, gami da masu son rayuwa waɗanda ke ɗauka don sanya komai da komai, kawai ba za su iya sani ba. Wanda aka gina a cikin dattijo. Zai yi nasara koyaushe. Avteda na yau da kullun sakamakon kwararru na kwararru na iya zama irin wannan matsala a matsayin rushewar naúrar saboda aikin mara kyau, Geometry ko nau'in bututun hayana; Scurning da wuraren zama da yiwuwar guba ta carbon saboda rashin yarda da ka'idojin gini da shigarwa, da kuma Allah! - Wuta. Amfani da bututun tubalin bulo, kamar yadda ya juya, ba koyaushe ya yi daidai da peculiarities na dumɓu. Designirƙirar ƙirar da kayan chifney ya dogara da irin wannan mai amfani da kuma takamaiman aikin naúrar dumama. Amma tubalin bututun mai kuma yanzu ya dace sosai, alal misali, lokacin da ke kona daskararru (itacen wuta, filawar wuta da kuma gilashin ruwan wanka tare da boilers). Musamman ma tunda bulo ana hade da bayyanar ƙira ta kowane gini. Koyaya, a mafi yawan lokuta, tsarin gine-ginen zamani samar da baƙi aiki ko akan man gas ko ruwa, ko haɗi. Tare da amfani da su, ana samar da karin ruwa mai ruwa sosai (3 lita na ruwa a kan 1m3 na ɗaukar gas) fiye da lokacin da ɗaukar hoto, alal misali, wasan itace, itace. Ito a canza yanayin "yanayin rayuwa" na bututun hayaki.Tare da aiki na yau da kullun na tukunyar tukunyar jirgi da bututun haye mai ɗumi, yawan zafin jiki na samfuran sa a cikin bututun mai 120-200 ° C, kuma a kan hanyar da bakinsa-120-170c, amma a nan an ɗauki ciyawar ruwa tare da gas na hayaki a cikin yanayi. Koyaya, idan saboda wasu dalilai na ciki saman tashoshin, yawan zafin jiki na abin da ake kira raɓa da ke ƙasa, tururi ya fara ba da izini kuma a cikin gunaguni a cikin droplets. Matsayin zafin jiki na gas mai shigowa Dew lokacin da yake ƙona mai gas mai 50-55c, ruwa mai, 45s, itace - 30c.
A cikin lokacin sanyi, idan an sanya bututun hayaki mara kyau, wanda ya ƙara haɓaka danshi yana faruwa a ciki. Sulfur, Nitrogen da Carbon Oidesed Oxdes yayin konewa, haɗa da tururi mai ruwa, form acid da gaurayar acid m. Wannan ƙarin haɗari ne, wannan shine hunturu - saboda madadin daskarewa da danshi a cikin manyan sassan (a bakin) na bututu. Acid na farawa daga matsananciyar rusa murƙushewa (wani lokacin bayan shekaru 3-4) da kuma farkon dukkaninku wanda leaks ya bayyana, kuma a kan ganuwar tanda ko baƙar fata.
A yau, aikin bututun hayaki ba tare da la'akari da peculiarities na aikin boiler-alamar alamar mai tsara ba. Tsayinta da yanki na sassan tashar hayaƙi suna dogara ne kai tsaye kan nau'in mai da wutar lantarki. Akwai tebur na musamman da zane-zane don yardarsu. Bugu da kari, ya zama dole don yin la'akari da fasalulluka daban-daban na aikin dumama. Don haka, wasu masu bokayen suna da sanye da su rufe ɗakunan rufewa, yayin aikin da aka kirkira wani ƙaramin abin alfahari a cikin bututun hayaki. Don haka, ya zama dole don tabbatar da girman tashoshin, in ba haka ba haɗarin wuta yana ƙaruwa.
Abubuwa da yawa na katako na katako suna sanye da masu siyarwar atomatik, wanda don tsara aikin zafin jiki na ruwa akan "fara da-sa-dumɓewa dakatar da" sake fasalin "sake. Wannan yanayin yana canza sigogin jiki na gas mai fita. Yawansu da zafin jiki suna da ƙasa sosai, kuma zafi, akasin haka, ya fi na "kayan haɗin" na gargajiya "da aka kafa yayin ɗaukar hoto. Dangane da haka, zafin jiki a cikin canje-canjen bututun. Bin rhythms na inclusions da abubuwan ƙonawa na ƙonawa, bututu yana fuskantar lokutan dumama da sanyaya. A tsawon wannan saukad da ya dogara da nau'in kayan daga abin da aka yi tashar, kuma a kan digirin zafi. Wasu kayan suna cikin sauri da sauri kuma suna sanyaya da sauri da sauri, wasu, akasin haka. Da sauri zafin jiki na bututun bututun yana tashi, gaɓaɓon sashi na lokacin da za'a iya samar da shi.
