Ubwoko bwa chimneys kugirango umutekano winzu yigihugu. Kugereranya ibiciro.
Amatafari ya chint rimwe na rimwe ntahangana nigitero cya acide, cyashinzwe mugihe cyo gukorana na gaze ya none hamwe nubwato bwa lisansi.
Gukoresha ibyuma bya modular "sandwich" byoroshya igishushanyo cyiki gice kinyura hejuru yinzu yo kwiyuhagira
Gahunda yo Kumenya Uburebure bwa Pipepes Kuri Boiler
Teganya kugirango umenye uburebure bwa pipepes yo hejuru yumuriro
Amatafari ashaje arashobora guhabwa ubuzima bushya ukoresheje umurinzi wa polymer wiruka ku bushyuhe bwa 250c
Tube yamatafari akomeye bisaba urufatiro rwihariye kandi rwubatswe icyarimwe hamwe nurukuta
Modular Chimneys Chimneys ikoreshwa kubushyuhe bwamashanyarazi kubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose. Imitsi yimbuto ibaho kumuyoboro urwanya acide. Module irashobora kuba inzira ebyiri
Avamel Racks yatsindiye umwotsi uva kuri lisansi yose;
Ubururu - kubwinyumbu zurukiramende rwurukiramende na ganekeri ahantu hagufi
Agace 45 imwe wenyine;
B-umuyoboro ucecetse;
Kuzamura neza;
Trubnaya Ghomut;
Kabiri 135 hamwe no guhinduranya kabiri;
Erupher 90 hamwe no gucomeka
Chimney kuva umushyitsi hamwe nigikonoshwa cyo hanze cyagombaga guhinduka nyuma yimyaka 4 kurundi
Umukungugumari Module yongera cyane imikorere yububiko bwububiko bwububiko bwitanura. Gushyushya ubushyuhe bwa gaze yinzira zisohoka zubwiherero ikirere cyubwiherero
Ndetse n'icyuma "sandwich" ifite ubushyuhe buke bwo hejuru munsi yumutekano wumuriro bigomba kurengera kuva kurukuta rwimbaho byibuze 200mm
Hamwe no kunyura kuri blal-beam chimney-beam chimney unyuze mumikino yakagosha ahabigenewe umuyoboro, urwego rwamabuye yumuriro rugomba gupfunyika nibura 100m "- ubushyuhe bulatitor + Urupapuro rw'ibyuma (Ubugari bw'impeta ntabwo ari munsi ya 130mm)
Nyir'inzu yanze guhambira umuyoboro wa gakon hamwe nubufasha bwinzu. Igisubizo kibabaje ntabwo cyatinze kugira ingaruka
Bum y'icyuma cy'igihugu cya mirongo ineTeti yakinnye n'abayobozi bashya benshi urwenya rw'igituba: ntanubwo bakeka ko "umucungezo w'ikiruhuko gahoro" yashyizwe mu nzu yabo. Akaga karihishe ku gishushanyo mbonera cy'ibintu nk'ibi bimenyerewe by'inzu y'icyaro nka Chimney. Biragoye kubyizera, ariko imibare ya minisiteri y'ibihe byihutirwa ya vipium: ubuzima amagana na miriyoni z'igihombo ku nkuru y'umuriro n'ibitumizwa kwa karubone kubera kunanirwa mu mirimo ya Chimneys. Nigute wakwirinda ibi?
Umwotsi na pipe: Ibibazo bya Symbiose
Imyaka amagana, Chimney yahoraga yakoreye umuntu. Igikorwa cyacyo nyamukuru ni ugutanga tract. Nibyo, icyarimwe Chimney yagombaga guhora ahangana nuburaro bwumuriro numwotsi, ariko abantu bamaze igihe kinini bamenye neza sisitemu yizewe, itsinze. Amabanga y'abanyamabanga bateye ubwoba yasaga nkaho ari ingwate yo gutsinda hamwe nibikoresho byinshi, bikura nkibihumyo, akazu hamwe nudutsima tujya. Ariko byaragaragaye ko tekinike nshya isaba izindi ikoranabuhanga mu kubaka. Ibi byavutse nkaho bivuye ku ngabo za shobuja zimaze mu rugo, harimo n'abaceri biyemeje gushyira ibintu byose nibintu byose, ntibashobora kumenya. Yubatswe mu musaza. Buri gihe ni gutsinda. Ingaruka zisanzwe zuburyo butari umwuga birashobora kuba ibibazo nkibi nko gusenyuka kwimikorere yatewe nigice cyimbuto kubera ibice bidakwiye, geometrie cyangwa ubwoko bwa chimney; Gukuramo ibibanza byo guturamo hamwe nuburozi bwa karuboni ya karubone kubera kutubahiriza amahame yubwubatsi no kwishyiriraho, ndetse n'Imana! - Umuriro. Gukoresha imiyoboro y'amatafari, nkuko byagaragaye, ntabwo buri gihe bihuye n'amacondation yo gushyushya. Igishushanyo n'ibikoresho bya Chimney biterwa cyane cyane nubwoko bwa lisansi ikoreshwa hamwe nibisobanuro byimikorere yo gushyushya. Ariko amatafari chimney kandi ubu ari ingirakamaro cyane, kurugero, mugihe yaka amakaro akomeye (inkwi, amashyiga hamwe nigitambaro cyo koga hamwe na boialrs). Cyane cyane ko amatafari asanzwe ahujwe nububiko bwubwubatsi bwinyubako iyo ari yo yose. Nubwo bimeze cyane, mubihe byinshi, gushyushya inyubako zigezweho bitanga abatebe bakora cyangwa kuri gaze cyangwa lisansi y'amazi, cyangwa hamwe. Hamwe no gukoresha, imiyoboro y'amazi menshi yashizweho (litiro 1.6 y'amazi kuri 1m3 yaka gaze) kuruta iyo utwikiriye, urugero, inkwi. Ito ihindura cyane "imibereho" ya chimney.Hamwe nibikorwa bisanzwe bya boiler na chimney ishyushye, ubushyuhe bwibicuruzwa byo gutwika muri Chimney Bishobora kugera kuri 150-200 ° C, no ku munwa wacyo - 120-170c, ariko hano imyuka y'amazi imaze gutwarwa hamwe na imyuka yamwotsi mu kirere. Ariko, niba kubwimpamvu runaka yubuso bwimbere bwumuyoboro, ubushyuhe bwicyitwa ikime cyatangiye hepfo, steam itangira kuringaniza no gutura kurukuta. Ubushyuhe bwigihe cyinyubako yinziba iyo itwitse amavuta ya gaze ni 50-55c, ibihangano byamazi, 45, ibiti - 30- 50C, amakara-25c.
