Previously, the cellar was sure to be in every rustic. In modern country houses, it was replaced by refrigeration chambers and wine rooms.
More recently (some 100 years ago) in each rustic hut or estate was required. Due to the reduced temperature (about 3-12 ° C), milk, vegetables, sauer cabbage, crispy salty cucumbers were well preserved in it ... However, technical progress does not stand still. Daily country houses instead of the cellar are increasingly using refrigeration chambers and cooled wine storage rooms.
And the refrigerator, and wine storage room in a country house is a closed space of a small volume (usually 3-25m3), equipped with a door with a hermetic entrance and racks. Inside its refrigerator maintains a reduced temperature, optimizes humidity and air mobility. Similar "Arctic" microclimate also retain household refrigerators, freezers and wine cabinets. However, with the help of only one chamber, it is possible to save so much perishable products as it will not be able to accommodate a dozen to the failure of the clogged freezers. Of course, for the possession of a cooled volume of several dozen cubic meters will have to pay some sorts of 100-150 thousand rubles. But the exploitation of this kind of storages (especially if they are properly constructed and equipped with refrigeration equipment of suitable power) is usually no more expensive than 1-2 s. Rubles. instez (electricity costs), which, you see, not too much at today's prices.
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Photo S.I. Morgunovy | 
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Ina taste, and on color!
According to the temperature regime, refrigerators are divided into medium-temperature (inside the temperature -5 ... + 5c or 5-12c) and low temperature (-15 ...- 25С). Secondly, it is convenient to store the supply of perishable products, such as large pieces of meat (up to beef, pork or lamb) or frozen fish. Popular oases of cold have hunters and fishermen. More often, however, in country houses there are medium-temperature cameras. Even saves gastronomic and sausage products, cheeses and canned homemade cooking. Such cameras are in demand if it is necessary to preserve a large harvest of vegetables and fruits grown by their own or purchased on cheap autumn sales from agricultural producers. It will be very useful to the medium-temperature refrigerator and in the house of the elderly: it is not easy for them to get into stores, and the food supply in the house, occasionally replenished with children and grandchildren, is very useful.Pros and cons of premise-collapsible refrigeration chambers and wine rooms
pros
1. Completely replace the cellar in the country house.
2. Can be collected in any room.
3. "Hold" cold 2-3 days without electricity.
Minuses
1. Do not refer to the category cheap.
2. Do not always correspond to the design of the room where they are installed.
3. For service it is necessary to attract specialists.
4. Service life - 15-25 years.
However, far from always mediterranean refrigerators are used to save food. Some placed there fur coats and other fur products. As is known, in furs under reduced temperatures (4-6c), the larvae of moths are not developing, the pile will not fill, and the enemy does not crack. Inwhelming, where air humidity is supported at a given level, collectors hold pictures and other works of art. Separately, you should mention the chambers for storing colors (sealing and rhizomes to finished products) - they are interested in those who grow them in their plot and is engaged in floral business.
Chamber designer
The greatest distribution was obtained by team-collapsible refrigeration chambers from polyurethane foam sandwich panels (thermopanels) thickness 80, 100 or 120mm coated with corrosion sheets of metal (in the wall panels, the metal thickness is 0.4-0.6 mm, in total - to 1, 2mm, so that the legs of the loaded racks do not clarify it). When assembling the camera, the panels are connected to each other either using them from the enemy-type profiles (for the "Connect" enough to close the ends of the adjacent panels to each other, compacting the joint with silicone sealant), either filled into polystyrene foam in the manufacture of eccentric panels Castles, similar to hooks (with the panels, are tightened with each other by means of a special hex key; collect, and if necessary, carrying to another place, and disassemble such a "castle" camera is quite real for 2-3h).
"Three Comm" | 
Zanotti. | 
Zanotti. |
1. The entire collection-collapsible refrigeration chamber is located on the first floor or in the basement room of the country house. It is advisable to mount it close to the kitchen. But since the noise from the refrigeration machine, which ensures cooling products, may well reach up to 60 dB, better if the camera is mounted away from the bedrooms.
2-3. Soldular machines for refrigeration chambers and wine rooms of country houses are often performed as a monoblocks (2) or split systems (3).