Gases na ruwa, tashi daga mafi yawan kuzari-tanadi, wanda ake kira ƙananan-zazzabi, kuma musamman m sanduna, ya fada a cikin bututun hayaki sosai - 110-130c. Saboda wannan, akwai mai yawa condensate a cikin bututu, gaba ɗaya "gaba", don haka ya zama dole a karɓi tsarin tsinkayensa da fitarwa zuwa .an ƙasa. Iri ɗaya ne, saboda karuwar hayaki mai yawa, a cikin bututu wani lokacin da ya rage dirka, da kuma gas din dole ne su tura tare da fan (hayaki). Height yana nufin cewa dole ne a samar da bututun mai. Saboda haka, yawancin furanni masu zazzabi ana siyar da shi da bututun hayaki riga Sean.
Na farko tare da matsalolin tanderace na yanzu suna fuskantar Turai da kuma bayansu a cikin 50s na ƙarni na ƙarshe. Shugaban Kulama shi ne shugaban ƙasar jama'ar Amurka Selkk, wanda ya ba da shawarar hanyar salon zamani da kuma gyaran dutsen bulala. Yanke shawarar ya yi sauki da tasiri. An ba da shawarar shigar da bututun da aka yi da ƙarfe-mai tsayayya da acid, wanda yake da tasirin tasirin condensate.
A yau, samar da abin da ake kira bututun ƙarfe na ƙarfe ya zama masana'antar duniya. An riga an ba su ba kawai don haɓaka bututun tubali na da ake ciki ba, har ma da na'urorin shaye-shaye iri ɗaya na wuraren shakatawa iri ɗaya, Fences da kowane nau'in dumama tare da sabon gini. Yanzu waɗannan wuraren suna da yawa a kan rufin da ya saba da ginshiƙan ido na ido. Haka kuma, yawancin masana'antun masana'antun kawai suna yin buƙatar ba da buƙatun su tare da bututun kayan zamani.
A yanzu, dangin Chimned Childular an cika shi da ganurrin Brerics, robobi har ma da gilashi. A kan kayan gari ya dogara da sosai akan zafin jiki na gas gases. Tattaunawa, zafin hayaki da bai cika hada karfi da mai m mai ba da 600c da ƙari, har zuwa 400 ° C, da "mai" cooler "har yanzu" mai sanyaya "- har zuwa 27c.
Babban yanayin zafi yana tsayayya da exameled da zafi-resistant karfe, therorics da tubalin gargajiya. Don ƙarancin yanayin zafi (har zuwa 120 ° C), ban da ƙarfe da yurkai, wasu nau'ikan robobi (Polypropylene) da maki na gilashi suna da yarda sosai. A zahiri, kan yin amfani da kayan da ke sama da kuma duk ƙirar ƙirar chimnes sun dogara ne. Amma mafi yawan kayan gargajiya shine tubalin.
Tsarin bututun hayaki
2- Apron.
3- rufin rufin;
4- Console Dutsen;
5- Faɗakarwar Intanet;
6- Bango, sai ya taru.
7 - Taɓa;
8- tura;
9-bututun kilomita;
10- bita;
11- Raba babban daya;
12-Tee 90;
13-toshe;
14- ADAPTER Cote
Takamaiman abun da ke ciki na abubuwan da ke cikin kowane yanayi ya bambanta dangane da ƙirar ɓangaren dumama, a gida da mai samarwa.