Muri shampiyona, niba chimney yagenzuwe nabi, yongerewe ubwiyongere bwubushuhe bubaho imbere. Sulfure, azote na karuboni bya karuboni byakozwe mugihe cya lisansi, guhuza imyuka y'amazi, ifishi na acide na acide ya acide, bituma bihuza cyane. Ibi ni akaga gakomeye, iyi ni imbeho gusa - kubera ubundi buryo bwo gukonjesha no guhekoro muburyo bwo hejuru (kumunwa) wumuyoboro. Acide ntangiye gusenya neza amatafari (rimwe na rimwe nyuma yimyaka 3-4) hamwe nubwa mbere mubyiciro byose bimesa, no kurukuta rwitanura cyangwa ibitonyanga byitanura cyangwa bitonyanga.
Uyu munsi, kubaka chimney utazirikanaga buri gihe imirimo yo mubyifuzo-ikimenyetso cy'umwuga w'abavoka. Uburebure n'ahantu h'umuyoboro wumwotsi byambukiranya ibice bishingiye ku bwoko bwamavuta ya lisansi. Hano hari imbonerahamwe yihariye nibishushanyo kugirango byemerwe. Byongeye kandi, birakenewe kuzirikana ibintu bitandukanye biranga ibikorwa byo gushyushya. Rero, ibibyimba bimwe bifite ibyumba bifunze, mugihe cyo gukora icyo gihe cyo hejuru cyashizweho muri chimney. Nibyiza rero kugirango habeho gukomera kwimiyoboro, bitabaye ibyo ibyago byo kumuriro byiyongera.
Ibishushanyo byinshi byo kubitsa bifite ibikoresho byikora, bikaba byanze bikunze ubushyuhe bwamazi kuri "Gutora-Guhagarika-guhagarika-guhagarika". Ubu buryo buhinduka cyane ibipimo byumubiri bya imyuka isohoka. Ubwinshi bwabo nubushyuhe bwabo bugabanuka cyane, kandi ubushuhe, bunyuranye, ni hejuru yibikomoka kuri "ibicuruzwa gakondo" byashizweho mugihe gikomeye cyo gutwikwa. Kubwibyo, ubushyuhe imbere yimpinduka za chimney. Gukurikira injyana yibisobanuro no gushyiraho gutwika, umuyoboro urimo gushyushya igihe no gukonjesha. Igihe ibitonyanga nkibi biterwa nubwoko bwibikoresho byakorewe, kandi kurwego rwubushyuhe. Ibikoresho bimwe bishyuha vuba kandi binakonje vuba, abandi, kubinyurana. Ubushyuhe bwihuse bwinkuta zunzura irazamuka, ngufi igice cyigihe aho biterana.
Imyuka yiziruka, iva mu kuzigama ingufu cyane, yiswe ubushyuhe-buke, kandi cyane cyane kongereranya, kugwa muri chimney ku bushyuhe buke - 110-130C. Kubera iyo mpamvu, hari abantu benshi bahuza umuyoboro, "umugezi", birakenewe rero gukoresha sisitemu yo kutabogama no gusohoka mu kumurika. Kimwe, kubera ubwinshi bwumwotsi, mumuyoboro rimwe na rimwe ntibufite intego, kandi imyuka igomba gusunika hamwe n'umufana (umwotsi). Uburebure busobanura ko umuyoboro ugomba gukorwa gaze. Kubwibyo, ibitutsi byubushyuhe buke bikunze kugurishwa hamwe na chimney yamaze seaman.
Uwa mbere hamwe nibibazo byateganijwe byahuye nu Burayi bwahuye nu Burayi bwahuye nabatse 50 bwikinyejana gishize. Apioner mu cyemezo cyabo icyo gihe nicyo kigo cyamerika Selkirk, cyasabye uburyo bwo kuvugurura no gusana amatafari ya chimneys. Icyemezo cyari cyoroshye kandi kigira akamaro. Byasabwe kwinjiza umuyoboro ukozwe mubyuma birwanya acide, bikakingiwe ingaruka za condenate.
Uyu munsi, umusaruro wibyo bita ibyuma bya chimneys byahindutse inganda yisi. Bamaze kugerwaho ntabwo basohoza imiyoboro yamatafari, ariko kandi nkibikoresho byigenga byigenga kumashami amwe, itanura nubwoko bwose bwo gushyushya boail hamwe nubwubatsi bushya. Noneho ibi bikoresho byose biragoye hejuru yinzu bimenyereye inkingi y'amatafari. Byongeye kandi, abakora benshi ba boilers bashiraho gusa gukenera guha ibikoresho ibicuruzwa byabo hamwe na modular ya none.
