Ku Russia, lamulo latsopano la Federal linakhazikitsidwa, kudziwa malamulowo kwa 80 miliyoni pafupifupi miliyoni miliyoni kuchokera ku Januware 1, 2019. Kodi chidzasintha chiyani?
Chithunzi: StudTerock / Photodom.ru
Nthawi zambiri, kanyumbayo ndi nyumba ya tchuthi, nyumba yachipatala, ndi gulu laumoyo, komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndi zipatso zamasamba, ndi zipatso zopangira masamba patebulo.
Kusintha Maudindo
Lingaliro lochita bwino m'dziko lina nthawi zosiyanasiyana linali kuchita utumiki wachilengedwe, utumiki wachidule wachigawo, utumiki wa kukula kwachuma. Zotsatira za njira zosiyanasiyana zotere ndikusowa kwa data pama adche ndi masamba, chifukwa, molingana ndi ziyeso zodziyerekeza kwambiri, gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mabanja a dziko silinalembedwe.Kukhazikitsidwa kwa lamulo latsopano ndikofunikira kuti mudziwe mawu ambiri, ndipo adzathandizanso kuthana ndi mavuto azachuma, monga kulumikiza ndi ma gradis, mpweya, kupezeka kwamadzi.
Lingaliro la "famu ya dziko" siligwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, kuyambira chaka cha 2019, mayanjano a nyumba zamalima, wamaluwa ndi wamaluwa amatha mitundu iwiri yokha - mgwirizano wanyumba.
Kusintha uku ndi njira yolowera kusinthiratu kosavuta, chifukwa m'gulu la madongosolo omwe madontho angakhale ophatikizidwa. Chifukwa chake, mawu oti "mayanjano", ogwirizana ", mgwirizano" uyenera kutha kuchokera mayina. Kusintha dzina kumakopa mawonekedwe ndikusintha. M'mayiko a mabanja omwe si ophatikiza masamba omwe satifiri, ndizosatheka kuti mumange kunyumba, ngakhale zitakhala kuti nyengo nyengo yake. Padziko lapansi, lomwe lili ndi nthawi yovuta, ndizotheka kumanga nyumba zachuma zosakhala zopanda ntchito zosunga zopanga kapena zogulitsa. Ngati zomangamanga patsamba la chizindikiro sizimakwaniritsa izi, simudzalembetsa ufulu wa malowo mpaka mtundu wa malo ololedwa patsamba lisinthidwe.
Chonde dziwani: Ngati pakadali pano pali mawonekedwe patsamba lanu lomwe lili ndi "dimba", ndipo muli nacho kale chikalata choyenera cha malowa cha katunduyu, sikofunikira kuti mupitenso.
Magulu Osamalira Amakhala Omwe Amachita zokha. Nthawi yomweyo, palibe amene ali ndi ufulu wofunsa kuti asinthe pa mgwirizano wapamunda. M'matsamba am'munda, mutha kumanga nyumba zikuluzikulu (kukhala ndi maziko), kuphatikizapo nyumba zokhalamo.
Malinga ndi Lamulo Latsopano, Malipiro Olowera, Wamaluwa Komanso Olima Maluwa Tsopano Amalipira Ndalama Zapachaka ndi Kuganizira Zosowa Zapamwamba - Wolima aliyense nawonso adzafunikanso kupereka pazomwe zimaperekedwa limodzi ndi onse
MALANGIZO OTHANDIZA
Kukonzekera ndi Kukula Kwamanja Kulimako Zidzagwiritsidwanso ntchito zofunikira kwambiri zoperekedwa pa Snop 30-02-97. Nyumba yayikulu, nyumba yamunda yogwiritsira ntchito nyengo, magawa ndi nyumba zachuma zitha kuyikidwa pamalo owonera mundawo. Izi zitha kuperekedwa pa umwini (ndikupereka misonkho, inde). Tikukumbutsani kuti Dacha amreyo azidzakulitsidwa, koma kuti alembetse katundu kuyambira 2017, timafunikira dongosolo laukadaulo (mtengo wa ma ruble 10,000). Zowona, kapangidwe ka mpaka 50 mma silingalembetsedwe.
Timayang'anatu chidwi chanu: mutu wa mipanda m'mipanda yomwe ilipo kwambiri pazaka zambiri, ndizophweka. Malinga ndi zomwe zalembedwa mu Snop 30-02-97, mitanda yoyimilira ndi kutalika kwa 2 m nthawi zambiri imaletsedwa, ndipo pakati pa malo oyandikana nawo, mpanda uyenera kupangidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimadumphira. Komabe, palibe lamulo limodzi la chilamulo lomwe lingaletse kukambirana oyandikana nawo ndi kupha malo awo moyenera. Kuphatikiza apo, mgwirizano umayenera kudziwa malamulowo pawokha omwe akukhudzana ndi mipanda.