Gargajiya na gargajiya: tubali bututun
Bishiyar bulo wani abu ne na ban mamaki a cikin kanta, saboda haka yana buƙatar kafuwar da ta dace. Gininsa ya fara lokaci guda tare da gidan; Tabbas, irin wannan tsarin yana da wahalar rushewa, ba shi yiwuwa a canja wuri zuwa wani wuri, yana da wuya a aiwatar da aikin gyara a ciki. Babu shakka fa'idar da ba ta dace ba ta hanyar daɗaɗɗen bulo na CHImney shine tsawon rayuwar sabis. Bayan haɓakawa da suka dace (ta amfani da bututun hoda mai mahimmanci), yana da damar tabbatar da ingantaccen aikin gas da furanni masu ruwa. An gina bututun tubalin bisa lissafin tsararru. Da farko, sashin giciye na killay chimney an ƙaddara. Jerin tubalin bulo na dutsen chipney yana farawa da 130130m (don tarkon katako tare da ci gaba zuwa 3000 kcal / h), to, tarkon katako tare da ƙara sauri zuwa 4500 kcal / h) da gaba akan karuwa.Za'a iya tantance ƙimar yankin na ɓangare ta hanyar na'urar mai a cikin ƙididdigar kusan 8 cm2 a 1 kw. Akwai ginshiƙi na musamman na tashoshi na hayaki. Don murhun murhun, don haka sai ciyawa ta al'ada ce, sashin bututun hayaki ya kamata ya zama aƙalla 10% na tanderen ne na wutar. Kauri daga bangon hayaki ya wajaba ya zama aƙalla 120 mm (ɓangaren waje ba ƙasa da 250mm). Abubuwan ciki na ciki ba plaspering ba, amma a cire mafi yawan mafita hanyoyin daga seams. A lokacin da kwanciya bututu, wasu buƙatu don abun da ake samu dole ne a lura dashi. Ana amfani da dutsen ko lemun tsami-ciminti don sanya tashoshin bango a cikin ɗakin, lemun tsami kawai - tashoshin da ke saman rufin. A gaskiya, kusan dukkanin bukatun da ƙa'idodi na gina cakulan tubali ana ba su daki-daki a Snip 2.04.08-91 "iskar gas", annex 6 ("saman na sasalin kayan "), snip 3.03. 01-87" Dokokin samarwa da karɓar aiki. Tsarin dutse. "
Tsawon bututun clue da aka sanya a nesa, wanda yayi daidai da tsawo na ƙira mai ƙarfi, protruding bisa rufin, ko ya wuce, ya kamata a ɗauke shi: ya kamata a ɗauke shi: ya kamata a ɗauke shi: ya kamata a ɗauke shi: ya kamata a ɗauke shi: ya kamata a ɗauke shi: ya kamata a ɗauke shi: ya kamata a ɗauke shi: ya kamata a ɗauke shi: ya kamata a ɗauke shi: ya kamata a ɗauke shi: ya kamata a ɗauke shi: ya kamata a ɗauka.
ba kasa da 500mm- sama da lebur ko kusan rufin lebur;
Aƙalla 500mmm akan sandar rufin ko gyarawa a wurin bututun a nesa har zuwa 1.5 m daga skate ko expet;
ba ƙasa da sanda na rufin ko gyaran bututu ba a nesa da opimney a nesa na 1.5m daga skate ko expet;
Ba kasa da layin da aka gudanar daga skate ƙasa a wani kusurwa na 10 zuwa sararin sama - lokacin da bututun haya yana samuwa daga skate a nesa fiye da 3m.
A ƙasa da shiga cikin bututun hayaƙi, dage farawa daga na'urar dumama zuwa bututun mai da ke cikin bututun yanka, ya kamata a samar da na'urar allura tare da ƙyanƙyashe don cire soot.
Distance daga saman filayen bulo na ruwa zuwa rafters, catrates da sauran sassan kayan ƙone da kuma ya kamata a samar da kayan ƙonewa da 130 mm, daga bututun yadudduka ba tare da rufi ba - 250mm.
Don haɓaka tasirin bulo mai tsayayyen tashoshi (sizzgybami Berel (Sizgybami Barrel), da kuma lokacin gina sababbin bututu, muna amfani da hanya mai ban sha'awa mai ban sha'awa. Muna magana ne game da fasaha da ake kira Franflex (Franflex). Asalinta shine kamar haka: Mace sace da aka yi a cikin sinkarar sinkafa, wanda aka yi amfani da rudani rudani (mai samar da fiberglass (mai samar da sinadiyya). Bayan haka, a ƙarshen, yana tsayawa, kuma bayan ƙarshen ɗaya ake allura tare da tururi mai zafi. A sakamakon dumama na hannun riga "da kuma, walƙiya a cikin abin da ke cikin ciki na bulan bututun mai, ko kuma na buƙatar rage sashin tashar hayaki. A karkashin aikin resin resin, da wuya (polymerizes (polymerizes) da bayan 2-4 hours ya juya a cikin yanayin hayaki da zai iya aiki a zazzabi na gas har zuwa 250C. Irin wannan sace ɗin ana samarwa har zuwa 52m tsawo da diamita na 100-500m. A cewar Fineline, irin wannan ƙirar ƙamus na filastik kusan 70 don 1 p. m tare da diamita na 150mm.
Modulular Chimneys
A yau, faɗakarwar "modular Chimneys" ta rufe nau'ikan shirye-shiryen masana'antar, wanda aka sanya daga nau'ikan kayan maye ne kawai ". Ana yin zane-zane na zamani daga ƙarfe daban-daban, aluminum aluminum reoy, yeramin da robobi, da kuma robobi, da kuma robobi, da kuma farfado, har ma daga haɗuwa da waɗannan kayan. Tsakanin kansu irin waɗannan samfuran sun bambanta sosai. Dukkanin nau'ikan bututun kifaye, kawai babban ƙa'idar manyan bututun abubuwa daga abubuwan da ke tattare da tsarin abubuwa.
Muhimmin dukiya na tsarin zamani shine yiwuwar yin tsalle-tsalle da hannu tare da samar da ingantattun ingantattun abubuwan haɗin haɗi. Haɗin kayayyaki a cikin nau'ikan bututu daban-daban, ba shakka, ya bambanta. Abubuwan ƙarfe na zamani suna da alaƙa tare da da'irar Fuse ko Bayonet kewaye, filastik - tare da ingantaccen bayani ko sevic-coner ko maganin cirt.