Kugeza ubu, umuryango wa Modular Chimneys wubatswe no muri Ceramics, Plastike ndetse n'ikirahure. Ibikoresho bitwikiriye biterwa cyane nubushyuhe bwa gaze ya farale. Ibuka, ubushyuhe bwumwotsi bufite gutwikwa na lisansi ikomeye birashobora kugera kuri 600c nibindi bisasu bya 400 ° C, hamwe na "gukonjesha" - kugeza kuri 270c.
Ubushyuhe bukabije bumeze neza hamwe no gusomwa no kurwanya ibyuma birwanya ubushyuhe, ceramics hamwe namatafari gakondo. Ku bushyuhe buke (kugeza ku ya 120 ° C), usibye ibimera no mu bubiko, ubwoko bwa plastike (polypropylene na OlivineDenFuoride) kandi ibyangombwa byikirahure birabyemewe. Mubyukuri, ku ikoreshwa ryibikoresho byavuzwe haruguru nuburyo bwose bwibishushanyo mbonera bya chimneys bishingiye. Ariko ibikoresho gakondo ni amatafari.
Gahunda ya chimney
2- Aproni;
3-- ishingiye ku gisenge;
4- Umusozi;
5- Gufunga intera imbere;
6- Urukuta rw'umusozi;
7 - Kanda;
8- Umuyoboro;
9-clamp umuyoboro;
10- Gusubiramo;
11- Kwiyambaza;
12-Tee 90;
13-Gucomeka;
14- Cotele
Ibigize bimwe mubintu muri buri rubanza biratandukanye bitewe nigikorwa cyo gushyushya, murugo nuwabikoze.
Ubwoko bwa kera: Amatafari Chimney
Impanda y'amatafari ni ikintu gikomeye ubwacyo, rero bisaba urufatiro rukwiye. Kubakwa kwacyo bitangira icyarimwe hamwe ninzu; Birumvikana ko imiterere nkiyi iragoye gusenya, ntibishoboka kwimurira ahandi, biragoye gukora imirimo yo gusana. Inyungu zidashidikanywaho ya chimney chimney nikintu kirekire. Nyuma yo kuzamura (ukoresheje modular chimney), irashobora kandi kwemeza imikorere ya gaze n'amazi. Amatafari yubatswe hashingiwe ku kubara gukabije. Ubwa mbere, igice cyambukiranya Chimney cyiyemeje. Urukurikirane rw'ibipimo rwamatafari rutangirana na 130130mm (ku itanura hamwe no kwimura ubushyuhe kuri 3000 KCAL / H), hanyuma 130250mm (ku itanura rifite ubushyuhe kuri 4500 KCAL / H) kandi rwiyongera.Agace kagereranijwe gashobora kugenwa nimbaraga zigikoresho cya lisansi ku gipimo cya cm2 kuri 8 kuri 1 KW 1. Hariho imbonerahamwe idasanzwe yimiyoboro yumwotsi. Ku nkoko, kugirango intego ari ibisanzwe, igice cyambukiranya Chimney kigomba kuba byibuze 10% yitanura rya kilezi. Ubunini bw'inkuta z'umuyoboro umwotsi uteganijwe kuba byibuze MM 120 (igice cyo hanze ntabwo kiri munsi ya 250mm). Ubuso bwimbere ntabwo buhindura, ariko gukuraho neza ibisubizo birenze kuva ku nyanja. Iyo ushimbya imiyoboro, ibisabwa bimwe kugirango igisubizo kigomba kubahirizwa. Igisubizo cya hekeme cyangwa lime-sime gikoreshwa mukanda imiyoboro y'urukuta mucyumba, gusa lime-sime-of tramel hejuru yigiti cyateganijwe na sima - kubashinzwe imiyoboro hejuru yinzu. Mubyukuri, ibisabwa hafi ya byose byamategeko yo kubaka amatafari yatangwa muburyo burambuye muri snip 2,04.051 "Guhumeka no Guhuza hamwe na Stnichi", Umugereka wa Gazi ", Umugen y'ibicuruzwa byo gutwika "), snup 3.03. 01-87" Amategeko yo gutanga umusaruro no kwakira akazi. Inzego z'amabuye. "
Uburebure bwimiyoboro yimbuto yashyizwe kure, bingana nuburebure bwigishushanyo gihamye, kiva hejuru yinzu, cyangwa kirenga, kigomba gufatwa:
ntabwo ari munsi ya 500mm- hejuru yinzu cyangwa hejuru yinzu;
Nibura 5mmmm hejuru yinkoni yinzu hejuru cyangwa parapesiyo ahantu h'umuyoboro ugana kuri m 1,5 kuva kuri skate cyangwa parapet;
Ntabwo munsi yinkoni yinzu cyangwa parapet - aho chimney kuri 1.5-3m kuva kuri skate cyangwa parapet;
Ntabwo ari munsi yumurongo wakozwe muri skate munsi yinguni 10 kugeza kuri horizon - iyo umwotsi wumwotsi uherereye muri skate kure ya 3m.
Munsi yinjira mu mpeshyi yumwotsi, yashyizwe mu gikoresho cyo gushyushya kuri chimneys, igikoresho cya "umufuka" kigomba gutangwa hamwe no gukuramo soot.
Intera kuva hejuru yubutaka bwamatafari yimbuto kuri rafters, ibisanduku nibindi bikoresho byo gutwika imiyoboro ya karumbuka kandi bikaba bitangwa byibuze mm 130 zidafite ubushishozi - 250mm.