Kumbukirani: Ngakhale mpanda ukaukitsidwa m'njira yoti malamulo onse omwe alipo aphwanyidwa, ndizotheka kuichotsa ndi lingaliro la khothi. Ngati mwininyumbayo sakuthamangira kuchita izi, mutha kulumikizana ndi ntchito yaifinyo.
Chithunzi: StudTerock / Photodom.ru
Gawo ndi sitepe: kulembetsa chiwembu ndi nyumba
- Tikusangalatsidwa ndi gawo la boma la boma la boma la Federal, Cadastre ndi Cartography, komwe mgwirizano wanu udzakhala, kuitanira injini ya Cadestral popanga dongosolo lophatikizika.
- Pambuyo pazofunikira zomwe zimapangidwa (nthawi zambiri chifukwa izi sizitanthauza kukhalapo kwa eni ake), timapeza pasipoti ya caddatral.
- Lemberani ku maluso aluso kuti akonzekere dongosolo laukadaulo wa nyumbayo.
- Timalipira ntchito ya boma.
- Kutsitsa pepala kudzera pa intaneti "zolemba zanga" ku Roseestr. Timalandila kuchotsera ngongole yolumikizidwa ndi malo ogulitsa nyumba.
Gawo limodzi - mgwirizano umodzi
Malinga ndi lamulo latsopano, gawo lochititsa nzika zamuumba kapena m'munda wawo ndi gawo, malire a zomwe atsimikizika molingana ndi gawo lino.Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuchokera kwa Chaka Chatsopano chitsimikizo cha kugwedezeka kwa maziko chidzakhala chovomerezeka: gawo limodzi ndi mgwirizano umodzi.
Mpaka pano, mabungwe angapo azalamulo amatha kuchita gawo limodzi - mabungwe omwe si opindulitsa, komanso gawo lonse logwiritsa ntchito malamulo onse ovomerezeka ndi mabungwe omwe ali okha.
Pakachitika mikangano, padzakhala chiwembu chomwe chidakhala nacho choyambirira chomwe chidapangidwa kale kuposa ena. Pakakhala pokonzekera polojekiti ndi kupanga kupanga, gawo lachiwiri (komanso lotsatira) lingathe kuchotsedwa ndi chigamulo, ngati sichichita izi.
Pomaliza, kulekanitsa gawoli kudzakhala kothandizanso kukonza madera opangira madzi. Mzere wamadzi wapakati ndi wokwera mtengo, kotero matalala amakonda kubowola aliyense kapena General (magawo angapo) bwino. Ndizokwera mtengo kwambiri komanso zazitali (kuti mupeze chiphaso cha madzi m'madzi kwa zaka 25, ndikofunikira kupanga luso lambiri ndikulandila zovomerezeka, malinga ndi zigawo zodziyerekeza, ma ruble 500,000). Pakadali pano, wamaluwa ndi wamaluwa amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zitsime wamba popanda chilolezo kwa zaka ziwiri zakubwera (mpaka 2020). Amaganiziridwa kuti kwa nthawi yaulendo wotembenukirawu, njira yosavuta yopezera zitsime za STT ndikukonzekera.
Ndalama zolumikizirana
Ndikofunikira kuti zopereka (pali mitundu iwiri yokha, palibe kulowa kwina) kudzalipira osakhala ndalama. Ma daachits alandila ndalama zolipirira, zopereka zidzawerengedwa ku banki ya mgwirizano. Izi ndi zabwino, chifukwa sikofunikira kuzisunga pampando wa pampando, kenako kulembetsa mu akauntiyo. Inde, ndi kuzunzidwa, kuchitira chuma kwachuma ndi zachinyengo zosemphana ndi ndalama zomwe zimalandilidwa kwa ogulitsa, ziyenera kukhala zochepa.
Anthu payekhapayekha ndi anthu omwe safuna kulowa mamembala a horticaul mgwirizano, malinga ndi lamulo lakale, sayenera kulipira zopereka pa pa tsiku ndi mamembala a mgwirizano. Tsopano, kuwonjezera pa kulima nthawi zonse kwa ntchito zothandizira kugwiritsa ntchito (madzi, opepuka, gasi, ngati akufotokozedwa mwachidule, kutetezedwa), chitetezo).