Yau overular bututun shine wani irin "sojojin duniya" da ikon yin hidima a kowane sashi na "Chimney Front", tunda suna dacewa da kusan kowane nau'in raka'a na dumama. Ana amfani da filastik na filastik da gilashi na ƙasa zuwa ƙasashen waje tare da ƙananan wuta mai ƙarancin zafi. Amma saboda waɗannan kayan, abin da ake kira "Tsarin ya tafi" kuma ba shi da tabbas cewa a nan gaba za su bayyana.
Trackar - Wannan shine kewayon iska a cikin sashen Channel (a cikin bututu), a ƙarƙashin aikin da aka kirkiri rafin da aka tsara shi. Tare da dabi'a ta halitta, ƙarfin tuki ya taso saboda bambanci a cikin yawan gas mai shigowa da iska mai shigowa. Morearin wannan bambancin, mafi kyau. Koyaya, tashin hankali mai yawa ba shi da amfani, kamar yadda yake kaiwa zuwa karuwar man fetur. A gefe mai ƙarfi, don inganta kona, tsari ne na ƙara tsawo na bututun mai, amma zuwa iyaka mai dacewa, tunda mafi girman bututu, mafi girman juriya shine gasasshen gas. Kama da wannan tashin hankali a bangon ciki da keretarrun da suka taso lokacin da jagorancin motsi ya canza. Saboda haka, alal misali, cakulan bututun mai zagaye-sashe zai zama mafi kyawu don kyakkyawan murabba'i, maimakon murabba'i, da murabba'i ne rectangular shine mafi yawan rashin amfani. Af, wani babban yanki-ƙasa na bututun kuma ya rage drug: Gaza yana da lokaci don matsi, da yawa yana ƙaruwa, kuma bunkasa ya faɗi.
Karfe m moduly chimneys
Dangane da adadin aikace-aikacen, bisa ga adadin zaɓin kisa (yawan jerin abubuwa, kayan aiki, tsarin masana'antu) da kuma adadin masana'antu, tsarin masana'antu sun yi nisa da sauran nau'ikan modular chimneys.Su nau'ikan uku ne:
Guda (-ade-hawa, wanda aka ɗora, da aka yi don ko ɗaya daga bakin karfe graded iri na ƙarfe ("bakin karfe", ko kuma daga enamy unaloyed karfe;
bango biyu (da'ira-biyu-biyu-biyu, insulated, tare da rufi tsakanin waje da da'irori na ciki);
M (a cikin nau'i na tiyo na jiki), iyakance nomenclature.
Karfe biyu katangar katako ba su da "bangon bango biyu": Tsarin Sarar gida ne "sanwic". Abubuwan da ke ciki na ciki na lalata ƙarfe na bakin ciki, kawai bakin ciki ne, ƙasa da galitar da ƙarfe ko jan ƙarfe. Sarari tsakanin silinda yana cike da marasa aiki, marasa gas ko abubuwa a lokacin dumama ko abubuwa masu zafi. Sau da yawa ana amfani da rootlool ulu, kodayake ana amfani da wasu kayan, alal misali, Sandline, Rosinox), Sandlit Sand (NII KM). Kauri daga cikin insulator na thermal shine mafi yawan lokuta 25-30 mm, kuma wannan ya isa saboda yawan zafin jiki a waje ba wuce 80c ba. Amma akwai kayayyaki tare da kauri na 50mm da ƙari (har zuwa 100mm). Chimney Chimney shine module mai silima guda ɗaya (yafi sau da yawa fiye da 250, 500 da 1000 mm). Baya ga a kananan abubuwa kai tsaye wanda ke da ra'ayin bututu, kumburi, kumburi, masu tattara masu tarawa, tallafi na tallafi, tallafi, cluteta..
Dukkanin bututun kishin zamani sun daidaita daidaitattun diamita na ciki - 80, 100, 125, shekaru 150, 40, 450, 450, 450, 450, 450, 450mm. Chimneys na masana'antu na iya samun diamita har zuwa 1000m. Zabi na sashi yana saita girman mafita na mai dumɓu. Matsakaici Yanayin yanayin zafi (dangane da matattarar ƙarfe da kuma ƙwaƙwalwar bango) suna cikin 400-600C. Bututun da aka yi da ƙarfe enameled da aka tsara don baƙi, murhu da fille suna aiki akan mai mai. Chimneys daga "bakin karfe" suna da kyau don samar da ruwa-mai da baƙi gas. Ana amfani da zane guda don shigarwa na cikin gida, bango biyu tare da warewa na Layer - gama gari. Suna ba da damar haɗe-haɗe na gida da na ciki tare da nassi a cikin benayen ginin ba tare da nuna wariyar ba. Don wannan, masana'antun suna ba da modues tare da Matte, goge da kuma tsarkakewa saman. Waɗannan Chimnys suna samar da irin wannan Firayim na waje a matsayin Raab, Bermiram (Remokir (Arewa-Jamus), HERIFS), da kuma gida "aski" , Fineline, Cibiyar Bincike Km, Rosinox, Inzhkomantare, "RTB-Heat Semieriervice".