Kugirango uzamure imiyoboro yamatafari ya geometrie igoye (sizgybami ya barrel), kimwe no kubaka chimneys nshya, duherutse gukora inzira imwe ishimishije. Turimo kuvuga ikoranabuhanga ryitwa Franflex (Franflex). Intangiriro yacyo ni izi zikurikira: Inzitizi yoroshye ikozwe mu muyoboro wumwotsi, wakozwe ukoresheje ibyokurya bya Sintertike kandi bishimangira fiberglass (Producer- Kompozitor, Hongiriya). Noneho, ku mpera, irahagarara, hanyuma iherezo rimwe ryatewe hamwe na steam ishyushye. Guhinduranya urutoki "bitwike" kandi, kuzamura urukuta rwimbere ya chimney, cyangwa igice cyacyo, niba ukeneye kugabanya igice cyumuyoboro wumwotsi. Munsi y'ibikorwa byubushyuhe, birakomeye (polymerizes) na nyuma yamasaha 2- 4 bizirika hejuru yumuyoboro woroshye, ufunze hejuru yumuyoboro wumwotsi, udatinya kugata ku muyoboro wimbuto, udatinya kugata ku bushyuhe bwimbuto kugeza 250C. Ibitonyanga nkibi byasohotse kugeza kuri 52m birebire na diameter ya 100-500mm. Nk'uko byanyuma, imvura ya plastiki igura hafi 70 kuri 1 p. m ufite diameter ya 150mm.
Modular chimneys
Uyu munsi, imvugo "Modular Chimneys" ikubiyemo moderi zitandukanye zuruganda rwiteguye uruganda, zikozwe mubikoresho bitandukanye, nubwo ubanza (sandwich harahiwe gusa ubwoko bwa chimney ". Ibishushanyo bigezweho bikozwe muri ibyuma bitandukanye, birwanya ubushyuhe aluminum, ibihano na plastiki na plastike, ndetse no kuva mubikoresho. Hagati yabyo moderi zitandukanye cyane. Ubwoko bwose bwa modular chimneys, niko hamene ihame rusange ryo guteranya imiyoboro mubintu byuburyo bwuzuye.
Umutungo wingenzi wa sisitemu ya modular nuburyo bushoboka bwo gutunganya byoroshye hamwe no gutanga ubuke bwizewe bwimiryango. Guhuza module muburyo butandukanye bwa chimneys, birumvikana, biratandukanye. Imiterere ya METALLIC ihujwe na fuse-yubusa cyangwa bayonett, plastike - hamwe nubutaka bworoshye, ibirahure-banyuze mu kapiramurage, ceraarer cyangwa igisubizo cya ceramic cyangwa igisubizo cyangwa igisubizo cyangwa ceraler cyangwa igisubizo cya sima cyangwa igisubizo.
Uyu munsi Modular Chimneys ni ubwoko "abasirikari bose" bashoboye gukorera ku gice icyo aricyo cyose cya "Chimney imbere", kubera ko bihuye nuburyo bwose bwo gushyushya. Sisitemu ya plastiki na Glass Modular ikoreshwa mumahanga kugeza ubu hamwe nubushyuhe buke bwa gaze. Ariko kuri ibyo bikoresho, icyitwa "inzira yagenze", kandi ntihubahijwe ibyo mugihe cya vuba bazagaragara.
Gukurura - Uru nurwego rwikirere mu gice cy'umuyoboro (mu muyoboro), munsi y'ibikorwa byacyo icyerekezo cyakozwe. Hamwe ninyungu karemano, imbaraga zo gutwara zituruka kubera itandukaniro mubucucike bwa gaze yinjira numwuka wo hanze. Ibindi bitandukanya, nibyiza. Ariko, gukurura cyane ntabwo byunguka, kuko biganisha ku gutwika lisansi. Uruhande rukomeye, kunoza gutwikwa, biramenyerewe kongera uburebure bwa chimney, ariko bugabanuka, kuva hejuru cyane umuyoboro, niko kwihangana ni imyuka. Bisa nukaterana kurukuta rwimbere no kuneguro bivuka mugihe icyerekezo cyo kugenda. Kubwibyo, kurugero, igice cya chimney gikizamutsa kizaba cyiza cyane kubitekerezo byiza, aho kuba kare, kandi urukiramende ni rwo rudaharanira inyungu. By the way, igice kinini kinini cyumuyoboro nacyo kigabanya intego: Gaza Genda kumuvuduko muto kandi ufite umwanya wo gukonja, intera iragwa.
Ibyuma bya chimneys
Ukurikije ubwinshi bwa porogaramu, ukurikije umubare wibikorwa byo kwicwa (umubare wibipimo, ibikoresho, Igishushanyo mbonera, Igishushanyo mbonera) hamwe numubare wabakora, Imbeba Modular Imbere ya Modular chimneys.Nibinyabuzima bitatu:
Ingaragu (igishishwa kimwe, kimwe), gikorerwa haba kubyuma byanduye byanduye byanduye ("ibyuma bidafite ishingiro", cyangwa bigarutsweho ibyuma bidasubirwaho;
Urukuta rwome kabiri (Umuzunguruko wikubye kabiri, usuzuguritse, hamwe no kwishinyagurwa hanze no mu gihugu);
Guhinduka (muburyo bwa hose yacecetse), amazina ntarengwa.