The volume of collapsible refrigeration chambers - from 1.2 m3. Place them on the first or in the basement floor, technical room, sometimes they take a room nearby next to the garage (so that it is convenient to load the products right out of the car. The room must be protected from car exhaust gases.
The collapsible refrigeration chamber is delivered to the customer in a disassembled form. Complete delivery includes a set of panels, a heated door block around the perimeter (the latter is relevant for low-temperature cameras: it protects rubber seals from freezing and damage to ice), a lock device with emergency unlocking function from the inside (for the case, in the chamber "forgot" a person) , sometimes non-slip coating for the floor (perforated sheet of aluminum or stainless steel) IT.P. Sometimes they also supply a refrigerator. Depending on the type of stored products inside the collection and collapsible refrigeration chamber, it is possible to install metal or wooden racks, hooks for hanging meat, plastic containers for bulk products, lighting devices with low heat generation. All these elements can usually be ordered from the camera suppliers.
Operating Rules
2. Better to store in the chamber hermetically packaged products (especially fish). Proving without packaging highlights an excessive amount of moisture, and the evaporator of the air cooler frozen.
3. It takes regularly to perform the disinfection of the camera. In the opposite case, it can be a source of unpleasant odors that will be distributed throughout the house.
Among the largest domestic producers of small refrigeration and freezer cameras, we note Ariad, Sovitaprodmash (Brand Polair), North, Aznh-M. The first two release doors, sandwich panels for cameras and refrigeration units. The rest specialize in the door and panels. From foreign companies can be called Porkka (Finland), Misa (Italy), Teledoor (Germany), producing very high quality and expensive refrigeration chambers. For example, the value of the "empty" medium-temperature refrigerator "Ariad" kx-14.7 with a volume of about 15m3 and the size of 360022602200mm (the connection of the "spike" panels, the thickness of them- 80mm) is about 79 thousand rubles. The same turnkey chamber equipped with a good refrigeration machine, IT.d racks, with the installation will cost the customer about 145-220 thousand rubles.
Individual approach
Of course, install the ready-made camera of the required volume in a particular room is not always possible. Causes may be different. For example, at the design stage of the country house, did not take into account that it is necessary to free space between the chamber walls and the walls of the room (at least 5-10 cm) to ensure the possibility of installation, and the heat sources (radiators) should be from the camera at a distance of at least 1.5.5 . Vitoga, taking into account the fact that the dimensional chamber dimensional chambers change in a step of at least 25-30 cm, often you often have to order the chamber significantly smaller than I would like ...
Photo K. Manko | 
Photo V. Balashova | 
KitchenConvenience.com. | 
Zanotti. |
4.The items secreted by cooled products are condensed on the evaporator and freezes, and when it is defrosting, it is removed into the sewer (architect Trymipsa; Interior design - M.Shenberg).
5. The split system, which serves the refrigeration chamber located in the basement at the basement, is installed in a place protected from precipitation and the sun.
6-7. In the refrigerator, lighting devices with low heat-excretion are installed, adapted for operation at a reduced air temperature.
An alternative to ready-made collapsible cameras in country houses sometimes serve unique structures from sandwich panels manufactured in the size of the Customer and docked in the construction method (using fastening bolts, corners, foam, sealant IT.D.). Most of the cubic outlines collected in such a method, but there are also unique specimens (for example, in the form of a pyramid or triangular in the plan, installed in the corner of the room). Extreme cases in the rooms are equipped with a stationary refrigerator with a brick wall with a thickness of 250mm, heat-insulated, for example, for example, Light Batts (Rockwool, Denmark) stained wool plates with a thickness of 50mm, with insulated concrete floors and a ceiling. The refrigeration chambers created by an individual project are mounted in spacious cuisines for country housing. At the same time, the wall between the chamber and the kitchen is often completely made of glass or a large double-glazed glass is built into it; In the chamber, they put racks for provisions in the style of kitchen furniture, made of valuable wood species, set the spectacular (often non-energy-saving) backlight. As a result, a completely utilitarian thing is a refrigerator, unexpectedly becomes a spectacular decoration of the interior.