Karfe chimneys suna da fa'idodi da yawa. Ba sa tsoron sakamako masu illa. Za a iya hawa cikin chian da ke cikin gari (tare da zamani), da kuma a ciki da waje da ginin a matsayin ƙira daban. An samar mana da yawa da yawa kewayon girman diamita na ciki na tashar hayaki da kauri daga kayan bututu, wanda ya tabbatar da daidaituwa tare da duk tsarin man fetur. Kammala tare da kewayon ƙarin na'urori da yawa waɗanda ke ba ku damar hawa dutsen turawa. Suna da karamin taro, ba sa buƙatar tushe na musamman, samar da saurin shigarwa. Rashin daidaituwa ya haɗa da ƙarancin goyon bayan kai da hali don aika amo. Achilles Heel "bakin karfe" - ba kamar don mahadi hamogen ba. Halgens suna ƙunshe a cikin ginin, manne, aerosols, don haka ba a ba da shawarar ƙona abubuwan ba a cikin murhun ku da ke ɗauke da waɗannan kayan da ke ɗauke da waɗannan kayan.
Mafi mahimmancin kayan ƙarfe na baƙin ƙarfe na ƙarfe shine tushen sunadarai na bututun ƙarfe. Masu kera na Rasha da suka fi dacewa da manyan-allon bakin ciki karfe ausenitic aji na titanium. Irin wannan ƙananan ƙananan baƙin ƙarfe da tsayin daka. Wannan yana ba masu ba da damar yin masu ba da damar kada kuri'unsu tabbacin shekaru 10. Amma ga "sandwiches" tare da bututun waje daga "Galfanized", mai arha, ba zai yiwu a rama gajarta ga gajeren rayuwar samfurin (wani lokacin shekaru 3-5, idan an sanya a waje).
Mahimmancin chimney na iya zama abin da aka tsara rarrabe daban na aji na kifaye. Ana amfani da galibi ana amfani dashi tare da sauran hanyoyin haɗin guda biyu da biyu da kuma tsarin bango biyu- a matsayin bangarorin chimney na bututun mai. Wasu lokuta ana amfani da waɗannan kayayyaki don haɓaka tsohuwar bututun mai. An yi su da ɗayan guda biyu, suna ɗaukar kintinkiri daga "bakin karfe" ko aluminium, daga "bakin karfe". Na farko suna cikin jiki kuma mafi sassauci fiye da na biyu, amma suna da wuya a tsaftace daga soot. Amfani da bututun aluminium yana iyakance ga zafin jiki na 270c.
Yumbu modules
Tsarin ruwa na zamani (ana kuma kiranta kuri'u uku-Layer) yanzu sun damu da haihuwar ta biyu. Daga bututun yumbu, sun canza zuwa cikin sanyaya "cubes" na Majalisar. Na karshen masana'antun daban-daban suna da girma dabam dabam. Cibiyar Cube tana da jan hanyar jirgin ruwa mai tsauri daga bututun ƙarfe daga cikin chamot (kauri har zuwa 15 mm). Wannan da'irar ciki ce. Tsawon tsakiyar kwatsam na ulu na ma'adinai, da waje, waje an kafa ta da fuskoki da aka yi da kankare. Tsakanin rufi da kankare an bayar da fanko (tashoshi), samar da kayan insulating abin murƙanta da asarar kaddarorin. A ƙarshen-ƙarshen sandunan ƙarfe an dage farawa (ko wurare a gare su), sun mamaye duka na'urar da ke tsaye don bayar da tsarin tsarin tsarin halitta da ƙarfi. Yawancin lokaci daga cubes uku tare da rami na 149-160mm, kamar 1m bututun an kafa. Aikin zafin jiki na beramics shine 400-600C (dangane da kauri daga kayan na kewaye). Ana amfani da irin wannan chimneys don kowane nau'in baƙi da murhu kuma suna iya wucewa duka a cikin ginin da waje. A da'irar da kaya da aka iyakance: Schiedel, Raab, Sautin Schornstaine, Hart (duk Jamus) da kuma Honka Hormi (Finland).