Ibyuma bikubye kabiri-SIMINEY ntabwo "urukuta rwikubye kabiri": muburyo ni igice-bitatu "sandwich". Imbere ya kontowi yanduye ibyuma bidafite ishingiro, ni gusa kunyeganyega, bidakunze kwisiga cyangwa umuringa. Umwanya uri hagati ya silinderi yuzuyemo ibintu bitarenze urugero, bidafite amazi cyangwa ibintu bishyuha. Kenshi na kenshi ni ubwoya bwisalt. Nubwo ibindi bikoresho bikoreshwa, kurugero, supersil ubudodo bwa silisiya ("elit"), Basalin (fialin, umucanga wa pearlino (nii km). Ubunini bwa shoulator yubushyuhe akenshi bwa mm 25-30, kandi ibi birahagije kugirango ubushyuhe bwo hanze butarenza 80c. Ariko hariho ibicuruzwa bifite ubunini bwa 50mm nibindi (kugeza 100mm). Chimney imwe ni module imwe ya silinderi (inshuro zirenga 250, 500 na 1000). Usibye module itaziguye ifite umuyoboro, iboneza ririmo ivi, kanda, abakusanya bakingiwe, ibintu bishyigikira, baratuha.p.
Amato yose ya modular yashyizeho ibipimo ngenderwaho by'imbere mu gihugu - 80, 100, imyaka 120, imyaka 120, imyaka 150, ufite imyaka 185, imyaka 250, 400, 450mm. Chimneys yinganda irashobora kugira diameters kugeza 1000mm. Guhitamo igice gishyiraho ubunini bwiburyo bwo gushyushya boiler. Gukora ubushyuhe (bitewe nicyiciro cya steel na Urukuta) biri muri 400-600c. Imiyoboro yakozwe ibyuma ikongerwaho byateguwe ku boro, amashyiga n'itanura rikora kuri lisansi ikomeye. Chimneys kuva "ibyuma bidafite ingaruka" nibyiza byo guha ibikoresho byamazi-lisansi na gaze. Ibishushanyo kimwe bikoreshwa mugushiraho imbere, urukuta rwikubye kabiri hamwe nigunga. Isi yose. Bemerera umugereka bombi ku ruhu rwinzu no imbere hamwe no kunyura mu magorofa y'inyubako nta rwikekwe ku bayobozi. Kubwibyo, abakora batanga module hamwe na matete, ubuso bwasunze kandi bwiyerekanwa. Ibi bya chimeys bitanga ibigo by'amahanga nk'ikirere igihe Raab, Schidel, Bertrams (Ubudage), Ubudage-Ubudage), Fericts (Evain), Elths (Ubwongereza » , Filime, Institute ya KM, Rosinox, Indhkomcentre, "Kugurisha ubushyuhe".
Icyuma Chimneys gifite inyungu nyinshi. Ntibatinya ingaruka zingana. Irashobora gushirwa imbere ya chimneys iriho (hamwe no kuvugurura), kimwe no imbere no hanze yinyubako nkigishushanyo gitandukanye. Twakozwe muburyo bugari rwose bwa diameter yimbere yumuyoboro wumwotsi nubwinshi bwibikoresho byimiyoboro, bituma bihurira na sisitemu zose za lisansi. Byuzuye hamwe nibikoresho byinshi byiyongera bikwemerera gushiraho imisozi ya chimneys. Bafite misa nto, ntibisaba urufatiro rwihariye, gutanga umuvuduko mwinshi, gushushanya. Ibibi birimo ubushobozi buke bwo kwishyigikira no gushaka kwanduza urusaku. Achilles Heel "Ibyuma bitagira ingaruka" - udakunda ko haplogan. Halogens ikubiye mu kubaka ibice, kole, aerosol, ntabwo rero bisabwa gutwika ibintu mumatako yawe arimo ibikoresho.
Umutungo w'ingenzi wa sisitemu y'icyuma udahagarara ni ibigize imiti yicyuma cya chimney. Ababikora mu Burengerazuba kandi beza b'Abarusiya bakurikiza amazina yo hejuru gusa yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ya Steel Austenitic yahagaze neza na Titanium. Ibyuma nk'ibitinga no kurwanya ubushyuhe. Ibi bituma abatanga gutanga chimneys zabo zingwate yimyaka 10. Naho "sandwiches" hamwe numuyoboro wo hanze uva kuri "gasuzumwe", ihendutse ntizishobora kwishyurwa mubuzima bugufi bwibicuruzwa (rimwe na rimwe, niba hashize imyaka 3-5, niba yashyizwe hanze).
Chimney Chimney irashobora guhitamo ikintu cyihariye cyimiterere yicyiciro cya modular chimneys. Bikoreshwa cyane mugufatanije nandi modules yinyuguti imwe imwe n'ibirimo bibiri - nk'igice cya chimney barrel mu kibanza cyacyo. Rimwe na rimwe, iyi module ikoreshwa mu kuzamura imiyoboro y'amatafari ashaje. Bakozwe haba kumurongo umwe, bafata igitambaro gito kuva "ibyuma bidafite ishingiro" cyangwa aluminium, cyangwa urukuta rukumbi, kuva "ibyuma bidafite ishingiro". Iya mbere irasenyutse kandi ihinduka cyane kuruta iya kabiri, ariko biragoye gusukura soot. Gukoresha imiyoboro ya aluminium bigarukira ku bushyuhe bwa 270c.