Okoloda pressing
Refrigeration monoblocks are most often used as equipment for refrigerant chambers of country houses, externally and in design remotely resembling household window air conditioners. It is necessary to make the MONOBEKE to the co -peccop, keypopping, and also, as well as the package and complement. They produce them both in the average temperature (maintained in the chamber -5 ... + 10c) and in low-temperature design (up to -40 ...- 50c). Montoblock in the pass-through opening in one of the chamber walls (installers make it usually next to the door block, 10-30cm from the ceiling, so that the evaporator is inside the chamber, almost under the ceiling, and the compressor-capacitor knot has been reported) or In the hole in the ceiling (ceiling models). Thanks to full factory readiness, install and connect the device is not too difficult. Doggeds of monoblocks include an elevated noise level when working (usually up to 60 dB) and quite large sizes.
Opinion of a specialist
In our country, to properly keep clothes from fur knows how not every owner. Fur products - expensive, very tender and capricious. They require special storage conditions, especially during the spring-summer season. Such products are desirable to store in refrigeration chambers for fur coats, in the dark (otherwise the fur color is fissaled), at a temperature of 4-6c and humidity 60-65%. In addition, before starting seasonal storage, as well as approximately 1 time in 2 months, the temperature in the chamber where the fur coats are, it is necessary to reduce to -2 ...- 5 ° C for 3-4 days, to kill pray larvae and other possible parasites (k Regret, even after chemical cleaning, some of them remain viable). Cameras for fur coats are supplied without shelves. For the placement of fur coats and serpents use special metal perfume. The size of the chamber should be selected in such a way that the fur products do not touch each other and their uniform blowing. Fur hats, woolen scarves and sweaters can be placed on a hinged shelf of stainless steel.
In addition to the refrigeration machine, to create and maintain the storage of microclimate cuts in refrigeration chambers, additional ventilation systems, drainage, deodoration (ionization) are used. Camera saturation with additional devices depends on the number of stored products, climate in the region, pre-chemical processing of products (or absence) and the location of the camera itself on the object.
Porkka has almost since the beginning of its 15-year activities in Russia offers special refrigerars for storing fur products. The line sizes line is large enough. They can accommodate from two to 15 wagon, having or more elongated shape (fur coats hang in one row, as in the wardrobe), or square (coats are placed around the perimeter). The convenience of such cameras is that they are collapsible and can be transferred to any other place without much effort. Moreover, the refrigeration unit is low noise, energy-saving and does not require installation of drainage systems as opposed to other analogues. Therefore, such chambers are mounted not only in cottages and country houses, but also in the dressing room of urban apartments.
Igor Kukushkin, Porkka General Director (SANKT-PETERSBURG)
It is much more comfortable, especially if the refrigerator is located near the residential area (for example, on the first floor, close to bedrooms), medium or low-temperature split system. It is divided into two block-inner, mounted inside the chamber, and the external, installed beyond. Experienced installers with a special tool for several hours connect blocks between themselves copper pipes and control communications. The external unit in which the most noisy equipment is (in particular, the compressor) can be taken out to the street (the distance between the horizontal blocks in some models of split-systems is up to 20-30 m), placing it so that it is protected from sunlight And precipitation.
"Bakhus basements" | 
"Bakhus basements" | 
Porkka. | 
www.ihus.ru. |
8-9. Press-collapsible chambers with a locking panels are characterized by simplicity of assembly. If necessary, this chamber is not difficult to disassemble and transfer to a new place.
10-11. There is a goal of creating climatic conditions that are optimal for storing fur, a chamber forces equip a powerful refrigeration machine, as well as an ionizer, air dryer and ventilation system.
However, it is possible to install an external unit and indoors next to the chamber - most often it is fixed directly to the wall. True, the room where it is installed, must be well ventilated. The same requirement must be observed when installing monoblocks that not only distinguish excessive heat, but also evaporated into the room where the camera is condensed while cooling the products of water (for comparison: from the inner block of the wet's split-system, the sewage is removed in the sewage system). If ventilation (and, consequently, efficient heat removal) No, provide forced mechanical ventilation of the room with a chamber (make a channel for accessing the air from the heated zone and arrange an exhaust, for example, using a channel fan). 1kW refrigeration capacity is required at least 9m3 / h of inflow air.