Tiyenera kunena kuti ndi kutanthauza ntchito zatsopano komanso ufulu wa anthu opezeka payekha. Amatha kutenga nawo mbali pamisonkhano yayikulu ya mamembala a magwiridwe antchito a horticalramir, kuvota pazokhudzana ndi pafupipafupi komanso kuchuluka kwa zoperekazo. Chokhacho chomwe sichingasinthe sichikugwirizana ndi anthu pa zisankho za tcheyamani ndi bolodi.
Kugulitsa Zowonjezera za Munda Wawo kapena Munda Wamasamba kapena Munda Watsopano Siwokhazikitsidwa, chifukwa, sikofunikira kuti amvetsetse momwe akugulitsira, kubiriwira kapena ma radish sadzafunikira. Chifukwa chake, pochita, nkhaniyo ithetsedwa, yomwe mwina ilibe: pakusa mwakuwongolera olamulira.
Kusamalira Mgwirizano
Wapampando wa mayanjano amasankha zaka 5 (nthawi yapitayo anali zaka zochepa - 2). Padzakhala nthawi ya mphamvu za mgwirizano wa gulu la bolodi, ntchito yofufuzira. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kuchuluka kwa matupi owongolera a mgwirizano mu mzere tsopano ndi wopanda malire.
Nthawi yomweyo, malamulo omwe amakhudza kuphatikiza ulamuliro kuchokera kwa tcheyamani wa mgwirizano, womwe sukulimbana ndi kukwaniritsidwa kwa ntchito zawo, khalani olimba mtima. Chairman (kapena mamembala a bolodi, kapena odetsedwa m'manja mwa olemba) akhoza kusankhidwa. Pa izi, ndikofunikira kuphatikiza msonkhano wodabwitsa pakufuna pafupifupi zisanu kuchokera ku chiwerengero chonse cha mamembala.
Chonde dziwani: mamembala a bolodi ndi abale awo sangakhale gawo la ntchito yowunikira.
Lamulo latsopanoli likukhazikitsa kuchuluka kwa mamembala a Board - osachepera atatu, koma osapitilira 5% ya chiwerengero cha mamembala a mgwirizano. Gulu lalikulu kwambiri likhala lovuta kwambiri kuposa ntchito yabwino. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha kuwongolera zisankho zopangidwa ndi bolodi, ndikofunikira kuti nthawi yomweyo mamembala awo adapita, atolerenso zovuta. Kuphatikiza apo, mamanears ochulukirapo, omwe amapereka chiwalo chambiri pa iwo.
Mamembala amgwirizano ali ndi ufulu wokwaniritsa malipoti owerengera kuwerenga ndikulandira makope a zikalata, koma osamasulidwa. Kukula kwa bolodi kuyenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi msonkhano wachiwiri.
Zatsopano zofanizira zosakhala olipira ndi malamulo a defosirov sizipereka. Zolakwika zoyipa zitha kuperekedwa kwa mamembala a mgwirizano, koma ndizosatheka kuletsa ufulu wofala - misewu, ma gridi amphamvu, zopereka madzi, nsanja ya zopereka zinyalala. Koma sindingathe kuvota pamsonkhano waukulu wotere. Ndi ngongole zimafunikirabe kufotokozedwa kukhothi.
Chithunzi: StudTerock / Photodom.ru
Katundu wamba
Katundu wa ntchito wamba tsopano adzakhala mu eni eni nthaka omwe ali mkati mwa malire a gawo la mgwirizano. General Dziko Lapansi ndi malo okhala pamsewu womwe misewu imayikidwapo, kulumikizana kwamadzi ndi gridi yamphamvu imakonzedwa. Lamulo latsopanoli limaletsa dera lalikulu la mayiko awa, koma kwa iwo okhalitsa zomwe zikadapangidwa pambuyo pa kubereka kwake - kuyambira 20 mpaka 25% ya lalikulu, yomwe imalandidwa ndi ziwembu zonse.Kuchuluka kwa katundu wonse kudzagawidwa molingana ndi malo omwe ali ndi ziwembu. Nthawi yomweyo, mwini malowo alibe ufulu wogawa gawo lake lamanja la katundu wamba, komanso apatuka gawo lake kapena kuchita chilichonse chomwe chimaphatikizapo kufalitsa gawoli paderalo padera.