Module
Sisitemu ya modular ya ceramic (barimo kandi chimneys eshatu) ubu bafite impungenge zivuka rya kabiri. Kuva ku miyoboro isanzwe ya Ceramic, yahinduye "cube nziza" yo kweza ". Iyambere yabakora ibitandukanye bafite ibipimo bidasukuye. Ikigo cya Cube ni umuyoboro wumwotsi-woroshye umuyoboro wa ceramic kuva muri chamot (ubunini kugeza kuri mm 15). Uyu ni umuzunguruko w'imbere. Inkomoko yo hagati yerekana ubwoya bwamabuye y'agaciro, hamwe ninyuma, inyuma hanze mumaso kuruhande bikozwe na beto. Hagati yisuku hamwe nurwego rufatika rutangwa nubusa (imiyoboro), gutanga ibikoresho bikinga biburira ibitotsi no gutakaza imitungo yibanze. Inzoka zimpera zanyuma zishyirwaho (cyangwa ahantu kuri bo), shyira igikoresho cyose gihagaritse kugirango utange gahunda yo gukomera no gukomera. Mubisanzwe, uhereye kuri metero eshatu hamwe numwobo 149-160mm, umuyoboro ugera kuri 1m washinzwe. Ubushyuhe bwakazi bwa chimic ni 400-600c (bitewe nubunini bwibikoresho byumuzunguruko w'imbere). Imitsi nkiyi ikoreshwa muburyo bwose bwa boilers nimpapuro kandi irashobora kunyura haba mu nyubako no hanze. Uruziga rw'abatanga isoko ni ruto: Schidel, Raab, Rane Tone SchonSnSenne, Hart (Ubudage bwose) na Honka Hormi (Finlande).
Ni ubuhe buryo bwa ceramic butangaje? Zirangwa nubushobozi bukomeye bwo kwishyigikira, ntibutinya ingaruka zubushyuhe bwo hejuru kandi bishyira mu bikorwa byo kwishyiriraho, bifite indangagaciro nziza z'ibipimo by'umutekano mu mizi umuriro ndetse no gutegeka amahame yemewe. Ariko icyarimwe, barangwa na misa ikomeye (kuva kuri 80 kg kugeza kuri m 1), bivuze ko bakeneye urufatiro rukwiye, rufite aho bagarukira mubikoresho byinyongera (nozzles) kandi bikaba bisaba ibice byicyuma kugirango bahuze Ishami ryimbuto.
Uni Ceramic Modular Chimneys yegeranijwe mu bice:
Noneho "ceramic" ifata uburebure bushya. Kurugero, Schidel atanga sisitemu ya Keranova kugirango ibe chimneys zishaje, ikorera haba kuri rumusi no kugenzura, hamwe nubundi buryo bwo guhumeka hamwe nimiyoboro ibiri yo kubaka ibirombe byubaka (imyaka 30 garanti). Kubera ko module nk'iyi yoroshye ku mwanya ahantu hose wifuzaga, baziyongera ko byoroshya kubaka urugo rushya kandi bakemerera inyubako ishaje nta giciro kinini cyo gukora ubwumvikane. Sisitemu ya Quadro ituma bishoboka gukora Chimney Chimney kubatere hamwe nurugereko rufunze kandi rusohoka umwotsi hejuru yinzu, ntabwo ari ku rukuta, munsi ya Windows. Muri chimney, umwuka wo mumuhanda unyura mu cyuho kiri hagati ya chamotte umuyoboro w'imbere n'akagari kabo hanze, gushyushya ubushyuhe bw'imyenda ishimishije, yongera imikorere ya lisansi. By the way, bisa no gushyiraho chimneys, ariko bikozwe mubyuma byanduye, bitanga rosinox mu mikino yo mu mbaruka, muri module y'ibyo urukuta rw'ibirimo ndetse n'inzira imwe yo guhuzwa.
Gukubita imbogamizi ya Hybrid ya Axis na chimney eshatu chimney irashobora kwemezwa aho umuzenguruko w'imbere ugizwe nicyuma kitagira ingano, hamwe na beto yo hanze. Bikoreshwa kuri modular chimneys, birashoboka gutongana ko ibyiza bya sisitemu nkiyi birenze amakosa.
Twakagombye kwibukwa ko atari ibyuma bitagira ingaruka mbi icyarimwe kandi irwanya ubushyuhe. Mu masoko yo kubaka, chimney itagira ingaruka ku bwinshi, ariko burigihe bakeneye gusobanura ikirango. Icyiciro cyicyuma kirwanya ibyuma kirimo ibirango hamwe nijanisha rinini rya Chromium, Titanium na Nikel, nka 10x18n9t, 12x1n10, 10x23n18. Yabaye AISI 316L, Aisi 310s, mu Burayi, en 1.4404, en 1.4539, en 1.4845.
Inteko ya modular chimney
Umuyoboro wa modular chimney yo gusebanya hashobora kwegurwa ibintu 6-8 byo guterana. Ikintu nyamukuru cy'iteraniro, birumvikana ko imiyoboro ya chimney barrel iterana. Uburebure busanzwe busanzwe ni bukurikira: 250, 500 na 1000mm. Abakora ibicuruzwa bidahatirwa bemerewe gukora imiyoboro yo gukata ubunini bwifuzwa, ariko benshi muribo ntabwo.Chimney Barrel ishyirwa mu buryo butaziguye mu buryo butemewe n'amategeko igikoresho cyo gushyushya (verisiyo ya ADSADAL), cyangwa ni imwe muriyo hakoreshejwe uburyo bukwiye kandi burimo tes, kanda, rimwe na rimwe (Urukuta). Nubwo ubwinshi bwikibazo cyegeranijwe atari kinini, nyamara, agomba kwishingikiriza ku kintu runaka. Kubwibyo, inkunga ihuriweho, gushyigikira amajwi n'amasahani bikoreshwa. Urutonde rwibintu byateguwe kuri buri wese wakozwe. Batoranijwe hashingiwe kuri misa ya chimney, uburebure bwarwo kandi buranga ibintu. Kubera ko modular chimney idahagije yo kwishyigikira gusa, igomba kwemezwa ku curano iyobora urukuta.