How to calculate the required volume of the refrigerator?
The volume of the refrigeration chamber for storing in the country house of cooled and frozen supplies can be approximately determined at the calculation of the load of 80-100kg per 1m3. For example, about 300kg products will fit in a small chamber of 3m3.
Update items with xologic monoblocks and split-systems, as a rule, expanding the peasant peeling, and the "fur coats" of the NAGPAPITELE. The remote control panel of the refrigeration unit is located at the entrance to the refrigerator (monoblocks, the control units are sometimes on their housing). However, to find out how things are in the coldest room of your home, you can not approach it. Modern automation of refrigeration equipment of foreign manufacturers after a small refinement is able to easily integrate into the system of "smart home".
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"North" | 
"North" |
12.Gabarites (length, width) of most of the collapsible refrigeration chambers are changed in approximately 20-30 cm, and the height is 2-2.7 m.
13-14. The "North" cameras of the sandwich panels are fed by plastic porphyls "spits", allowing them to easily dock them between themselves.
Refrigeration equipment is chosen when ordering the chamber. This work is a lot of professionals. The initial data during the selection is usually the range of temperature fluctuations and the relative humidity of the air chamber, the camera parameters (sizes, type of thermal insulation and doors, the number of visits per day, heat sources in the chamber). Information about the products that will be stored there are also important (flow temperature, to which temperature should be cooled and how fast, full mass of IDR). Much depends on where the external block of the split-system will be placed - on the street or in the heated area of the house.
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The refrigerator control panel is most often mounted on the wall before entering the chamber.
The Russian market presents refrigeration equipment of domestic factories ("Ariada", "Sovitaprodmash") and a number of Western manufacturers, RivaCold, Technoblock, Zanotti (all of Italy). The price of monoblocks is lower than split systems, by about 25-40%. For example, the ACM-050 medium-temperature refrigerator (Technoblock) with a cooling capacity of about 1 kW (the unit develops it at a temperature in the chamber -5c and at + 20c in the room where the camera is located) costs about 45 thousand rubles. Well, virtually similar in power, the CSM-050 split system of the same manufacturer will cost 66 thousand rubles. Russian equipment collected using imported components, cheaper than foreign on average by 15-20%.
Got up Bahus
A special kind of refrigeration cameras suitable in modern country houses are wine-room. Innisses are revered by bottled wines, purchased by the owner of housing or its trusted persons from wine-moving companies in Russia or abroad, in different countries or in some one wine-making region. The wine room is suitable for country houses, the inhabitants of which consider themselves the true connoisseurs of wine, tend to make its reserves and wait when the bouquet of drink will fall fully, or just often arrange crowded parties. Some practical developers use such devices to exist purchased young wines to then resell them at a much higher price.
"Three Comm" | 
"Three Comm" | 
"Bakhus basements" | 
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15-16. The temperature in the wine room is maintained using the TECHNOBLOCK split system, the internal block of which is mounted on the storage ceiling (15), and the outer (16) is on the wall overlooking the corridor ventilated.
17. Massive stone shelving for storage of wine is very slowly heated and cooled. Due to this, the temperature of wine remains almost unchanged, even if in the wine room, due to its frequent visits, temperature fluctuations are observed.
The temperature in the wine room necessary for long-term storage of wines is 12-15C. Before feeding, some of them need to be cooled (for example, champagne - up to 7-10 ° C). It is desirable for this that the wine wardrobe is also in addition to the wine room. The last two types are: first, the multi-temperature (in it, the temperature smoothly rises in the direction of the lower shelf to the top, say, from8 to16c; the wine is placed on the shelf with optimal temperature); Secondly, multizone (for two or three bottles compartments with different temperatures). The widged rooms under control should be not only temperature, but also humidity is maintained within 75-85%. If the air is dry, bottle plugs quickly dry up; Because of this, air with oxygen penetrates in wine, and as a result it blams. Achrembline convergence leads to a damage of wine labels and the appearance of mold.