Menene kayayyakin yumu na zahiri? Ana nuna su ta hanyar kwarewar goyon bayan kai, basa jin tsoron tasirin yanayin zafi da kuma fasaha a cikin shigarwa, alamun fasaha kuma cikin ka'idojin tsaro na wuta. Amma a lokaci guda, ana san su da babban taro (daga kilogiram kilomita 80 zuwa 1 m), wanda ke nufin cewa suna buƙatar tushe na ƙarin na'urori (Nozzles) kuma suna buƙatar ƙarin abubuwan haɗin ƙarfe don haɗi zuwa naúrar flue.
Ana tattara uni na Uni Modys a cikin sassan:
Yanzu "Noramics" yana ɗaukar sabon tsayi. Misali, Schiedel yana ba da tsarin keranova don ajiye tsoffin chimneys, yana aiki duka a Rumus da rames guda biyu, wanda aka haɗa abubuwa biyu tare da ramuka biyu (a cikin shekaru 30) garanti). Tunda irin waɗannan kayayyaki suna da sauƙin matsayi a kowane wuri da ake da da ake so a cikin dakin, za su lura da sauƙaƙe tsohon ginin ba tare da farashin kuɗi don yin injiniya ba. Tsarin Quadro yana yiwuwa don ƙirƙirar bututun hayaki na coaxial don ɗakunan rufe ɗabi'ar rufewa a kan rufin, ba a jikin bango ba, a ƙarƙashin windows. A cikin bututun hayaki, iskar tituna tana wucewa ta hanyar zoben zobe tsakanin bututun na ciki da waje na ƙirar gases, wanda ke ƙaruwa da gas na mai. Af, mai kama da nadin bututun kiba, amma da aka yi da bakin karfe, a cikin kayan aikin da aka haɗa da bangon wanne bangon bango biyu da kuma an haɗa su da abubuwan da aka tsara guda biyu.
Puching na matasan bambance-bambancen ƙarfe biyu da ƙarfe biyu-uku-hayaki ceramy ana iya amfani da shi wanda aka yi wa baƙin ciki na ciki da bakin karfe, da kuma m kankare. Amfani da bututun bututun mai, yana yiwuwa a jayayya cewa fa'idar irin waɗannan tsarin sun fi su a fili fiye da aibi.
Ya kamata a tuna cewa ba duk bakin karfe ba ne lokaci guda da zafi-resistant. A cikin kasuwannin ginin, ana bayar da chimnes bakin ciki mai yawa, amma koyaushe suna buƙatar fayyace alama. Classant Resistant Classigation ya hada da alamomi tare da babban adadin chromium, titanium da nickel, 12x188n10t, 10x188n18. Strog ya zama Aisi 316l, Aisi 310s, a Turai, en 1.4404, £ 1.4845.
Majalisar Modular Modulular
Abun bututun mai na modular na bakin karfe za a iya tattara daga abubuwa 6-8 na manyan kayayyaki. Babban taron Majalisar shine, ba shakka, bututun daga abin da chimney ganga yana taru. Tsarin daidaitaccen na yau da kullun sune kamar haka: 250, 500 da 1000mm. An ba da izinin masana'antu marasa amfani don aiwatar da bututun yankan ga girman da ake so zuwa girman da ake so, amma akasarinsu ba su bane.Kakakin hayaki ko dai kai tsaye sanya kantin butle na na'urar dumama (sigar Adsadal), ko kuma yana daya daga ciki da wani nisan da ya dace, kamar su Tees, matsa, wani lokacin, wani lokacin, wani lokacin toes m bututu (bango na bango). Kodayake taro na akwati da aka tattara ba mai girma bane, duk da haka, dole ne ya dogara da wani abu. A saboda wannan, tallafin mai goyan baya, ana amfani da goyan bayan nozzles da faranti. An tsara kewayon waɗannan abubuwan don kowane mai masana'anta. An zaɓi su bisa tushen bututun hayaki, tsaunin sa da kuma abubuwan da suka shafi wurin. Tunda bututun hoda mai mahimmanci ba shi da isasshen ƙirar kai, dole ne ya zama mai gyarawa ga murfin bango na clamps.