Igice cyigice cya Chimney yakusanyirijwe hamwe kugirango ishyireho ibintu byubugenzuzi, guhuza amakuru, ababogamiye cyangwa bakusanyirijwe hamwe nabo barashobora gukoreshwa. Impande zose zifatika zikorwa ukoresheje amavi cyangwa imiyoboro itoroshye (ishyirwa mu bikorwa). Gukoresha umuyoboro byoroshye wo guhuza igikoresho cya Chimney kigufasha kwishyura indahiro hamwe nimbuto zamashanyarazi nkeya zatewe no kunyeganyega. Kurwanya ibya nyuma, abantu badasanzwe nabyo birakoreshwa. Kuburyo bwizewe bwa module, clamp yinjira ikoreshwa, ariko moderi zimwe na zimwe zigura kandi zitabafite, gahunda ya bayonett irakoreshwa. Usibye clamps yoroheje, gukomera kwa chimney trink birashobora kandi gukenerwa kurukuta cyangwa imbere yamatafari ariho, mugihe akazi gakorwa kuri sisitemu yose yumwotsi. Iziba zirashobora kugira ishyirwa mu bikorwa ritandukanye n'abakora batandukanye, ariko uko byagenda kose, umubare wabo ugenwa n'ibyifuzo by'abatanga. Igice kinyuze mu gisenge gisaba kwitabwaho bidasanzwe. Hano hari ibintu byihariye hamwe na furrons bikozwe mubuyobozi, umuringa, ibyuma byihuse cyangwa bidasubirwaho, byateguwe kubice bitandukanye bya skate kandi bikaba bitwikiriye hejuru yinzu. Apron itanga ikimenyetso cyumuntu wumuyoboro nibishoboka kwaguka. Icyuho kiri hagati y'umuyoboro ubwacyo no gutwikira nozzle kiregereje ku kashe irwanya ubushyuhe, cyemeza ko nta ruhara rwizewe n'ahantu hahuriweho hamwe n'ibishoboka byo kwagura umuyoboro. Hano hari ibisambo byinshi ku isoko, kurugero, RTV kuva donededeal (USA), "Pentelast" kuva "Penta Yunion" (Uburusiya) Idr.
Hanyuma, igisenge "kirarengana". Umuyoboro muto (1.5-3m uva hejuru yurwego) urashobora kwihagararaho wigenga nkigishushanyo mbonera. Ufite uburebure bunini, haba konsole ishyigikira cyangwa kurambura bisanzwe bikorwa. Nkibintu byanyuma bya chimney byarangiye Koresha igitambaro cyo guterana, gutandukana no gupfobya hamwe na cap ya anti-shed. Usibye ibi bintu by'ibanze, module zitandukanye zirashobora gukoreshwa: Umufana wa Umwotsi, Guceceka, Guhindura Impamyabukira Kubungabunga benshi muribo byateganijwe nibiranga igice cyo gushyushya.
Kuvugurura ibya kera
Inzira yo guteranya Chimney ibaho muburyo bugoye mugihe cyo kuzamura umuyoboro wamatafari. Nyuma yo kumenya umubare usabwa wo guterana, batangira gutandukana hejuru yinzu kandi, nkuko bakura, bamanura umuyoboro kumuti. Muri kiriya gihe, idirishya ryihariye rigomba gutegurwa mugice cyayo cyo hepfo aho "isano" ya Chimney "ihujwe" na boiler yimbuto. Muri icyo gihe, module ishyigikira yateguwe (uburyo bwayo bwatoranijwe bitewe nigishushanyo mbonera cyahantu). Gukosora modular chimney yakusanyirijwe mubyanjye b'amatafari hamwe ninyubako no kumanura, ahantu hakoreshwa ahantu hakoreshwa (clamps). Niba hari amavi no kuzunguza inzira yo kuzamura, umuyoboro woroshye wuburebure urimo, bigufasha kunyuramo ibice (murwego rwakarere ka curvature kora umuyoboro wumwotsi).
Kubyerekeye ibiciro byingenzi
Itandukaniro mubiciro byiburyo bwa modular mukora abakora batandukanye birashobora kugera kuri 25-30%. Byinshi cyane, ikirango nubwinshi bwibyuma byakoreshejwe, ubwoko bwa butt hamwe nimpapuro zishyizwe ahagaragara hano. Igiciro cya modular chimneys kuva abakora ibirusiya (biteganijwe ko ibyuma bitumizwa mu mahanga) bizaba biri munsi ya 15-20%.Igiciro cyongera igihe gito (kugeza kuri 60%) hamwe nurupapuro rwiyongera nubunini bwinkumi (kugeza 80%). Amaraso hejuru azatwara 5%.