Structurally wine rooms, like medium-temperature refrigerators, can be built from sandwich panels. So, Vinosafe (France) supplies the Wine Rooms of the VSP series with a capacity of 680-4000 bottles (0.75l; type - Bordeaux). The inner sides of the panels have a white rough surface, and the external painted in a beige color (imitation of the skin); The floor is covered with gravel. There is a special refrigeration unit, an IT.d lighting system. It is possible to expand all VSP models (by the largest of the largest-VSP 690) by dragging additional modules by 300-320 bottles.
Opinion of a specialist
Often there are situations when the wine room in the house decide to arrange not at the initial stage of construction, but allocate a premises for this, which was intended for other purposes (for example, a wardrobe or storage room). In the case of the wall and the ceiling of this room, it is necessary to steerly and heat the polyurethane foam with a thickness of at least 50mm (either the material similar to it by properties), as well as pave an additional layer of any foil material for vaporizolation. In contrast, you will have to create the required climatic conditions in your wine cellar to use installations of significantly greater power. Climatic equipment manufacturers are recommended for insufficiently insulated room. Use the settings designed to provide a given temperature in rooms 2 times more, and for uninsulated, even 3-4 times. ATEA additional costs for the purchase of more expensive equipment (which in practice is always incompatible higher than the cost of heat insulating materials). In addition, you will be disturbed by noise from a more powerful climate installation, and will have to be extracted for electricity.
Evgeny Udaltsov, General Director of Bakhus Podom
However, more often the wine room is equipped as a stationary refrigeration chamber with capital walls in the basement or on any other floor of the house. Walls, floor and ceiling in the room where wine will be stored, equipped with good heat, hydro and vaporizolation. For the finish finish, they take a stone, brick, putty and plaster on a lime-based basis IT.P. There are Wine-Rooms in the style of high-tech, decorated with glass and metal. Wine storage racks are made of crushed stone, tuff, burned clay or oak and other wood species. You do not have to save on them. It is logical to purchase racks of verified quality, such as Vinosafe, Arcave (Germany), Cavinor (this company produces wine storage racks from a murchinite-porous material creating ideal (thermostable) conditions for the content of the drink), Eurocave (OBRANCE) IDR.
For the wine room, special air conditioners are needed: they not only support the predetermined air temperature and the level of relative humidity (water for moisturizing, if required, enters this unit directly from the water pipeline), but also practically do not vibrate while working, without violating the biochemical The processes occurring in wine, and usually do not create noise more than 40-50DB. Very important ability to clean the air of the wine room from odors, which can penetrate into it from adjacent rooms (for example, from the garage), with the help of a coal filter.
Requirements for microclimate and arrangement of the wine room
1. The average temperature is 12-15C.
2. Refusing humidity is about 75-85%.
3. Activity of light, strangers, vibrations. Placing bottles in a horizontal position.
Maintain climatic conditions in wine rooms allow monoblocks, split-systems (in Russia, the hidden installation of their internal blocks behind the tail ceiling is used), as well as climatic doors. The latter are a kind of monoblock air conditioner for cellar. They are installed in the doorway, and they not only protect the entrance to the room, but also provide the required wine microclimate. Specialized air conditioners for wine cellars are released by Airwell, Fondis, Friax (all-France), Vinotheque (USA), Koolspace, Eurocave, Vinosafe, Zanotti IDR. The installations presented on the market can climate the wine rooms with a volume of 5m3. The cost of air conditioners is quite high - 65-270 thousand rubles. (depending on the power and additional options).
"Bakhus basements" | 
"Bakhus basements" | 
www.cavovin.com. | 
www.cavovin.com. |
18. The main parameters of the microclimate in the wine room (temperature and humidity) can be tracked using a compact electronic thermohygrometer.
19. Press-collapsible VSP wine room with a climate door, racks and gravel flooring is fully ready for operation.
20-21. monoblock air conditioning climate door of a wine room (20) and a monoblock for installation in the opening in the wall panel (21) (WinClim).
In terms it should be noted that the creation of a wine room involves an active part in this process of various specialists who can achieve success only in creative approach to fulfilling their duties. Contact them is best in advance, even at the stage of designing a country house.
The editorial board thanks Zanotti, Porkka, Three Comm, Bakhus Bazus for help in the preparation of material and the provided photos.