A ɓangaren da aka tattara na Chimney na samar da abubuwan da aka tattara don shigarwa na abubuwan da aka gabatar, ana iya amfani da masu tattarawa, ana iya amfani da su ko da aka tattara Clodensate. Dukkanin abubuwan da ake buƙata na gangar jikin an yi ta amfani da gwiwoyin da ya dace ko bututu mai sassauƙa). Yin amfani da bututun mai sassauza don haɗe da akwati mai ɗaukar hoto zuwa na'urar fiber ɗin yana ba ka damar rama fadada yanayin zafi da ɗanɗano dan kadan yana sake rikicewa ta hanyar girgizawa da rawar jiki da suka haifar da rawar jiki. Don magance ƙarshen, ana amfani da siliki na musamman. Don ingantaccen docking na kayayyaki, an yi amfani da clamps na clamps, amma wasu samfurori suna da farashi kuma ba tare da su ba, ana amfani da tsarin rubutu na bayonet. Baya ga clams masu tsawan kumburi, ana iya buƙatar ɗaukar murfin bututun chimney ko a cikin bututun mai, lokacin da ake aiwatar da aiki akan tsarin hayaki. Masu farauta na iya samun kisan daban-daban daga masana'antun daban-daban, amma a kowane hali, adadin su an ƙaddara shi ta shawarwarin mai kaya. Nunin shiga cikin rufin yana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Anan akwai abubuwa na musamman tare da abubuwan da aka yi da jajjefi, ƙarfe, ƙarfe, waɗanda aka tsara don kusurwa daban-daban na skate kuma suna da duniya don murfin rufin. Apron yana ba da hatimin bututun mai da yiwuwar faɗaɗa na thermal. Gibar tsakanin bututun kanta da murfin bututun ƙarfe na kusa da ruwan zafi, wanda ya tabbatar da ingantaccen ruwa ruwa na bututun a wannan wurin. Akwai wadatattun irin wannan sealents a kasuwa, alal misali, RRV daga DoDEal (Amurka), "PentestalSlest" daga "Penta Yunion" (Russia) idr.
A ƙarshe, rufin yana "wuce". A cikin bututu mai ɗorawa (1.5-3m daga matakin rufin) na iya tsayawa cikin daban-daban. Tare da tsayi mafi girma, ko dai ana amfani da mai goyan bayan Valole ko shimfiɗa shimfidar gado. Kamar yadda abubuwa na ƙarshe na bututun hayaki suka gama amfani da kai na conical, an sanyawar ƙwararraki da kuma takunkumi-zubar. Baya ga waɗannan abubuwan na asali, ana iya amfani da ƙarin ƙarin ƙarin hanyoyin: hayaki, mai narkewa, bawul din bawul Gyaran yawancinsu suna da siffofin naúrar dumama.
Kayan aiki na litattafai
Tsarin haɗuwa da bututun chimneney yana faruwa da ɗan rikitarwa idan ya zo don haɓaka bututun mai data kasance. Bayan tantance adadin adadin taron da ake buƙata, an fara raba su kai tsaye a kan rufin kuma, yayin da suke girma, rage bututu zuwa gangar jikin. A wancan lokacin, ya kamata a shirya taga peculiar a cikin ƙananan ɓangarenta ta hanyar "haɗin" chimney "an haɗa" zuwa "Flue Boiler. A lokaci guda, an shirya module tallafi (zaɓi zaɓi ya danganta ne dangane da sifofin ƙira na wurin). Don gyara bututun butulul a cikin ma'adanan bututun tare da gine-ginen da rage-ƙasa ana amfani da shi, ana amfani da abubuwan da ke cikin sararin samaniya (clapper clamps). Idan akwai gwiwoyi da lanƙwasa a cikin haɓakawa wanda aka haɓaka, wanda za'a iya amfani da tube tsayin daka, wanda ke ba ka damar shigar da wuraren da ke cikin hayaki).
Game da ingantaccen farashin
Bambanci a cikin farashin abubuwa na zamani a masana'antun daban daban na iya kaiwa kashi 25-30%. Da yawa, alama da kauri daga karfe amfani da, nau'in haɗin Butt ɗin kuma wurin da za'a ƙaddara fitarwa. Kudin Chimneys na zamani daga masana'antar Rasha (wanda aka bayar da cewa shigo da karfe) zai ɗan rage ƙasa da 15-20%.Farashin yana ƙaruwa sau da lokaci (har zuwa 60%) tare da karuwa da takardar kauri da kuma insulator kauri (har zuwa 80%). Jini a saman zai kashe ƙarin 5%.