| Izina ryibintu | PC. | Abakora Ikirusiya | Abakora Amahanga | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Elits | RTB. | Rosinox. | Fireline. | Bofill. | Yeremiya. | Rab. | Schidel. | ||
| Companteud Emera hamwe no gusohoka kuruhande | imwe | 100.0 | 25.0 | 21,4. | 36.0. | 25.0 | 69,1 | 77.0. | 83.0 |
| Tee-Gusubiramo | imwe | 162.0 | 139,7 | 129,2 | 51.9 | 86,4. | 163,1 | 228.0 | 148.0 |
| Tee 90. | imwe | 150.0 | 11.6. | 119,2 | 126.5 | 130.0. | 163.0 | 307.0 | 105.0 |
| Umuyoboro, l = 1m | 10 | 100.0 | 92,2 | 129,2 | 82.5 | 89.0 | 112.0. | 141.0 | 120.0. |
| Ikintu cyo hejuru | imwe | 65.0. | 40.9 | 35.8. | 32.9 | 38.5 | - | 46.0. | 38.3. |
| Inkunga ya Console | imwe | 115.0. | 76.6 | 96.9 | 56.6 | 104.0. | 59,4. | 75.0 | 72,7 |
| Urukuta | 3. | 22.0 | 12,1 | 25.3. | 25.7 | 23,3. | 21,4. | 39.0 | 23.0 |
| Truber Clamp | 13 | 5.0 | 3.5 | 6.8. | 5.4. | 2.5 | Harimo | 16.0 | Harimo |
| Agaciro hamwe na vat | 1723.0 | 1320.0. | 1858.0. | 1279.0 | 1386.6 | 1639.0 | 2198.0 | 1716.0 | |
| Kugereranya: Igiciro cya Sisitemu ya Ceramic Uni (kuva Schidel) - 975; Amatafari Chimney ku kigero cya miliyoni 70 / m, hamwe nakazi- 780. |
Imbonerahamwe igereranya yagaciro kamwe-tube / imiyoboro ibiri ya module yuburebure bwa pie 1000mm, $
| Ikinyago | Imbere ya diameter 130mm | Imbere ya Diameter 150mm | Imbere ya Diameter 180mm | Imbere Diameter 200mm |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selkirk. | 22.44 / 98.85 | 27.51 / 112,54 | 33.3 / 126.6. | 39.1 / 148.39 |
| Rab. | 35/99 | 40/1133 | 4/127. | 50/149. |
| F.F.BafIll (Yashyizweho) | 18.02 / 58.6 | 20.01 / -66,11 | 25,02/7,64. | 27.35 / 88.65 |
| 8.0 | 9.34. | 12,01 | 20,01 | |
| Bertrams (enamel / aluminium) | 48/2 | - | - | - |
| Hild | - | 23/80 | 29/86 | 31/93 |
| Yeremiya. | 20.04 / 76.03 | 30.41 / 87.78 | 27.65 / 100.22. | 30.41 / 111.97 |
| Elits | 21.5 / 80. | 23.5 / 84. | 28 / 88.7 | 31 / 97,5 |
| Km | 15.8 / 38.6.6 | 22.1 / 49,12 | - | - / 59,65 |
| Fireline. | - | 20.6 / 61.8 | 24.7 / 74,2 | 27.5 / 82.5 |
| "Indhkomcentre" | 15.4 / 32.6. | 16.8 / 35.4 | 18.1 / 38.8. | 19.9 / 43,2 |
| Rosinox. | 17.7 / 54.8. | 19.7 / 61.8 | 24.6 / 74,4. | 26.9 / 82.9 |
Umutekano wumuriro
Umwotsi wumutekano wumuriro - imiterere ikenewe kugirango ikore. Itangirana no guhitamo neza igishushanyo ubwacyo n'aho kwishyiriraho mu kwishyiriraho ibiyobyabwenge bifatika n'imbaraga z'umuryango wihariye ufite uruhushya.
Kubera ko ubushyuhe bw'akazi bwakomoto bw'umuyoboro bugomba kwihanganira ubushyuhe muri 1000 ° C (ubushyuhe bwo gutwika) mu minota 30, ni ngombwa cyane kwirinda kugura ibicuruzwa cyangwa impimbano. Biragaragara ko chimney yakozwe muburyo butari Frero, bitinde bitebuke bizaganisha kumuriro cyangwa kwinjira mumwanya wa karubone. Mugihe cyo kubaka chimney, birakenewe kandi kubahiriza ibyifuzo byose kumubururu hejuru yubuso bushyushye bwumuyoboro ahantu hashoboka. Igomba kwibukwa ko igiti kimwe gifite contacran yigihe kirekire hamwe na (100 ° c) hejuru yubuso bukunze kwiyongera. Kubwibyo, igisenge cyo hejuru cyubushyuhe cyashyizwe hejuru yumuyoboro winyuma wumuyoboro, kandi mugihe cyo guhinduka kubikoresho bikomoka, 85c. Nyuma yo kurangiza imirimo yo kwishyiriraho, umuvugizi wa fire agomba kumenya neza ko amahame yose ahire yuzuye yubahwa. Nyuma yo gukoresha urukuta rukubye kabiri, ingamba zo kurengera umuriro zizafatwa hakiri kare ndetse no mu byororoka, amategeko yose agomba kubahiriza ingingo zateguwe ku miyoboro y'amatafari, kubera ko chimneys yo mu bwoko bwa sandwich hepfo ntabwo yasobanuwe. Yitondewe bidasanzwe ku bijyanye no kuboneka kw'imiryango itangaza, kimwe na "Icyemezo" ubwacyo cya Chimney no kugenzura ibikoresho bya gaze.
Turizera ko ubu, abasomyi bacu bazemeranya n'amagambo ko munzu igezweho (ikintu cyacyo ari chimney) kwizerwa ahanini igishushanyo mbonera cyibikoresho byo kuvuza umwotsi no kwishyiriraho.
Abanditsi barakoze fiseline, Indhkomtre-Udd, Nii Km, Vivatex-m, STB-ubushyuhe Seloservice, "Sidel", Interma kugirango ifashe mugutegura ibintu.