Pali funso lokhala ndi misonkho kuchokera ku katundu wamba. Mpaka pano, misonkho pamtunda ndi katundu wamba imalipira ndi ndalama zomwe sizimalipiritsa pazachipatala zapachaka. Tsopano lidzatheka kulipira msonkho pawokha, molingana ndi malo okhala m'mudzi wadziko lapansi ndipo, molingana ndi gawo lomwe mwapeza nawo. Izi sizibweretsa mapindu apadera, koma zingathe kuwongolera kaya zopereka zonse zopita ku bajeti ya boma. Pakachitika banbulo, izi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti tisakhale ndi ngongole zonse ngongolezo.
Dziwani kuti umwini wa malamulo watsopano sungathe kugawidwa kukhala gawo, koma kupereka gulu lonse lalamulo - mwachitsanzo, kusamutsa msewu kwa akuluakulu aboma. Pankhaniyi, kukonza, kukonza ndi kuponyera kwina kudzachitika chifukwa cha bajeti yakomweko. Komabe, pali kukayikira kuti zokhumba zotere zimapezeka.
Misonkho
Misonkho yamatunda idawerengedwa kuchokera ku cadleral yamtengo wapatali, ndipo mitengoyo idakhazikitsa olamulira mu 0,1 mpaka 0.3%. Chifukwa chake, m'magawo amenewo komwe mtengo wamtunda umakwera (mwachitsanzo, m'magawo am'madzi, komwe, malinga ndi ziyeso zazikulu kwambiri), msonkho wa ambiri anali wamkulu kwambiri. Makamaka okonda anthu ambiri omwe ali pakati pa eni malo amdziko. Pachifukwa ichi, adasankhidwa kuti atulutse anthu osungirako anthu ku nyumba zakunyumba.
Kuphatikiza apo, mapindu owonjezera amatha kukhazikitsidwa ndi malamulo akomweko, omasulidwa ku msonkho.
Dziwani kuti kuyambira pachiyambi cha 2018, njira yofunsira madulidwe ammisope idasinthidwa. Tsopano magulu omwe ali ndi msonkho ali ndi mutu (osafunikira, monga kale) palimodzi ndi mawu oti atumizireni zikalata zotsimikizira ufulu wotsimikizira ufulu wotsimikizira. Zolemba zotere zikaperekedwa, ulamuliro wamsonkho malinga ndi zomwe zatchulidwazi ponena zofunikira kuchokera kutchire zovomerezeka, kenako ndikudziwitsa okhometsa msonkho pazotsatira zake.
Mgwirizano wa Horticatural Conser Unale womwe umakhala m'derali ungakhale wodalirika kwa eni nyumba zonse ngati nyumba zake zili ndi moyo wapachaka, ndipo dzikolo lidapangidwa kuti likhale lomanga nyumba.
Mantha a dacnikov
Pakadali pano, Lamulo silinalowemo, ndizovuta kunena kuti ndizopambana bwanji ndipo zidzakhala moyo wa wamaluwa ndi mawu oyamba.
Komabe, pali mphindi zingapo kuti mumvere chidwi tsopano.
- Choyamba, m'Chilamulo Chatsopano palibenso zinthu zothandizira boma laulimi (ndipo izi ndikupeza ndalama zokonza misewu yakale kapena kupangidwa kwatsopano, kukonza kwa Gridi yamphamvu, bungwe lazinthu zamankhwala). Vuto ndikuti m'madera omwe ntchito zakumaloko zimalandiridwa ndi malamulo opanga malamulo akomweko zimayenera kusinthanso malamulo m'derali.
- Kachiwiri, nkhani yolumikiza ndi grids yamphamvu inalibe. Mpaka pano, ma daisi amayenera kungomaliza pangano lomwe silikhala ndi boma. Zotsatira zake ndi ndalama za magetsi kwa anthu okhala m'mwezi ndizokwera kwambiri, makamaka zimamverera eni nyumba m'malo osagwirizana ndi akazi.
- Chachitatu, sizodziwikiratu momwe kugawana kolemetsa kwa udindo kumachitika kumachitika chifukwa cha kusagwirizana. Munda (masamba) ungakhale bungwe lalamulo, mamembala ake ali malo ake opezeka pamagawo ena. Pankhani ya banpopt, aliyense wa ST Snt ayenera kuyankha ndalama (gawo lake la katundu).
- Chachinayi, palibe kumvetsetsa bwino kwa zomwe ndi zomwe zakhazikitsidwa m'mundamo komanso ngati mukufunikiranso nyumba zakunja.
Mulimonsemo, tikukhulupirira kuti cholinga cha chilamulo chatsopano ndikupanga njira yatsopano, yovomerezeka komanso yam'munda - adzakwaniritsidwa, ndipo okhalamo adzakwaniritsidwa.