| Sunan kashi | PC. | Masu kera na Rasha | Masu sana'ar ƙasashen waje | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fitattu | RTB. | Rosinox. | Fineline. | BOFILL. | Jememias. | Raab. | Schiedel. | ||
| Cendensate yarda da sakin gefe | ɗaya | 100.0 | 25.0 | 21,4. | 36.0. | 25.0 | 69,1 | 77.0. | 83.0 |
| Tee-bita | ɗaya | 162.0 | 139,7 | 129,2 | 51.9 | 86,4. | 163,1 | 228.0 | 148.0 |
| Tee 90. | ɗaya | 150.0 | 11.6. | 119,2 | 126.5 | 130.0. | 163.0 | 307.0 | 105.0 |
| Bututu, l = 1m | 10 | 100.0 | 92,2 | 129,2 | 82.5 | 89.0 | 112-0.0. | 141.0 | 120.0. |
| Kashi na babba | ɗaya | 65.0. | 40.9 | 35.8. | 32.9 | 38.5 | - | 46.0. | 38.3. |
| Tallafi Pierole | ɗaya | 115.0. | 76.6 | 96.9 | 56.6 | 104.0. | 59,4. | 75.0 | 72,7 |
| Kowace bango bango | 3. | 22.0 | 12,1 | 25.3. | 25.7 | 23,3. | 21,4. | 39.0 | 23.0 |
| Treber matsa | 13 | 5.0 | 3.5 | 6.8. | 5,4. | 2.5 | Haɗa | 16.0 | Haɗa |
| Darajar tare da VAT | 1723.0 | 132020. | 1858.0. | 1279 | 1386.6 | 1639.0 | 2198.0 | 1716.0 | |
| Don kwatantawa: Kudin tsarin yanki na UNI (daga Schiedel) - 975; Tubfa bututun a cikin adadin 70 PCs / m, tare da aiki- 780. |
Tebur mai daidaituwa na darajar darajar guda-bututu / bututun guda biyu a tsawon bututu 1000mm, $
| M | Diami na ciki 130mm | Diamita na ciki 150mm | Diamita na ciki 180mm | Diami na ciki 200mm |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Slokirk. | 22.44 / 98,85 | 27.5 / 112,54 | 33.3 / 126.6. | 39.1 / 148,39 |
| Raab. | 35/99 | 40/113 | 47/127. | 50/149. |
| F.f.bofell (enameled) | 18.02 / 58.6 | 20.01 / -66,11 | 25,02 / 79,64. | 27.35 / 88.65 |
| 8.0 | 9.34. | 12,01 | 20,01 | |
| Bertrams (Enamel / Aluminum) | 47/21 | - | - | - |
| Ɗanye | - | 23/80 | 29/86 | 31/93 |
| Jememias. | 20.04 / 76.03 | 30.41 / 87.78.78.78.78 | 27.65 / 100.22. | 30.41 / 111.97 |
| Fitattu | 21.5 / 80. | 23.5 / 84. | 28 / 88.7 | 31 / 97,5 |
| Km | 15.8 / 38.6 | 22.1 / 49,12 | - | - / 59,65 |
| Fineline. | - | 20.6 / 61.8 | 24.7 / 74,2 | 27.5 / 82.5 |
| "Inzhkomantare" | 15.4 / 32.6. | 16.8 / 35.4 | 18.1 / 38.8. | 19.9 / 43,2 |
| Rosinox. | 17.7 / 54.8. | 19.7 / 61.8 | 24.6 / 74,4. | 26.9 / 82.9 |
Amincin wuta
Hayatarwar Hayatarwa - yanayin da ya wajaba don aikinsa. Ya fara da zaɓin da ya dace na ƙira da kansa da kuma wurin shigarwa a cikin tsari mai dacewa ta hanyar sahun ƙungiyar ƙwarewa wanda ke da lasisin da ya dace wanda ke da lasisin da ya dace wanda ke da lasisin mai dacewa.
Tun da yawan zafin jiki na bututu na ciki dole ne ya tsayayya da zafin jiki a cikin 1000 ° C (soot C (soot C (soot Cost don gujewa siye samfuran da ba na ba da izini ko karya ba. A bayyane yake cewa bututun hayaki da aka yi daga nau'in ƙarfe marasa ferrous, ba jima ko kuma daga baya zai haifar da wuta ko shigar cikin shiga cikin harabar carbon monoxide. A yayin gina bututun hayaki, har ma da wajibi ne don bin dukkan shawarwarin a kan rufin zafi na butulcin a cikin masu yiwuwa na lamba tare da m kayan sadarwa tare da m kayan. Ya kamata a tuna cewa itace guda tare da dogon lokaci tuntuɓar tare da zafi (100 ° C) ya zama mai yiwuwa ga ƙonewa da kai. Sabili da haka, an sanya rufin saman zafin jiki don saman saman bututu, kuma a yanayin daidaitawa ga kayan da aka hada, 85C. Bayan kammala aikin shigarwa, mai magana da yawun wuta dole ne ya tabbata cewa dukkanin ka'idojin kashe gobara suna da daraja sosai. Bayan amfani da Chimneys biyu-biyu, matakan kariya daga wuta za a ɗauka a gaba ko da ma tare da wasu reinsys na samar da tanadin tubwich, tunda duk dokokin bangarorin da aka samo don bututun brick a ƙasa ba a ayyana. Ana biyan kuɗi na musamman don wadatar lasisi daga ƙungiyoyi masu samar da shigarwa, da kuma "takaddun shaida" da kanta daga hayaki kuma bincika kwantena gas.
Muna fatan yanzu, mu masu karatunmu za su yarda da bayanin cewa a cikin gidan zamani (asalin aikin da aka cika) dogaro da tsarin ƙirar bututun hayaki da shigarwa.
Editocin suna godiya Fineline, Inzhkomentre-edd, Nii Km, Vivatex-M, RTB-Hecial Seloservice, "Seel", Interma don Taimako a cikin shirye-shiryen kayan.